Studies of a key protein in the mechanism of the excitation-contraction coupling process of frog skeletal muscle,using phenylglyoxal

The excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling process in single twitch fibres from frog toe muscle was inhibited selectively by phenylglyoxal (PGO), a specific guanidyl modifying reagent. A new protein (31.5 kDa), which has PGO-binding ability and seems to play a key role in the E-C coupling process, was solubilized from transverse tubule membrane-junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum complexes (TTM-JSR) of frog skeletal muscles, using¹⁴C-PGO. The monoclonal antibody against this protein applied extracellularly inhibited the E-C coupling process of the single fibres. This protein appears to constitute the very first step of input for E-C coupling. It is considered to behave as an indispensable part of an electrometer to measure membrane potentials. Therefore, the name electrometrin is suggested for the new protein.     

基于青蛙现象理论下高校辅导员工作启示研究

辅导员作为高校学生工作的重要组成部分,压力大、责任重、挑战多。在日常的教育管理中,存在着许多会引发危机的诱因,如"90后"独生子女比例高、学生心理年龄成长慢、特殊群体问题多、扩招就业压力大、辅导员自身层面等一系列问题。这些要求高校辅导员要认真学习"青蛙现象"理论带给我们的启示,居安思危,增强忧患意识,提高对危机发生的警惕性,做到规范管理,把各项工作真正落到实处。     

抗爪蟾角蛋白单克隆抗体的研究

本实验以非洲爪蟾(Xenopus laevis)成体皮肤角蛋白免疫的BALB/c鼠脾细胞与小鼠Sp2/0骨髓瘤细胞在PEG的作用下进行融合,经HAT选择培养、ELISA筛选、反复克隆化及冻存复苏,获得四株稳定分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。对其中一株杂交瘤细胞KD_(10)及其分泌的抗体进行了较全面的研究。     

浅析《加拉维拉县驰名的跳蛙》的幽默艺术

本文首先概述了马克·吐温的幽默艺术,然后结合《加拉维拉县驰名的跳蛙》,分析了马克·吐温幽默艺术的四个特点:用夸张的手法突出幽默对象的本质特征;用漫画的技巧追求幽默艺术的深刻性;运用大量土语和俚语增强幽默效果;巧妙地构思出一些奇特、曲折的故事情节,增强幽默的感染力。     

牛蛙、黑斑蛙和虎纹蛙染色体组型及乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的比较研究

本文研究了牛蛙、黑斑蛙和虎纹蛙的染色体组型及其晶体、脑、心脏和肌肉四种组织的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶。实验结果表明,三种蛙的染色数目(2N)均为26,它们的染色体组型是:牛蛙为11m 2sm,黑斑蛙为9m 4sm,虎纹蛙为9m 4sm。乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的研究结果表明,牛蛙和黑斑蛙的晶体、脑和心脏三种组织的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶带谱较为相似,但还是存在明显的差异,二者肌肉的酶谱相差更大。虎纹蛙与牛蛙和黑斑蛙相应组织的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶带谱都显著不同。说明三种蛙存在着乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的组织特异性和种的特异性。     

两栖类发声与发声中枢的研究——回顾、现状、展望

近年来,动物发声与发声机制的研究取得了长足的进展,在两栖类动物中,发声行为的中枢调控以及听觉、激素的作川机制已经有了较深入的认识。本文试图对这方面的研究历史、现状以及未来进行综合性论述和评价。     

莫言作品《蛙》日译翻译方法研究

莫言在荣获2012年度诺贝尔文学奖后,其文学作品在国外的关注度倍增,获奖作品《蛙》的日译本《蛙鳴》在日本一度脱销。好的外文作品能够引起读者的共鸣,译者发挥着重要作用。本文以日本佛教大学教授吉田富夫翻译的《蛙》为例,从人名、地名、成语、人称代词、拟声拟态词的翻译角度出发,深入讨论莫言作品日译的翻译方法,为文学研究和翻译方法研究提供一定的参考。     

壮族青蛙图腾中蛙婆节的人类学思考

壮族的青蛙图腾中有着浓厚的女性崇拜意识，这固然不错，但一概而论，却未免以偏概全。其实，图腾作为一个历史、动态的人类学事实，其中的性别意识是发展变化的。随着人类从母系向父系的发展，青蛙图腾亦由女性神格向男性神格变化，并最终完全去神话化。就与壮族青蛙图腾有关的蛙婆节和人们对青蛙的称呼而言，反映的就是一个男性逐步取代女性而女性由神化逐步去神化的历史过程。     

Plasticins: membrane-damaging peptides with ‘chameleon-like’ properties

Plasticins belong to the dermaseptin superfamily of gene-encoded, membrane-active host defense peptides produced by the skin of hylid frogs. The plasticins, which are rich in Gly and Leu residues arranged in regular 5-mer motifs GXXXG (where X is any amino acid residue), have very similar amino acid sequences, hydrophobicities, and amphipathicities but differ markedly in their net charge, conformational plasticity, and activity spectra. The intrinsic flexibility and structural malleability of plasticins modulate their ability to bind to and disrupt the membranes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and/or to reach intracellular targets, therefore triggering functional versatility. This family of closely related but functionally divergent peptides constitutes a good model to address the relationships between structural polymorphism, membrane-interacting properties, and the biological activity of antimicrobial, cell-penetrating, and viral fusion peptides. Plasticins could thus serve as templates to design potent multifunctional drugs that could act simultaneously against bacterial pathogens and viruses. Received 26 September 2007; received after revision 22 October 2007; accepted 29 October 2007     

Temporins, anti-infective peptides with expanding properties

Antimicrobial peptides are effector molecules of the innate immune response of all pluricellular organisms, providing them with first-line defence against pathogens. Amphibian skin secretions represent one of the richest natural sources for such peptide antibiotics, and temporins, a large family of antimicrobial peptides from frog skin, are among the smallest ones found in nature to date. Their functional role and modes of action have been described, along with their interesting and unique properties. These properties make temporins good molecules for an in-depth understanding of host defence peptides in general. Furthermore, they are attractive templates for the future design of new therapeutics against infectious diseases with new modes of action, urgently needed due to the increasing resistance of microorganisms to the available drugs. Received 8 November 2005; received after revision 19 December 2005; accepted 18 January 2006