粘虫(Mythimna separata)变态期间环核苷酸和蜕皮激素的动态及灭幼脲的影响

本文用放射免疫法研究了粘虫(Mythim(?) (?) parata(walker))末龄幼虫和蛹初期的脑和前胸腺cAMP含量及血淋巴20-羟基蜕皮酮滴度的动态变化,进而研究了灭幼脲对这两种物质的影响.结果表明:(1)粘虫末龄幼虫仅具一个血淋巴20-羟基蜕皮酮的释放高峰,化蛹后则以更快的增长速度提高滴度,至蛹3日龄仍无衰减之势;(2)末龄幼虫前胸腺cAMP高峰出现后12小时,血淋巴中出现20-羟基酮释放峰位.而蛹1日龄出现前胸腺cAMP高峰后的较长时间内仍有血淋巴20-羟基蜕皮酮的持续增加;(3)末龄幼虫脑cAMP峰较前胸腺的峰位提早24小时发生,1日龄蛹前胸腺发生cAMP高峰前,脑的cAMP量也维持在较高水平;(4)1日龄末龄幼虫经灭幼脲处理后,脑和前胸腺的cAMP峰值以及血淋巴20-羟基蜕皮酮峰值分别降低约47％(P<0.001),25％(P<0.025)和75％(P<0.001),峰值期以外的cAMP量和激素滴度均无显著影响.     

Dual role of cAMP duringDictyostelium development

cAMP plays an essential role duringDictyostelium development both outside and inside the cell. Membrane-bound receptors and adenylyl cyclase are responsible for sensing and producing extracellular cAMP, whereas a phosphodiesterase is responsible for maintaining a low basal level. The molecular events underlying this type of hormone like signalling, which are now beginning to be deciphered, will be presented, in the light of cAMP analogue studies. The importance of intracellular cAMP for cell differentiation has been demonstrated by the central role of the cAMP dependent protein kinase. Mutants as well as strains obtained by reverse genetics will be reviewed which lead to our current understanding of the role of intracellular cAMP in the differentiation of both stalk and spore cells.     

Beta-adrenergic-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in normal and EBV-transformed lymphocytes

Summary Beta-adrenergic-associated cyclic AMP accumulation was studied in intact lymphocytes before and after transformation with Epstein-Barr virus into immortal cell lines. Although a marked reduction in isoproterenol-stimulated cyclic AMP synthesis was observed in transformed cells, forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation was preserved. A parallel loss of¹²⁵-iodocyanopindolol binding sites suggests that the reduction in beta-adrenergic-stimulated AMP synthesis is due to receptor down regulation.     

Action of TSH on nuclear ADP-ribosylation in dog thyroid slices

Summary Treatment of dog thyroid slices with thyrotropin (TSH) results in an increase in ADP-ribosylation in nuclei isolated thereafter. This increase is time-dependent and is observed with concentrations of TSH eliciting physiological responses. The technique described here does not involve permeabilization of cell membranes, thereby avoiding artefacts which could arise from hypotonic shock. Cyclic AMP mimicked the stimulatory action of TSH.     

AMP方程的基团贡献法预测纯物质蒸气压

将 AMP方程估算蒸气压扩展到含氧化合物 ,对 34种烷烃和醇、酮、醚类 54种含氧化物进行了计算 ,回归出基团贡献参数     

Structure and function of a calmodulin-dependent smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase

Summary In smooth muscle the M_r 20,000 light chain of myosin is phosphorylated by a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. It consists of 2 subunits: calmodulin, an acidic protein of M_r 17,000 that binds 4 moles of Ca²⁺; and a larger protein of M_r circa 130,000. Activation of the kinase is dependent upon their association in the presence of Ca²⁺. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation of the myosin light chain kinase occurs at 2 sites. It decreases the affinity of the kinase for calmodulin and a reduction in the rate of light chain phosphorylation occurs. The kinase has an overall asymmetric shape composed of a globular head and tail region for the skeletal muscle enzyme. Trypsin digestion of this kinase releases a fragment of M_r 36,000 from the globular region that contains the catalytic and calmodulin binding sites. Chymotrypsin digestion of the kinase from smooth muscle generates a fragment of M_r 80,000 that does not contain the calmodulin binding or cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation sites. It is a Ca²⁺-independent form of the kinase that phosphorylates the light chain of myosin. These structural features indicate a regulatory role for the kinase in smooth muscle phosphorylation and contraction.     

Hormone and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in human lymphocytes: reliability of longitudinal time measurements

Summary Reliability of measurement of lymphocyte cyclic AMP synthesis in intact cells was estimated by taking 3 successive blood samples during a one-month period from 11 healthy volunteers. Isoproterenol and prostaglandin E₁-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation were used to evaluate the activity of these two receptor activities in human lymphocytes. Forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation was used to evaluate the activity of the Ns/catalytic subunit. Only for forskolin was significant reliability observed. For isoproterenol and prostaglandin E₁ significant reliability was observed only for male subjects.Acknowledgment. This work was supported in part by the following organizations: Chief Scientist's Office, Israel Ministry of Health; Herman Goldman Foundation, New York; United Jewish Endowment Fund of Greater Washington-Pollinger Foundation.     

美国先进制造业伙伴计划及对中国的影响

介绍了美国刚刚出台的先进制造业伙伴（AMP）计划,分析了美国构建先进制造技术的路线图,提出在面对全球经济的巨大挑战下,中国需突出先进制造业的战略地位,重点发展绿色、高端制造业,并不断提高自主创新能力。     

甲醛不同染毒剂量对小鼠免疫功能的影响

为了研究甲醛(formaldehyde,FA)染毒剂量对机体免疫功能的影响规律,小鼠分别以40、400 mg/kg剂量吸入FA 14 d后,接种传染性法氏囊疫苗(infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV),进行体重、脏器系数、淋巴细胞增殖能力、NK细胞活性、环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,c AMP)和体液免疫水平的检测。结果为FA吸入40 mg/kg染毒小鼠体重下降最显著,肺脏的脏器系数极显著减小,NK细胞对靶细胞的杀伤能力显著下降,c AMP水平显著升高,IBDV特异性抗体水平受到显著抑制。结果表明FA吸入性染毒对肺脏损伤严重、抑制IBDV抗体水平;高剂量染毒与低剂量染毒相比其抑制机体产生体液免疫影响更大,导致免疫功能紊乱、产生较强的免疫毒性影响。     

5′－腺苷酸脱氨酶产生菌选育及发酵生态学研究

从多株青酶及曲酶中筛选到一株新的腺苷酸脱氨酶产生菌，经紫外线及５′－氟尿嘧啶复合诱变处理，使菌株的产酶活性有了很大提高，通过发酵生态学研究确定了产酶的最佳条件，在营养生理研究中发现一种廉价的产酶促进因子，添加该物质可使酶活提高１４．６倍。在所确定的最佳培养条件下平均酶活可达１３ｏｏｕ／ｍｌ。