Improved hemimorphite flotation using xanthate as a collector with S(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) activation

The flotation of hemimorphite using the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process,which includes sulfidization with sodium sulfide,activation by lead cations,and subsequent flotation with xanthate,was investigated.The flotation results indicated that hemimorphite floats when the S(Ⅱ)–Pb(Ⅱ)–xanthate process is used; a maximum recovery of approximately 90% was obtained.Zeta-potential,contact-angle,scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectrometry(SEM–EDS),and diffuse-reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS) measurements were used to characterize the activation products on the hemimorphite surface and their subsequent interaction with sodium butyl xanthate(SBX).The results showed that a Zn S coating formed on the hemimorphite surface after the sample was conditioned in an Na2 S solution.However,the formation of a Zn S coating on the hemimorphite surface did not improve hemimorphite flotation.With the subsequent addition of lead cations,Pb S species formed on the mineral surface.The formation of the Pb S species on the surface of hemimorphite significantly increased the adsorption capacity of SBX,forming lead xanthate(referred to as chemical adsorption) and leading to a substantial improvement in hemimorphite flotation.Our results indicate that the addition of lead cations is a critical step in the successful flotation of hemimorphite using the sulfidization–lead ion activation–xanthate process.     

不同周围流速和电压下的绝缘子积污特性

为了研究绝缘子在不同电压下表现的积污特性，利用流体力学的相关知识和电场理论，建立了模拟风沙的多物理场仿真模型.研究结果表明，周围流动速度较小时，绝缘子两端的电压增大，积污质量发会有一定程度的增加，且积污与电场力的变化密切相关，结合静电场分析会更准确；周围流动速度较大时，即使电压增大，积污质量也不会发生太大的变化.     

Synthesis of the 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide (3D-C@MnO) nanocomposite and its supercapacitor behavior study

A 3D porous carbon-manganese oxide ([email protected]) nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via a thermal plasma deposition method. The chemical bonds and compositions, phase structures, surface morphologies, etc. of as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite were characterized by the various equipment, such as X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopes. The electrochemical performances of the [email protected] nanocomposite electrode showed a specific capacitance of 780 F g^?1 at a current density of 2 A g^?1 and a capacitance retention rate of 99% after 5000 charge-discharge cycles at a high current density of 10 A g^?1. These excellent capacitive performances may be attributed to the encapsulation of MnO nanoparticles by porous carbon sheets in the [email protected] MnO nanocomposite structure. It is believed that the carbon-encapsulated MnO nanoparticles can be protected from a volume deformation during the charge adsorption/desorption cycle and can be electrically improved by the encapsulated carbon sheets, resulting in better overall capacitive performance. In addition, this study also demonstrates the practical applicability by assembling a supercapacitor using the as-obtained [email protected] nanocomposite to glow a light emitting diode.     

Side-Channel Attacks in a Real Scenario

Existing Side-Channel Attacks(SCAs) have several limitations and, rather than to be real attack methods,can only be considered to be security evaluation methods. Their limitations are mainly related to the sampling conditions, such as the trigger signal embedded in the source code of the encryption device, and the acquisition device that serves as the encryption-device controller. Apart from it being very difficult for an attacker to add a trigger into the original design before making an attack or to control the encryption device, there is a big gap in the capacity of existing SCAs to pose real threats to cipher devices. In this paper, we propose a new method, the sliding window SCA(SW-SCA), which can be applied in scenarios in which the acquisition device is independent of the encryption device and for which the encryption source code requires no trigger signal or modification. First,we describe the main issues in existing SCAs, then we theoretically analyze the effectiveness and complexity of our proposed SW-SCA —a method that can incorporate a sliding-window mechanism into almost all of the existing non-profiled SCAs. The experimental results for both simulated and physical traces verify the effectiveness of the SW-SCA and the appropriateness of its theoretical complexity.     

围压条件下原状花岗岩残积土细观渗流数值模拟

选取福州某地原状花岗岩残积土作为研究对象,基于计算机断层扫描(CT)图像与COMSOL Multiphyscis有限元软件,研究原状土样在考虑和不考虑围压时的细观渗流规律.结果表明:两种条件下,计算渗透率都随水压差的增加呈线性降低的关系;考虑围压时,计算渗透率随竖向力呈先急剧到平缓下降,再急剧上升,最后趋于平缓下降的规律.同一时刻,考虑围压时的渗流长度较未考虑时的减少了约16%,速度大小降低了约13%.应力敏感性指数主要受围压控制,水压差对其影响甚微,且不同围压作用下应力敏感性指数呈"Z"字型变化.     

新形势下科技人才培养评价体系应有新变化

 过去十几年来，中国在科技领域取得了有目共睹的成绩。但近几年间，国际关系的动荡对中国的科技工作提出了新的警示和要求。放眼未来，为实现建设世界科技强国的目标，中国的科技人才培养评价体系应有新变化：应服务于建立更为完善和独立的科学教育体系，在部分顶尖研究型大学与科研机构致力于打造国际化、全英文的教学科研环境，形成支持中国科学家更多参与国际科学交流活动的体制机制。相信这些提升中国科研“软实力”的举措会对中国科技领域的长期健康发展提供重要支持。     

尼莫地平对蛛网膜下腔出血大鼠脑功能的改善作用

目的探讨尼莫地平对SAH大鼠脑功能改善作用,并分析相关机制.方法采用枕大池二次注血法建立大鼠SAH模型,通过神经行为学评分,经颅多普勒超声检测基底动脉的平均血流速度,HE染色法观察脑形态学改变,脑含水量检测分析尼莫地平对SAH的治疗机制.结果与假手术组相比,SAH组大鼠出现明显的神经运动功能障碍体征,其神经行为学评分明显降低;与SAH组相比,尼莫地平组大鼠神经运动功能障碍体征明显减轻,神经行为评分明显高于SAH组.颅超声多普勒检测结果表明:SAH组大脑基底动脉血流速度明显加快,而经过尼莫地平治疗后,其血流速度明显降低;HE染色发现:SAH组大鼠脑中可见明显的出血灶,神经元数目减少,神经元及神经胶质出现肿胀,尼莫地平能够明显减轻SAH后的脑损伤;大鼠SAH时,脑水含量明显增加,尼莫地平既能减轻血管源性脑水肿症状,又减轻细胞毒性脑水肿症状.结论尼莫地平能改善神经运动功能障碍,其机制与降低基底动脉血流速度、减轻神经细胞、胶质细胞肿胀及减轻脑水肿有关.     

兰州黄河岸边卵石层大吨位桩基自平衡法试验研究

对兰州深安黄河大桥进行桩基自平衡法试验。在对黄河岸边的岩土层进行桩基试验时,对桩基的极限侧阻力和端阻力标准值的取值提出建议,并在兰州地区进行自平衡法桩基试验时,对桩基侧摩阻力的取值提出建议。     

MapReduce系统中的两阶段混合流水作业调度算法

以极小化最大完工时间为目标,研究MapReduce系统中的两阶段混合流水作业调度问题.每个工件都包含两个任务集,即map任务集和reduce任务集.所有map任务必须在第一阶段的m1台平行机上加工,而reduce任务则必须在第二阶段的m2台平行机上加工.一个工件的reduce任务只有在该工件的所有map任务完成后才能开始加工.所有reduce任务不允许中断.对map任务不可中断情形,给出了一个最坏情况界为2-1/max{m1,m2}的近似算法.对map任务可任意分割情形,分别给出了基于Johnson规则和LPT规则的近似算法H(2,J)和H(2,L),并证明了这两个算法的最坏情况界分别为2-1/m2和2.通过数值实验发现,一般情况下H(2,J)性能要优于H2,L,但在reduce任务的总加工时间大于map任务且m2较大时则相反.最后,当map任务和reduce任务的总加工时间成比例关系时,给出了算法H(2,J)的参数最坏情况界.