论信息市场环境下的图书馆营销观

分析了信息市场的发展对图书馆信息资源建设、信息技术的开发以及信息传播方式和获取手段所产生的影响，探讨了面对激烈的市场竞争图书馆引入营销观念的必要性，并对具体的营销策略做了详尽的阐述。     

Evidence that superoxide radicals are involved in the hemolytic mechanism of phenylhydrazine

Summary Phenylhydrazine produces in the red blood cell the same effect as the enzymic system xanthine oxidase-xanthine, a superoxide radical generator system. Both effects are inhibited by the enzyme superoxide dismutase.This work was supported in part by grants Nos. 1045 and 3243 of Oficina Técnica de Desarrollo Científico y Creación Artística de la Universidad de Chile.     

Ror2, encoding a receptor-like tyrosine kinase, is required for cartilage and growth plate development

Receptor tyrosine kinases often have critical roles in particular cell lineages by initiating signalling cascades in those lineages. Examples include the neural-specific TRK receptors, the VEGF and angiopoietin endothelial-specific receptors, and the muscle-specific MUSK receptor. Many lineage-restricted receptor tyrosine kinases were initially identified as 'orphans' homologous to known receptors, and only subsequently used to identify their unknown growth factors. Some receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like orphans still lack identified ligands as well as biological roles. Here we characterize one such orphan, encoded by Ror2 (ref. 12). We report that disruption of mouse Ror2 leads to profound skeletal abnormalities, with essentially all endochondrally derived bones foreshortened or misshapen, albeit to differing degrees. Further, we find that Ror2 is selectively expressed in the chondrocytes of all developing cartilage anlagen, where it essential during initial growth and patterning, as well as subsequently in the proliferating chondrocytes of mature growth plates, where it is required for normal expansion. Thus, Ror2 encodes a receptor-like tyrosine kinase that is selectively expressed in, and particularly important for, the chondrocyte lineage.     

水稻枝梗数性状的遗传研究进展

水稻穗部枝梗教影响稻谷产量.就穗部一、二次枝梗数性状的遗传研究进行了综述.研究表明枝梗数是受多基因控制的数量性状,具高的遗传力和变异度,其基因的表达受水分胁迫、不同年份的影响,并存在基因间上位性以及基因型与环境间互作;枝梗数与稻谷产量呈正相关:在早期世代和高代分别对一次枝梗数和二次枝梗数进行选择有较好效果.     

Direct electronic measurement of the spin Hall effect

The generation, manipulation and detection of spin-polarized electrons in nanostructures define the main challenges of spin-based electronics. Among the different approaches for spin generation and manipulation, spin-orbit coupling--which couples the spin of an electron to its momentum--is attracting considerable interest. In a spin-orbit-coupled system, a non-zero spin current is predicted in a direction perpendicular to the applied electric field, giving rise to a spin Hall effect. Consistent with this effect, electrically induced spin polarization was recently detected by optical techniques at the edges of a semiconductor channel and in two-dimensional electron gases in semiconductor heterostructures. Here we report electrical measurements of the spin Hall effect in a diffusive metallic conductor, using a ferromagnetic electrode in combination with a tunnel barrier to inject a spin-polarized current. In our devices, we observe an induced voltage that results exclusively from the conversion of the injected spin current into charge imbalance through the spin Hall effect. Such a voltage is proportional to the component of the injected spins that is perpendicular to the plane defined by the spin current direction and the voltage probes. These experiments reveal opportunities for efficient spin detection without the need for magnetic materials, which could lead to useful spintronics devices that integrate information processing and data storage.     

L(p)(p>1)‖f‖_p与E_f(p)中的连续性

证明 了 Ｌ （ｐ）（ｐ＞ １）中‖ ｆ‖ 与 Ｅ （ｐ）关 于 ｐ 的 连续 性 ，即 ：当 ｐ０＞ ｐ＞１，ｆ（ｘ）∈ ｐ ｆＬＰ （Ｅ ）时 ，ｌｉｍ ‖ ｆ‖_ｐ ＝‖ ｆ‖_Ｐ ，ｌｉｍ Ｅ （ｐ）＝Ｅ （ｐ０）。 ０ ０ ｆ ｆ ｐ→ｐ０ ｐ→ｐ０     

Structure and processing of yeast precursor tRNAs containing intervening sequences.

We have isolated a precursor of yeast tRNATyr and shown that it contains an intervening sequence identical to that found in the gene for tRNATyr. The conformation of pre-tRNATyr is similar to that of mature tRNATyr except for the anticodon loop. The loop is sensitive to endonucleolytic cleavage by S1 nuclease near to the ends of the intervening sequence. This pre-tRNA is functionally inactive as it cannot be aminoacylated and the anticodon is not accessible for hydrogen bonding. A crude nuclear extract from yeast contains an excision-ligase activity which will process pre-tRNATyr into mature tRNATyr.     

采用图像信息学方法研究三维支架中细胞的信号通路

通过慢病毒介导的短发夹RNA对成纤维细胞的转化生长因子β(TGF-β)信号通路进行干扰,采用双光子荧光显微成像技术并结合基于细胞-细胞外基质三维系统的图像信息学方法,研究了植于多孔胶原蛋白支架中成纤维细胞分化过程的TGF-β信号通路.结果表明,在介导成纤维细胞分化的过程中,生长因子TGF-β1比TGF-β3发挥的作用更大,在TGF-β1介导的成纤维细胞分化过程中,蛋白SMAD1和SMAD3通过不同方式也发挥了重要作用.所得结果与通过生化或遗传学方法的结果相吻合.     

Amplitude spectroscopy of a solid-state artificial atom

The energy-level structure of a quantum system, which has a fundamental role in its behaviour, can be observed as discrete lines and features in absorption and emission spectra. Conventionally, spectra are measured using frequency spectroscopy, whereby the frequency of a harmonic electromagnetic driving field is tuned into resonance with a particular separation between energy levels. Although this technique has been successfully employed in a variety of physical systems, including natural and artificial atoms and molecules, its application is not universally straightforward and becomes extremely challenging for frequencies in the range of tens to hundreds of gigahertz. Here we introduce a complementary approach, amplitude spectroscopy, whereby a harmonic driving field sweeps an artificial atom through the avoided crossings between energy levels at a fixed frequency. Spectroscopic information is obtained from the amplitude dependence of the system's response, thereby overcoming many of the limitations of a broadband-frequency-based approach. The resulting 'spectroscopy diamonds', the regions in parameter space where transitions between specific pairs of levels can occur, exhibit interference patterns and population inversion that serve to distinguish the atom's spectrum. Amplitude spectroscopy provides a means of manipulating and characterizing systems over an extremely broad bandwidth, using only a single driving frequency that may be orders of magnitude smaller than the energy scales being probed.