脱硫副产物在碱化土壤改良中的应用

通过分析在不同脱硫副产物施用量下土壤理化性质的变化规律,对脱硫副产物改良碱化土壤进行理论研究,探寻改良碱化土壤的优化利用模式.采用宁夏银川和内蒙古鄂尔多斯的四种土样,每种土样分别加入4个水平(施用量分别为土样质量的0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%)的脱硫副产物,观察改良效果.结果表明:脱硫副产物能降低土壤pH和碱化度,改善土壤理化性质,从而达到改良碱化土壤的作用;碱化土壤的改良效果在一定的范围内(0～2.0%)与脱硫副产物的用量呈正相关,超过这一范围,不但不能提高改良效果,而且还会有大量的盐分累积,增加改良的难度;脱硫副产物改良碱化土壤的最佳用量范围为0.5%～1.0%.     

Effects of elevated [CO2] on stem and root lodging among rice cultivars

Studies showed that elevated [CO2] would improve photosynthetic rates and enhance yields of rice;however,few studies have focused on the response of rice lodging,which is a major cause of cereal yield loss and quality reduction,under elevated [CO2].In this study,we examined the effects of elevated [CO2] on stem and root lodging using 4 rice cultivars(86Y8,japonica hybrid;LYP9,2-line indica hybrid;variety 9311,type of indica inbred rice,and SY63,3-line indica hybrid) grown under two [CO2] levels:400 and 680 μmol mol-1.Our results indicated that under elevated [CO2],the stem-lodging risk(SLR) of 9311 decreased,while in SY63 the SLR increased,86Y8 and LYP9 were not significantly affected;the risk of root lodging was reduced for all cultivars,because root biomass(instead of root number) and bending strength were increased significantly,and then the increase of anti-lodging ability is far higher than that of self-weight mass moment for all cultivars.These findings suggested that higher [CO2] can enhance the risk of stem-lodging for cultivars with strong-[CO2]-responses,but may not aggravate the root lodging for all rice cultivars.     

神经网络显色光度法用于镧系稀土的同时测定

研究了神经网络反传算法及其在光谱分辨中的应用。借三溴偶氮氯膦为显色剂，以光度法同时测定１５种稀土元素，相对误差一般小于５％。表明结果良好。     

准确测定湿雪的含水率--秋田谷式含水率计测量值的气温订正

在应用秋田谷式含水率计测量湿雪含水率的过程中,雪样被短时间暴露在通常为正温的环境中产生融化,人而带来量测值的误差,通过试验,建立标准操作时间,然后利用大量的野外雪水分离及含水率量测资料,得出气温对含水率测定值影响的定量关系,测定值的气温（T,℃）订正值为-0.37T(T≥0)。     

Fenton氧化反应过程中存在铁系络合物的初步分析

在无需进行物质分离的条件下,利用紫外–可见分光光度计分别测定Fe2+、Fe3+、H2O2各自不同浓度下的吸光度,以及三者混合后不同波长下的全扫描吸收强度,研究Fenton氧化反应过程中络合物形成的规律.实验结果表明:在排除降解底物影响的情况下,Fenton氧化反应过程中产生了一种铁系络合物,在所考察的整个波段(190~500 nm)内呈现出较大的吸光度,从而验证了Fenton氧化反应过程中络合物的存在,其浓度是随着双氧水的浓度而变化,为阐明Fenton氧化反应过程中羟基自由基产生的机理提供了有力的基础数据.