Optimization of Extraction of Antioxidants from Turmeric(Curcuma longa L.) Using Response Surface Methodology

Turmeric is a spice widely used to enhance the taste and color of certain meats. We investigated the antioxidant capacities of turmeric ethanol soaking extracts by utilizing the scavenging properties of hydroxyl radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical. The results showed that the optimum extraction parameters were: extraction time 4 h, sample-solvent ratio 1:84.12, solvent 72.34% ethanol solution, and water bath temperature 81.3 ℃. The optimum ethanol soaking extraction parameters were: extraction time 4 h, sample-solvent ratio 1:90.74, solvent 80.46% ethanol solution, water bath temperature 88.2 ℃. With these parameters, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate and the DPPH free radical clearance of crude extracts from turmeric can reach about 93.78% and 40.69%, respectively. These results indicate that ethanol soaking extraction may be a useful method for extracting antioxidants from turmeric.     

A Novel Routing Method for Social Delay-Tolerant Networks

The lack of continuous connectivity and a complete path from source to destination makes node communication quite difficult in Delay-Tolerant Networks(DTNs). Most studies focus on routing problems in idealized network environments without considering social properties. Communication devices are carried by individuals in many DTNs; therefore, DTNs are unique social networks to some extent. To design efficient routing protocols for DTNs, it is important to analyze their social properties. In this paper, a more accurate and comprehensive metric for detecting the quality of the relationships between nodes is proposed, by considering the contact time, contact frequency, and contact regularity. An overlapping hierarchical community detection method is designed based on this new metric, and a tree structure is built. Furthermore, we exploit the overlapping community structure and the tree structure to provide message-forwarding paths from the source node to the destination node.The simulation results show that our Routing method based on Overlapping hierarchical Community Detection(ROCD) achieves better delivery rate than SimBet and Bubble Rap, the classic routing protocols, without affecting the average delay.     

卷积神经网络发展

卷积神经网络作为深度学习的重要代表算法之一,被应用到人脸识别、行为识别、字符识别和图像处理等多个领域,推动着人工智能的快速发展.本文在分析整理大量文献后,总结了卷积神经网络的发展阶段,介绍了卷积神经网络的基本结构和关键技术,选取LeNet、AlexNet、VGGNet、GoogLeNet和ResNet等几种具有代表性的网络进行分析对比,并指出各个网络的应用场景和优缺点,最后提出卷积神经网络未来的研究发展方向.     

基于共价有机框架的仿生光动力学治疗试剂的构建

共价有机框架（COF）是一类新兴的多孔有机聚合物，因其具有较大的比表面积、有序的孔道结构以及良好的生物相容性，已成为具有潜力的纳米药物载体.制备了基于COF纳米颗粒的仿生纳米复合物，负载光敏剂孟加拉玫瑰红（RB），并包裹癌细胞膜（CMV）对该复合物进行仿生修饰.结果表明：制备的COF/RB@CMV纳米复合物具有良好的生物兼容性，能够被肿瘤细胞有效摄取，并在光照激活条件下产生对细胞具有高毒性的活性氧化物（ROS），进而起到了杀伤肿瘤细胞的作用.提出了一种新的基于COF的仿生纳米平台用作光动力学治疗（PDT）试剂.     

基于特征碘离子的非靶向筛查鉴定河北省地下水中碘化消毒副产物

联合高分辨质谱和碘化消毒副产物(I-DBPs)的特征质谱性质, 建立一套完整的非靶向分析方法。以河北省17口监测井为研究对象, 筛查地下水样品中I-DBPs的种类、数量及分布。共筛选出含有同分异构体的I-DBPs疑似离子2408种, 其中不同质荷比的数量为839, 远高于以往研究报道的I-DBPs数量。疑似I-DBPs离子中, 对碘离子响应强度排前十位的离子进行结构鉴定, 其中响应强度排前两位的两种离子被鉴定为酚类I-DBPs, 其发育毒性比对应的脂肪族I-DBPs高数十至数百倍。进一步的分析结果表明, 酚类I-DBPs是样品中主要的I-DBPs 类型之一。最后, 通过主成分分析, 讨论2408种疑似I-DBPs的分布特征。根据主成分分数, 筛选出明显偏离其他采样点的3个采样点。根据装载因子, 通过高斯混合模型对疑似I-DBPs进行聚类, 得到4类离子, 其中3类离子分别属于3个离群采样点的特征污染物。这些结果表明, I-DBPs的分布在河北省内的不同地区具有明显的差异性和复杂性。     

Preparation and electrochemical performance of double perovskite La_2CoMnO_6 nanofibers

Through electrospinning,La_2Co Mn O_6 nanofibers were prepared from a polyvinylpyrrolidone/lanthanum nitrate–cobalt acetate–manganese acetate(PVP/LCM)precursor and were used as electrode materials.The morphologies and structures of the samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)specific surface area analysis.The results show that the prepared La_2Co Mn O_6 nanofibers are stable,one-dimensional structures formed from interconnected La_2Co Mn O_(6 )nanoparticles with a diamond-like crystal structure.The specific surface area of the fibers is 79.407 m~2·g~(-1).Electrochemical performance tests with a three-electrode system reveal the specific capacitance of the La_2Co Mn O_6 nanofibers as 109.7 F·g~(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A·g~(-1).After 1000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 1 A·g~(-1),the specific capacitance maintains 90.9%of its initial value,demonstrating a promising performance of the constraint capacitance and good cyclic stability.     

论《熊出没》中的动画角色设计

动画片《熊出没》不仅获得了极高的收视率，还获得了“金猴奖”中动画系列片金奖和动画形象金奖两个重量级奖项。该动画片成功的关键在于动画角色的塑造，通过三个主要角色：聪明的熊大、好吃懒做的熊二及顶着大光头的伐木工人，角色设定相对单调，但仍然受到大众的喜爱，原因就在于“创意”独特，符合受众的感知能力，满足了受众群体的视觉需求。在形象塑造上通过故事情节现代化的演绎、夸张动作安排、独特的地方口音和流行化语言风格等富有人性化的艺术表现形式，刻画了三个角色的性格，符合读者的审美期待，实现了虚拟动画和真实受众之间的沟通。     

基于改进遗传算法的自适应越区切换方案

针对列车通信在越区切换过程中切换触发率和切换成功率均较低的问题, 提出一种基于改进遗传算法的自适应联合判决切换算法. 首先, 以遗传算法为基础, 在高速特性下对切换判决过程中的相关参数进行优化, 针对列车的不同运行速度动态选择出满足快速切换需求的迟滞容限值； 其次, 引入满意通信概率（SCP), 当列车在小区之间移动时, SCP值达不到要求的将不能接入下一个小区, 以保障通信质量的优良. 仿真结果表明, 与传统切换方案相比, 该方案可实现提高切换触发率和切换成功率的目标, 具有较高的满意通信概率.     

超电锂电用柔性电极材料制备方法研究进展

随着可穿戴电子器件的发展,开发具有柔性结构的电极受到储能领域研究人员的高度重视.研究认为,具有高韧性的柔性复合电极在小型可穿戴电子器件储能设备中有广阔的发展前景,尤其是在商用小型锂离子电池和超级电容器领域,柔性电极更应具有柔韧性和稳定性优势.基于此,笔者从柔性电极的构建出发,综述了最近柔性电极制备方法的研究进展,并展望了柔性电极的未来发展趋势.