Y-152和K-156在果蝇ADH催化中的作用

果蝇醇脱氢酶酪氨酸－１５２（Ｙ－１５２）和赖氨酸－１５６（Ｋ－１５６）处于同类脱氢酶的保守位点。经人工定点突变和酶动力学分析,前者的苯丙氨酸（Ｙ１５２Ｆ）、组氨酸（Ｙ１５２Ｈ）和谷氨酸突变体（Ｙ１５２Ｅ）及后者的异亮氨酸突变体（Ｋ１５６Ｉ）均丧失催化活性。而半胱氨酸－１５２（Ｙ１５２Ｃ）及精氨酸－１５６（Ｋ１５６Ｒ）突变体活性分别是对应野生型的０．２５％和２．２％。此外,Ｙ１５２Ｃ和Ｋ１５６Ｒ的Ｋ     

重组细胞因子类药物研究的新进展

细胞因子(cytokine)是由免疫细胞及相关细胞产生的一类调节细胞功能的高活性、多功能的多肽分子,不包括免疫球蛋白、补体和一般生理性的细胞产物.细胞因子通常由淋巴细胞、单核巨噬细胞、成纤维细胞、内皮细胞等相关细胞产生,按其功能及与免疫学的关系可分为:(1)具有抗病毒活性的细胞因子,如干扰素(interferon,IFN);(2)具有免疫调节活性的细胞因子,包括白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)类的IL 2、IL 4、IL 5、IL7、IL 9、IL 10和IL 12,以及β型转化生长因子(transforming growth factor β,TGF β);(3)具有炎症介导活性的细胞因子,包括以肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)及IL 1、IL 6和IL 8为代表的结构相似的小分子趋化因子;(4)具有造血生长活性的细胞因子,包括IL 3、IL11、集落刺激因子(colony-stimulating factor,CSF)、促红细胞生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)、干细胞因子(stem cell factor,SCF)和白血病抑制因子(leukemia inhibitory factor,LIF)等.     

Experimental study on absorption of blade vibration of honeycomb seal and shunt injection

Honeycomb seals and shunt injection have been proposed to weaken the blade vibration. Honeycomb seals, as well as, smooth seals were tested with different seals' clearances and shrouded blades. The shunt injection was sprayed to the blade tip clearance in the reverse direction of the main flow. Experimental results showed that both honeycomb seals and shunt injection had the damping effect for blade vibration, and the blade vibration magnitude could be reduced by more than 25% and 17%, respectively. When the two methods were adopted synchronously, more than 1/3 of the blade vibration could be reduced. Consequently, adopting honeycomb seal and superinducing proper shunt injection are two useful ways to minimize vibration of the blade from the viewpoints of avoiding blade rupture and improving the rotor stability.     

果蝇醇脱氢酶S—139定点突变后活性的变化

经酶动力学分析，丝氨酸－１３９的突变体Ｓ１３９Ａ使ＤｍＡＤＨ完全失去催化活性。Ｓ１３９Ｃ和Ｓ１３９Ｔ使ＤｍＡＤＨ的催化能力分别下降为野生型的１４．３％和４１．６％以及４７％和７６％，而且Ｋｃａｔ／Ｋｍ（Ａｌｃ）和ＣＡＴ（Ｋｍ（ＮＡＤ）差异极为显著；对于乙醇，突变体相对于野生型变化不大；而对于ＮＡＤ，突变体相对于野生型下降到原来的１０％以上。