贵州红层地区危岩带变形破坏机制及防治研究

危岩体(崩塌)是贵州红层地区具有典型的代表性的地质灾害。本文以元厚镇危岩带为例,深入分析元厚镇危岩带的破坏特征及形成机制。将红层地区危岩带的变形破坏机制概括为3个阶段,总结贵州红层地区危岩带破坏特点,并提出了有针对性的综合治理措施。     

Variable Selection via Generalized SELO-Penalized Cox Regression Models

The seamless-L_0(SELO) penalty is a smooth function that very closely resembles the L_0 penalty, which has been demonstrated theoretically and practically to be effective in nonconvex penalization for variable selection. In this paper, the authors first generalize the SELO penalty to a class of penalties retaining good features of SELO, and then develop variable selection and parameter estimation in Cox models using the proposed generalized SELO(GSELO) penalized log partial likelihood(PPL) approach. The authors show that the GSELO-PPL procedure possesses the oracle property with a diverging number of predictors under certain mild, interpretable regularity conditions. The entire path of GSELO-PPL estimates can be efficiently computed through a smoothing quasi-Newton(SQN) with continuation algorithm. The authors propose a consistent modified BIC(MBIC) tuning parameter selector for GSELO-PPL, and show that under some regularity conditions, the GSELOPPL-MBIC procedure consistently identifies the true model. Simulation studies and real data analysis are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed method.     

The Convergence of Least-Squares Progressive Iterative Approximation for Singular Least-Squares Fitting System

Data fitting is an extensively employed modeling tool in geometric design. With the advent of the big data era, the data sets to be fitted are made larger and larger, leading to more and more leastsquares fitting systems with singular coefficient matrices. LSPIA (least-squares progressive iterative approximation) is an efficient iterative method for the least-squares fitting. However, the convergence of LSPIA for the singular least-squares fitting systems remains as an open problem. In this paper, the authors showed that LSPIA for the singular least-squares fitting systems is convergent. Moreover, in a special case, LSPIA converges to the Moore-Penrose (M-P) pseudo-inverse solution to the leastsquares fitting result of the data set. This property makes LSPIA, an iterative method with clear geometric meanings, robust in geometric modeling applications. In addition, the authors discussed some implementation detail of LSPIA, and presented an example to validate the convergence of LSPIA for the singular least-squares fitting systems.     

高性能膜分离材料、膜过程强化关键技术及装备的研制与应用

针对影响和制约膜分离技术大规模推广应用的关键材料与技术瓶颈,中国科学院过程工程研究所"生化工程介质与设备"创新团队经过多年自主创新,在高性能分离膜材料、膜过程强化关键技术和高效膜分离装备等方面取得了系列科研成果,部分成果在调味品、水处理、中药等行业实现了产业化应用,创造了显著的经济效益和社会效益,为提高我国膜工业研发与应用水平,缩短我国膜分离行业与国外先进水平之间的差距,促进膜分离技术的大规模工业化应用做出了贡献。     

用于低层建筑地基的不同长度和掺量椰壳纤维加筋吹填海砂强度参数试验研究

针对海南吹填海砂压实困难、地基承载能力较低的问题,通过直剪试验对椰壳纤维加筋吹填海砂的刚度和抗剪强度进行了研究.结果表明:在吹填海砂中掺入椰壳纤维能够有效提升吹填海砂的力学性能和地基承载力;加筋效果随椰壳纤维加筋土所受垂直应力的增大而增大;椰壳纤维长度小于5 cm时,椰壳纤维对吹填海砂的抗剪强度和刚度随椰壳纤维长度的增大而增大,在椰壳纤维长度达到8 cm时,抗剪强度和刚度反而下降;椰壳纤维加筋土的刚度和最大剪应力一直随椰壳纤维掺量的增大而增大,内摩擦角在椰壳纤维掺量小于0.3%时随掺量增大而增大,当掺量超过0.3%后内摩擦角无明显变化.     

粉末冶金法制备混杂增强铜基复合材料的增强体竞争析出行为研究

Copper matrix composites reinforced by in situ-formed hybrid titanium boride whiskers (TiB_w) and titanium diboride particles (TiB_2p) were fabricated by powder metallurgy. Microstructural observations showed competitive precipitation behavior between TiB_w and TiB_2p, where the relative contents of the two reinforcements varied with sintering temperature. Based on thermodynamic and kinetic assessments, the precipitation mechanisms of the hybrid reinforcements were discussed, and the formation of both TiB_w and TiB_2p from the local melting zone was thermodynamically favored. The precipitation kinetics were mainly controlled by a solid-state diffusion of B atoms. By forming a compact compound layer, in situ reactions were divided into two stages, where Zener growth and Dybkov growth prevailed, respectively. Accordingly, the competitive precipitation behavior was attributed to the transition of the growth model during the reaction process.     

一种改进的分水岭人脑MR图像分割方法

针对传统分水岭算法分割图像后存在的细节不准确问题,提出了一种改进的分水岭算法.此算法将传统分水岭算法和概率相结合,通过有序队列来实现边界的计算,从而得到分水岭.实验证明,这种算法得到的结果更加准确,对人脑MR图像病灶区的分割非常重要.     

湘中坳陷托山煤矿测水煤系滑脱构造转型

通过对湘中坳陷托山煤矿进行野外地质调查、地质构造研究及矿井内巷道的小断层分析,探讨了逆冲、滑脱构造的特征、形成机理和演化过程.研究结果表明:托山矿区下石炭统测水煤系5煤层具备发育顺层构造的物质条件,属托山煤矿推覆构造潜在主滑面,矿区重力滑覆与挤压推覆并存.滑覆和推覆构造形成于不同时期、不同构造环境中,具有各自的组合形态及演化历史.构造反演显示托山矿区的滑脱构造历经早期逆掩、中期逆冲、晚期反向重力滑脱转型3个不同阶段.     

耦合故障转子系统的降维及动力学特性

比较非线性Galerkin法和标准Galerkin法在处理滚动轴承和不对中、碰摩故障引起复杂非线性问题时的降维效果,并用非线性Galerkin法进一步分析故障转子系统的动力学特性.考虑花键联轴器不对中啮合力,建立不对中-碰摩耦合故障转子-滚动轴承-花键联轴器系统动力学模型,采用两种Galerkin法对转子系统进行降维,并进行数值仿真,利用分岔图和瀑布图等进行对比分析.结果表明:非线性Galerkin法在处理不对中单一故障及不对中-碰摩耦合故障转子系统所得结果均能与未降维系统较好地吻合,而标准Galerkin法所得结果则存在一定差别甚至出现降维方法失效;应用非线性Galerkin法进一步分析故障转子系统发现,尽管降维使故障转子系统的维数减少,但并未改变故障转子的动力学特性,其故障特征信息仍得到保留.