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Obese postmenopausal female volunteers were given timed daily oral dosages of bromocriptine, and tested for reduction of body fat stores. This dopamine agonist has been shown to reset circadian rhythms that are altered in obese animals and to reduce body fat levels in several animal models. The participants were instructed not to alter their existing exercise and eating behavior during treatment. Skinfold measurements were taken on 33 subjects as indices of body fat. The measurements (e.g., suprailiac) were reduced after six weeks by about 25%, which represents a reduction of 11.7% of the total body fat. These dramatic decreases in body fat, which are equivalent to that produced by severe caloric restriction, were accompanied by more modest reductions of body weight (2.5%), indicating a possible conservation of protein that is usually lost as a consequence of such caloric restriction. The effects of bromocriptine treatment on body fat and hyperglycemia were also examined in non-insulin dependent diabetics being treated with oral hypoglycemics (7 subjects) or insulin (7 subjects). Total body fat was reduced by 10.7% and 5.1% in diabetics on oral hypoglycemics and insulin, respectively, without any significant reductions in body weight. Hyperglycemia was reduced in most of the 15 diabetic subjects treated leading to euglycemia and even cessation of hypoglycemic drugs in 3 of the 7 subjects during 4-8 weeks of bromocriptine treatment. These findings support the hypothesis that obesity and type II diabetes may be treated effectively with bromocriptine when administered at the proper times and dosages. 相似文献
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Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} A rodenticide, zinc phosphide, was applied to remove black-tailed prairie dogs ( Cynomys ludovicianus ) from 6 ha of a prairie dog colony in southwestern South Dakota. Another adjacent 6 ha was left untreated. The removal experiment was repeated two consecutive years. Contingency table analysis showed that the resultant population was not homogeneous; age classes by sex of the immigrant and resident subpopulations were different (P 相似文献
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A. H. Meier A. H. Cincotta W. C. Lovell 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1992,48(3):248-253
Obese postmenopausal female volunteers were given timed daily oral dosages of bromocriptine, and tested for reduction of body fat stores. This dopamine agonist has been shown to reset circadian rhythms that are altered in obese animals and to reduce body fat levels in several animal models. The participants were instructed not to alter their existing exercise and eating behavior during treatment. Skinfold measurements were taken on 33 subjects as indices of body fat. The measurements (e.g., suprailiac) were reduced after six weeks by about 25%, which represents a reduction of 11.7% of the total body fat. These dramatic decreases in body fat, which are equivalent to that produced by severe caloric restriction, were accompanied by more modest reductions of body weight (2.5%), indicating a possible conservation of protein that is usually lost as a consequence of such caloric restriction. The effects of bromocriptine treatment on body fat and hyperglycemia were also examined in non-insulin dependent diabetics being treated with oral hypoglycemics (7 subjects) or insulin (7 subjects). Total body fat was reduced by 10.7% and 5.1% in diabetics on oral hypoglycemics and insulin, respectively, without any significant reductions in body weight.Hyperglycemia was reduced in most of the 15 diabetic subjects treated leading to euglycemia and even cessation of hypoglycemic drugs in 3 of the 7 subjects during 4–8 weeks of bromocriptine treatment. These findings support the hypothesis that obesity and type II diabetes may be treated effectively with bromocriptine when administered at the proper times and dosages.This is a process patented by Louisiana State University and licensed to Ergo, Inc., Newport, Rhode island. A. H. Meier and A. H. Cincotta have financial interest in the process. 相似文献
4.
Richard P. Cincotta 《西北部美国博物学家》2011,49(4)
The development of black-tailed prairie dog ( Cynomys ludovicianus ) burrow mounds was monitored for three years. Entrances were flagged at points where a prairie dog was observed digging into the ground (primary entrances, n = 22) and digging out of the ground (secondary entrances, n = 8). In all samples it was observed that primary entrances became dome mounds and secondary entrances crater mounds. It is suggested that, although induced airflow (presently, a popular model) may partly explain the presence of mounds, architectural types (dome vs. crater mounds) are the result of energy constraints associated with building materials that differ at the entrances. 相似文献
5.
Y. Liang T. L. Jetton M. Lubkin A. H. Meier A. H. Cincotta 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1998,54(7):703-711
Dysfunction of pancreatic islets plays a crucial role in the etiology of type II diabetes. Chronic hyperglycaemia or hyperlipidaemia
may impair islet function. Previous studies by our laboratory have demonstrated that dopaminergic agonists ameliorated hyperglycaemia
and hyperlipidaemia in obese and diabetic rodents. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a treatment with the
dopamine D2 /D1 receptor agonists (bromocriptine/SKF38393, BC/SKF) on islet dysfunction in db/db mice. Our results show that a 2-week BC/SKF treatment markedly reduced hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia, and significantly
improved islet dysfunction demonstrated by an increase of secretagogue-stimulated insulin release from islets of db/db mice to levels observed in islets from lean mice. There was also a fourfold increase of insulin content in the pancreas of
BC/SKF-treated db/db mice compared with that in untreated controls. The effect of BC/SKF on islet function cannot be mimicked in pair-fed animals.
BC/SKF had no direct stimulatory effect on islet insulin secretion, suggesting BC/SKF treatment improved islet function via
an indirect mechanism. This treatment markedly improved the abnormally elevated daily levels of corticosterone, blood glucose
and plasma lipids, supporting the view that BC/SKF may affect the neuroendocrine system that in turn regulates peripheral
metabolism and thereby improves islet function.
Received 3 April 1998; accepted 27 April 1998 相似文献
6.
Human population in the biodiversity hotspots 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
Biologists have identified 25 areas, called biodiversity hotspots, that are especially rich in endemic species and particularly threatened by human activities. The human population dynamics of these areas, however, are not well quantified. Here we report estimates of key demographic variables for each hotspot, and for three extensive tropical forest areas that are less immediately threatened. We estimate that in 1995 more than 1.1 billion people, nearly 20% of world population, were living within the hotspots, an area covering about 12% of Earth's terrestrial surface. We estimate that the population growth rate in the hotspots (1995-2000) is 1.8% yr(-1), substantially higher than the population growth rate of the world as a whole (1.3% yr(-1)) and above that of the developing countries (1.6% yr(-1)). These results suggest that substantial human-induced environmental changes are likely to continue in the hotspots and that demographic change remains an important factor in global biodiversity conservation. The results also underline the potential conservation significance of the continuing worldwide declines in human fertility and of policies and programs that influence human migration. 相似文献
7.
Reductions of prolactin secretion by bromocriptine treatment for 24 days reduced fat stores (abdominal and epididymal fat depots) in hamsters by 25-49% compared with control animals. However, body weights and food consumption were not affected. These results further substantiate an important role for prolactin in regulation of fat metabolism and indicate that bromocriptine might be used to decrease fat stores. 相似文献
8.
Summary Reductions of prolactin secretion by bromocriptine treatment for 24 days reduced fat stores (abdominal and epididymal fat depots) in hamsters by 25–49% compared with control animals. However, body weights and food consumption were not affected. These results further substantiate an important role for prolactin in regulation of fat metabolism and indicate that bromocriptine might be used to decrease fat stores. 相似文献
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