干湿循环和吸力对非饱和下蜀土力学特性影响的试验研究

为研究干湿循环和吸力共同作用对非饱和下蜀土力学特性的影响,选取镇江某边坡的下蜀土为研究对象,通过非饱和直剪试验,对不同干湿循环次数及吸力水平下下蜀土力学特性的变化规律进行了研究.结果 表明:随着干湿循环次数的增加,下蜀土表面裂隙明显增加并具有不可逆性;下蜀土的抗剪强度经短暂增大后逐渐降低,并在第4次干湿循环作用后趋于稳定;下蜀土的黏聚力在经历短暂提高后逐渐降低并趋于稳定,而其内摩擦角则随干湿循环次数的增加变化幅度较小,呈上下波动态势;相同干湿循环次数下,吸力的存在对于下蜀土的黏聚力具有提升作用,而对土体内摩擦角的影响则不明显.研究结果可为干湿循环作用下下蜀土边坡的稳定性分析提供计算参数,具有实际工程意义.     

Defining G protein-coupled receptor peptide ligand expressomes and signalomes in human and mouse islets

Introduction

Islets synthesise and secrete numerous peptides, some of which are known to be important regulators of islet function and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we quantified mRNAs encoding all peptide ligands of islet G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in isolated human and mouse islets and carried out in vitro islet hormone secretion studies to provide functional confirmation for the species-specific role of peptide YY (PYY) in mouse islets.

Materials and methods

GPCR peptide ligand mRNAs in human and mouse islets were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR relative to the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, PPIA, TBP and TFRC. The pathways connecting GPCR peptide ligands with their receptors were identified by manual searches in the PubMed, IUPHAR and Ingenuity databases. Distribution of PYY protein in mouse and human islets was determined by immunohistochemistry. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion from islets was measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

We have quantified GPCR peptide ligand mRNA expression in human and mouse islets and created specific signalomes mapping the pathways by which islet peptide ligands regulate human and mouse GPCR signalling. We also identified species-specific islet expression of several GPCR ligands. In particular, PYY mRNA levels were ~ 40,000-fold higher in mouse than human islets, suggesting a more important role of locally secreted Pyy in mouse islets. This was confirmed by IHC and functional experiments measuring insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

Discussion

The detailed human and mouse islet GPCR peptide ligand atlases will allow accurate translation of mouse islet functional studies for the identification of GPCR/peptide signalling pathways relevant for human physiology, which may lead to novel treatment modalities of diabetes and metabolic disease.

     

The Life-Cycle Model with Optimal Retiring Age and Simulation

In this paper, a life-cycle model with retirement is set up to study how an individual chooses the optimal retiring age on account of wage growth rate, longevity and healthy state. It is proved that there exists optimal retiring age under given conditions. The numerical simulations are given to show how wage growth rate, longevity and healthy state affect retiring age.     

财经类高校大学生应用科技能力培养新模式

近年来,随着社会经济的不断快速发展,社会对于人才的需求也有了更高的要求.针对当前财经类人才的需求与供给之间,市场的大量需求与财经类人才就业难同时存在等愈加明显的矛盾,该文就当前财经类高校本科教育中所存在的不足和弊端,以国内外研究为基础,针对学生应用科技能力的培养,提出了"两个结合、三个模块"和"五个方向"的"2+3+5"组织教学模式体系,并对金融工程专业学生实施了实证教学分析和调查研究.在"2+3+5"培养模式下,金融工程专业学生的创新、应用科技能力以及综合素质均得到了较大的提高.     

慢跑鞋的足底压强分析与功能评价

采用德国Novel公司的Pedar鞋垫式(in-sole)足底压力测量系统,对6款适合于健身长跑和中长跑运动员训练或公路比赛所穿的慢跑鞋和1款体操鞋(模拟赤足状态)进行3个速度下的足底压强测量.通过步态周期(TGC)、最大地面反作用力(Fmax)、最大足底压强(pmax)、力量-时间积分值(∫Fdt)以及压强-时间积分值(∫pdt)等参数的分析,对各款运动鞋的功能特性进行了初步评价,建立了初步的评价标准.     

A MULTI-ATTRIBUTE LARGE GROUP EMERGENCY DECISION MAKING METHOD BASED ON GROUP PREFERENCE CONSISTENCY OF GENERALIZED INTERVAL-VALUED TRAPEZOIDAL FUZZY NUMBERS

In this paper,a new decision making approach is proposed for the multi-attribute large group emergency decision-making problem that attribute weights are unknown and expert preference information is expressed by generalized interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy numbers(GITFNs).Firstly,a degree of similarity formula between GITFNs is presented.Secondly,expert preference information on different alternatives is clustered into several aggregations via the fuzzy clustering method.As the clustering proceeds,an index of group preference consistency is introduced to ensure the clustering effect,and then the group preference information on different alternatives is obtained.Thirdly,the TOPSIS method is used to rank the alternatives.Finally,an example is taken to show the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach.These method can ensure the consistency degree of group preference,thus decision efficiency of emergency response activities can be improved.     

关于常州社区成员学习心理的调查分析

目前,常州市社区教育的发展已经取得了显著的成绩,走在全省、乃至全国的前列。常州开放大学是常州市社区教育推展的重要协调、指导机构。为了给常州市民提供更加优质的社区教育服务,常州开放大学对常州社区成员学习心理进行了问卷调查,主要内容包括社区成员对社区教育课程、教学、组织管理等方面的学习心理分析。     

基于社交关系的问答系统及最佳回答者推荐技术

近年来,社区问答服务系统(CQA)越来越受到人们的欢迎,但随着提问规模的膨胀,获得回答的问题比重逐步降低,且答案质量无法得到保障.为了提高问答系统中问题被解答的概率,并提升答案可信度,文中提出了基于社交关系相似度的社交问答系统(SQA),主动寻找与提问者社交关系紧密且能够回答问题的用户,并提出了针对提问者与最佳回答者的推荐方法.实验结果表明,在主观性强或实时性强等问题集上,文中方法能更快地得到让提问者满意的答案.     

农药氯氰菊酯对土体基本性质影响的室内试验研究

为了研究有机氯农药对土体基本性质的影响,配制了不同浓度的氯氰菊酯农药污染土试样.对不同龄期的污染土样分别进行了颗粒分析、液塑限、p H值、电阻率测试、扫描电镜(SEM)等试验.结果显示,农药污染土的黏粒组分随农药掺量增加而增大;液限和塑限随污染物浓度增加而增大,塑性指数随浓度增加呈先增大后稳定的趋势;不同龄期试样的p H值随污染物浓度的增加而减小,变化幅度相似;同一龄期污染土的电阻率随农药掺量的增加而减小,在28 d龄期时电阻率最大;SEM试验发现,试样在1~56 d龄期时,孔隙先增大后减小,在28 d龄期时孔隙最大.同时分析了产生这些变化的原因,为有机污染物污染土体的原位测试研究提供了基础.     

带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土短柱偏压工作机理

为研究带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土短柱偏压的工作机理,采用考虑材料泊松比变化、钢管和核心混凝土界面作用及钢管残余应力的有限元模型,利用有限元软件ABAQUS对其偏压受力全过程进行分析.从横向变形、荷载-竖向位移曲线、核心混凝土纵向应力分布、钢管与核心混凝土的相互作用、约束拉杆的影响等方面讨论了带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土短柱偏压工作机理.结果表明:有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合较好;设置约束拉杆可减小构件的横向挠曲变形,改变截面的变形模态,增强钢管对核心混凝土的约束效应,提高短柱的偏压承载力和延性;约束拉杆间距越小,短柱的延性越好,偏压承载力越大;泊松比对短柱偏压承载力具有一定影响,残余应力则对其几乎无影响.