面向货车编队的水泥混凝土路面结构拓扑优化设计及验证

货车编队的渠化交通荷载对路面结构提出了高承载力及精细化设计需求。结合拓扑优化理论，基于变密度法、拓扑梯度法与移动渐近线法，提出了面向水泥混凝土路面的结构拓扑优化算法；分析货车编队轮迹偏移特征，利用数值计算设计了面向货车编队的水泥混凝土路面拓扑优化原型结构；从力学性能角度通过室内缩尺试验探究了拓扑优化原型结构的合理性。结果表明，对于轮迹零偏移和15 cm偏移范围的两种荷载分布，拓扑优化原型结构最大疲劳应力分别为传统结构的45.0%和37.5%，同时其质量分别为传统结构的34.3%和30.5%；试验测得的拓扑优化原型结构的最大疲劳应力与理论计算值相近，且相较于传统结构，其极限承载力提升了18.3%，证明了设计方法的有效性。     

Enhanced Removal of Tetracycline from Aqueous Solution by Graphene Oxide Hydrogel Doped with TiO_2 Nanotubes

The detection on tetracycline( TC) in drinking water poses an environmental issue since TC has been widely used to prevent animal disease and promote their growth. In addition,TC was difficult to remove or biodegrade,which posed a challenge to the conventional techniques. In this work,the batch experiments on TC adsorption in aqueous solution of hydrogel( HG) consisting of graphene oxide( GO) and TiO_2 nanotubes( TN) were successfully conducted. HG composite( HG-TN-GO) was prepared with TN and GO with self-assembly method during the oxidation-reduction reaction,and criogel( CG) with TN and GO was characterized by pH at point of zero charge( pH_(pzc)), transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy( XPS). The adsorption capacity of HG-TN-GO on TC was evaluated by analyzing its isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 751. 3 mg/g. Besides,the adsorption isotherms were well fitted by the Langmuir model, with the theoretical maximum( q_m) of 797. 0 mg/g. The adsorption process was systematically studied by varying pH during the whole adsorption process. The adsorption occurred probably via π-π interaction and cation-π bonding between TC and the HG-TN-GO surface. The composite could be regenerated in 50% ethanol aqueous solution,without significant capacity loss. After 6 recycles,the decrease of adsorption capacity was less than 10%.     

刚性铺面的平衡刚度设计理念与原型结构

针对传统刚性铺面结构在设计年限内板边、角易开裂的问题,基于美国国家机场铺面测试中心的CC1和CC2试验段的测试结果,结合Westergaard的理论解,提出了结构刚度概念与刚性铺面结构平衡刚度设计理念,即增加铺面板边、角的结构刚度,使整个铺面板在板边、板角和板中3个荷位处的结构刚度处于平衡状态。随后,通过CC6足尺加速加载试验,验证了基于平衡刚度设计理念的铺面结构可以有效缓解和预防板边、角裂缝的产生,并且设有刚性基层的等厚度面层板可以达到同样的效果。最终,结合平衡刚度设计理念及试验结果,提出了平衡刚度刚性铺面结构的一般形式,同时考虑工程应用设计了一种基于平衡刚度设计的刚性铺面的原型结构。研究成果可为刚性铺面结构的平衡刚度设计提供理论基础。