Graft of Polybutylene Terephthalate Meltblown Nonwovens by Plasma Initiation and Their Surface Performance

Main factors affecting the low temperature plasma initia-tion and graft modification of acrylic acid onto polybuty-lene terephthalate(PBT)meltblown nonwovens are stud-ied.The relations between hydrophilic performance ofthe product and plasma power,treating time,andmonomer concentration are investigated.The surfaceperformances of grafted products are analyzed.It is ob-tained that hydrophilic performance of PBT nonwovens isgreatly improved due to the etching of the plasma andthe introduction of polar groups so as to meet the needsof leukocyte depleting materials.     

加强筋复合非织造材料撕裂破坏机理的研究

对以玻璃纤维网格为加强筋的复合非织造材料进行了撕裂和拉伸断裂试验，分析了网格与复合材料的撕裂机理，探讨了网格和复合材料的撕裂强力与断裂强力的关系。     

熔喷模头双缝形喷嘴纺丝线上的气流变化

通过引入喷嘴头端宽度与气缝宽度的比值这一参数，建立了熔喷双缝形喷嘴流场纺丝线上气流速度、温度变化的经验方程，是以往经验方程的进一步完善。使用该经验方程结合熔喷理论模型进行了纤维最终直径的预测，实际预测结果证明了所建经验方程的正确性和可靠性。     

聚四氟乙烯微孔膜/双组分熔喷材料复合空气滤材的制备与过滤性能

以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)微孔膜作为过滤层,聚酯/聚丙烯(PET/PP)双组分熔喷材料作为支撑层,通过非织造热轧技术制备一种空气过滤器用PTFE微孔膜/(PET/PP)双组分熔喷材料复合滤材。讨论了复合滤材的制备工艺,并研究了过滤层(PTFE微孔膜)、支撑层(熔喷材料)和热轧工艺对复合滤材过滤性能的影响。结果表明:制备的复合滤材具有优良的过滤性能,随着双组分熔喷材料中聚丙烯(PP)纤维体积分数的增加,复合滤材的过滤阻力上升;复合滤材的过滤性能主要由PTFE微孔膜提供;热轧工艺对复合滤材的结构和过滤性能都有影响;当PET/PP双组分熔喷材料中PET纤维与PP纤维体积比为30/70、热辊温度为150℃、线速度为8 m/min、辊间压力为180N/cm2时,复合滤材的滤效达到99.95%,滤阻为350Pa。     

MELT-BLOWN NONWOVEN FOR AIR FILTRATION

The technical parameters and the structural factors of melt-blown nonwovens used as filteringmedium are analysed,the orientation of particles filtered in a filter is described,and the optimalparameters for air filtration are obtained.The results are shown as follows:the ratio of tenacity oflongitudinal to cross direction has a close agreement with the random coefficient of fiber arrange-ment in practice;large particles are most likely trapped on the surface of a filter,and smaller parti-cles are filtered throughout the depth of a filter,and the deeper,the smaller;moreover,higher fil-tering efficiency and lower pressure drop can be effected through the optimization of parameters.     

高收缩涤纶应用于合成革基布的探讨

高收缩涤纶是国内新研制成功的具有极高收缩率的新型纤维。本文是利用高收缩涤纶这一特性,分别通过20个不同方案进行试样制和性能测试,通过数据分析处理,其结果表明:在实验条件下,将高收缩涤纶运用于合成革基布,切实可行,并得到高致密度、平整度、合理的物理机械性能的合成革基布的最优工艺参数。     

改性二氧化钛/纺黏-熔喷非织造抗菌复合滤材的制备及性能

改性二氧化钛(TiO_2)纳米颗粒通过在线和离线法分别负载到聚丙烯熔喷和聚乙烯/聚酯皮芯型双组分纺黏非织造材料上,再将两种材料复合后可制备成高效抗菌的室内空气过滤材料。借助扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪来表征其微观形貌和组成成分,并利用自动滤料仪、电子织物强力仪以及振荡法分别测试复合滤材的滤效和压降、力学性能以及抗菌性能。结果表明:改性TiO_2纳米颗粒被成功沉积在纤维表面,且不同TiO_2负载量会对纤维的形貌产生影响;复合滤材的纺黏层在强力拉伸中起主要作用;当纺黏材料和熔喷材料的TiO_2负载质量分数分别为20%和15%时,复合滤材的综合空气过滤性能较好,其在紫外光照条件下对大肠杆菌(E.Coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的抑菌率高达99.07%和99.27%。     

加固工艺及组分对PPS/PTFE复合耐高温滤料性能的影响

以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜裂长丝为基布,将聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维和PTFE纤维按不同质量比混合,经过针刺得到具有一定强力的纤网,再通过高压水针作用使纤网内的纤维缠结紧实,并研究工艺参数以及面层组分对PPS/PTFE复合滤料力学性能及过滤性能的影响.结果表明:经水刺之后,材料的纵向强力稍优于经针刺固结后的强力,但横向强力有所下降,且平均孔径小于针刺样品;对于水刺样品而言,PTFE纤维含量越大,其透气率、强力、孔径下降程度越大,由此说明与针刺相比,水刺固结工艺不仅可以得到相同的缠结效果,且可以适当提高材料的过滤性能,同时,混入PTFE纤维可以提高材料的过滤效率.     

静电纺沟槽结构亚微米纤维复合膜的过滤性能

采用静电纺制备了沟槽结构亚微米纤维膜,使用两层聚丙烯(PP)熔喷非织造布作为支撑材料,得到"三明治"沟槽结构亚微米纤维复合膜.对沟槽结构亚微米纤维复合膜的物理特征及过滤效率进行表征,并分析面密度与过滤效率之间的关系.研究表明:沟槽结构亚微米纤维复合膜的过滤效率可以达到98.55%,而压降仅为195Pa;随着面密度的增加,沟槽结构亚微米纤维复合膜的过滤效率先增加后趋于平缓,压降上升,品质因数先上升后下降.     

Study on the Leukocyte Filtration Model of Nonwoven Media

The filtration coefficient before filtration (λ-0)is intro-duced and a mathematical model for the leukocyte filtra-tion process, which relates to the filtration efficieney,capacity and leukoeyte concentration, filter thickness and fliter surface area, is established according to the mass balance for particles in a filter and the particle concen-tration decrease per unit of filter depth. The model can be uded to calculate the filtration efficiency or capacity.It is found that the filtration performance observed dur-ing the experiments could be explained well by the mod-el.The established model can be applied to the design and optimization of ungrafted and grafted melt blown nonwoven filtration materials.