Analysis of Top Chinese Contractors’ Developmental Tracks and Evaluation of Their Strategic Selection of International Construction Markets

The past decade has witnessed a rapid development of the international construction market. This research aims to investigate top Chinese contractors＇ developmental tracks and evaluate their strategic selection of international construction markets over the period from 2001 to 2006, based on the modified Boston Consulting Group Matrix （BCG）. Results from 2001 to 2005 indicate that Asia and Africa, which were ＂question marks＂ markets for top Chinese contractors （abbreviated as TCCs） , have the most potential to become ＂stars＂ markets; other question marks markets such as the Middle East and Europe are found not to be of potential; ＂dogs＂ markets such as the U. S. , Canada and Latin America should be relinquished progressively unless there is renewed growth opportunity over the next two years. Compared to developmental tracks of top contractors from some advanced countries, TCCs＇ investment and development strategy in Africa seems to be sustainable and intensive ; TCCs＇ exit strategy for the Middle East appears deter- mined and swift, while their strategy in Asia seems to be lacking in persistence. Furthermore, the data of 2006 indicates that TCCs improve their performance in Asia and Africa, and Africa has become a ＂stars＂ market for TCCs. This research sheds important lights and insights into the prevailing process of internationalization of TCCs and provides a strategic direction for their selection of international construction market. What is more, this research is also valuable to other Chinese contractors who are seeking the opportunity to enter the international construction markets.     

地铁工程Near-miss知识库构建

针对目前地铁施工的安全管理问题,引入Near-miss(未遂事件或险兆事件)概念,构建出地铁工程的Near-miss知识库.首先,分析了地铁工程Near-miss知识的5种来源,并通过对地铁工程事故数据库的分析,得到地铁工程Near-miss知识.然后,从人员身份、机械状态、材料状态、环境状况和相互位置等5个方面对地铁工程Near-miss知识进行框架表示,并根据其特点,研究地铁工程Near-miss知识库的逻辑结构.最后,采用具有成熟管理技术的关系数据库,将Near-miss知识存储于关系数据库表中,实现了知识库和关系数据库的耦合.一个完善的地铁工程Near-miss知识库的构建,将有助于促进地铁施工安全管理能力的提高,减少地铁事故的发生.     

险兆事件管理系统在地铁施工安全管理中的应用

为了防止地铁事故的发生,以地铁施工中的Near-miss为研究对象,构建Near-miss管理系统(NMMS),促进地铁施工安全管理水平.阐述了地铁施工中Near-miss的具体含义,再从安全金字塔模型出发,比较了Near-miss和事故的内在关系.通过分析其他行业NMMS,结合地铁施工特点,构建适合地铁施工安全管理的NMMS.以具体Near-miss为例,阐述NMMS实施流程.上述基于Near-miss安全管理方法,是管理方式从“问题出发型”向“问题发现型”的转变,将有助于从根本上解决地铁施工安全管理问题.     

施工现场安全危险源实时监控与安全风险预测方法研究

对国内外建筑业施工现场安全风险的研究进行了文献综述,针对目前研究的不足之处,提出了施工现场安全危险源实时监控和安全风险实时预测的示意性模型,并详细解释了该模型的含义和方法。研究将提供一种基于前馈信号的施工现场安全危险源实时监控和安全风险实时预测的方法;并通过将现有研究的视角引入到施工现场关键安全危险源的前馈信号上,为进一步的研究打下良好的理论基础。