Differential utilization of bat boxes by house wrens ( Troglodytes aedon )

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Pine boxes nailed to trees in four habitat types in southeastern Utah as roosting sites for bats proved ineffective for bats but were utilized by house wrens in all but one habitat. Boxes were most often utilized in the aspen habitat. Hypotheses to account for differential utilization are presented.       

光学相干层析成像系统与实验研究

从光学相干层析成像(OCT)系统结构出发,介绍了OCT系统的成像原理,组建了OCT系统,实现生物组织表面的层析扫描成像,并对系统的性能和结果做了分析。     

Population structure and paternity in an American black bear ( Ursus americanus ) population using microsatellite DNA

We report genetic microsatellite data from analysis of 71 American black bears ( Ursus americanus ) from the East Tavaputs Plateau in eastern Utah. Heterozygosity was 52.9%, which is lower than other mainland North American populations and possibly reflects low recruitment into the study area. We used a combination of known pedigrees (mother/cubs), relatedness estimates, and paternity estimation using CERVUS to infer single and possible multiple paternity within litters, breeding by pairs over consecutive years, and the possibility of a single male successfully breeding with multiple females in a single year. Estimates of inbreeding effective population size indicate the East Tavaputs Plateau population is part of a larger black bear population.     

阳离子淀粉的合成及其应用

阳离子淀粉是一类重要的淀粉衍生物,迄今已有40余年的研究开发历史。由于它的独特性质、在造纸、水处理、纺织、医用以及石油化学等领域获得了广泛的应用。本文就阳离子淀粉的合成方法、结构、品类以及相关的应用诸问题作概要的介绍。     

石羊河流域祁连山区基于地形因子的降水面域化处理

利用祁连山西段北坡34个观测站点29年的实测平均降水量,从30m、90m、1km、2km、5km、7.5km、10km 7种分辨率DEM中提取坡度、坡向、局部最大高程、局部最小高程、局部平均高程、局部高差等地形因子,分析不同分辨率下地形因子与降水的相关性,并利用多项式回归+残差插值法进行降水面域化处理.结果表明,最佳DEM分辨率是2km,插值结果百分比误差在10%以内.降水随海拔升高而线性递增,递增速率为18mm/100m,最大降水高度点海拔在3 400m左右,降水量最大达到853mm/a,是地形抬升及"狭管效应"共同作用的结果.     

合成氨厂制冷方式的选择

本文介绍了氨吸收制冷工艺和压缩制冷工艺,并对两种工艺进行了比较。氨吸收制冷可以回收余热,节省电能;氨压缩制冷设备投资低。     

Selection of ants by the American black bear ( Ursus americanus )

We examined selection of ants as food by black bears ( Ursus americanus ) in Utah by comparing the genera of ants we sampled from study plots in 5 vegetation types with those found in bear scats. In the plots we found 641 ant colonies representing 18 genera. Five genera comprised 85% of all colonies sampled: Formica, Lasius, Camponotus, Tapinoma, and Myrmica . Thirteen genera were found in scats, but 99% were composed of the same 5 listed above. Limited utilization of some ant genera by black bears may reflect body size, colony size, nest type, and presence or absence of a functional sting. Fifty-three percent of all ant colonies in sample plots were found under rocks. Energy values of ants ranged from 4.9 to 6.2 cal · g -1 dry weight. Pupae of Formica and Camponotus contained slightly more fat than respective workers, but the relationship was reversed for Lasius . Pupal cases were found in 33% of the scats, and bears may prefer ant brood because they are more digestible than adults and lack mechanisms of defense. Ants are a predictable and ubiquitous food source for black bears.     

鹌鹑巴氏杆菌人工发病试验及病理形态学观察

作者选用禽多杀性巴氏杆菌(C_(48-1))株人工发病试验,结果表明:鹌鹑对禽多杀性巴氏杆菌具有强的易感性,不论是经消化道还是肌肉注射均导致急性感染经过。同时发现,24小时内死亡者均为败血症死亡,超过24小时死亡者,实质器官具有一定的特征性病变。从组织学检查还发现,组织坏死性变化似乎由一单细胞坏死发展到多个细胞坏死的不同程度的演变过程。     

Carboxypeptidase E and thrombospondin-1 are differently expressed in subcutaneous and visceral fat of obese subjects

The aim of this study was to identify candidate genes for visceral obesity by screening for genes strongly differentially expressed between human subcutaneous and visceral adipose depots. A cDNA microarray with human adipose-derived cDNAs was used as an initial screening to identify genes that are potentially differentially expressed between human subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat tissues. For the two best candidates, carboxypeptidase E (CPE) and thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) (EST N72406), real-time RT-PCR was performed to confirm their depot specific expression in extremely obese individuals. Both genes appeared to be strongly differentially expressed, having a higher expression in the visceral depot than in the subcutaneous one. For THBS1, the difference in expression between the depots was greater in women than in men. The involvement of CPE and THBS1 in obesity allows us to suggest that the physiological processes controlled by these genes contribute to depot and gender-related differences in the metabolic complications of obesity. Received 7 August 2002; received after revision 19 Septemer 2002; accepted 24 September 2002