兰州冬季气溶胶的谱特征及其折射率

从兰州冬季气溶胶的实测资料出发，分析得到兰州冬季气溶胶的粒径质量谱呈双峰特征，在近地面和６００ｍ高度谱相似，而质量浓度则有明显的日变化。在假设气溶胶质量密度随粒径不变时，气溶胶气地面层的谱分布可根据其粒径质量谱的特征拟合成Ｊｕｎｇｅ谱加Ｄｅｉｒｍｅｎｄｊｉａｎ谱形式的双谱模式。     

The possible pivotal role of the eastward dust transport from Central Asia in the global temperature decrease

It is generally considered that the occurrence of glacial-interglacial gyrations can be explained with the Milankovitch theory. However, the solutions of some problems in the theory are currently not derived yet. After researching the eastward dust transport from Central Asia, we have found that there is a positive feedback mechanism between the eastward dust transport and the global temperature decrease. This magnifies the effect of solar radiation change in the high-latitude Hemisphere, and results in area of the Northern the occurrence of the global glacial epoch. The positive feedback mechanism starts with the reduction of solar radiation in the high-latitude area of the Northern Hemisphere. Subsequently, the global temperature decreases and global glacial epoch occurs, in which the pivotal fac- tor is the eastward dust transport from Central Asia. With the theory of the positive feedback mechanism, some problems in the Milankovitch theory can be solved well.     

“仿射对应”用于画法几何的基本问题论述

画法几何中，图示平面的正面和水平投影，构成一对仿射对应的特款—亲似对应的关系。应用这一对应的观点和方法，有助于画法几何解题。本文旨在对画法几何中这种对应关系的几个基本问题作进一步较为系统和深入的论述     

宁夏灌区不同种植年限及方式温室土壤磷素的变化特点

根据宁夏灌区温室的分布状况,采集了不同种植年限和不同种植方式温室表层(0~20 cm)和剖面(0~120 cm)土壤,分析了土壤全磷和速效磷含量的变化特点.结果表明,温室表层土壤全磷含量随种植年限的延长呈曲线增加,但在连作条件下6 a以后呈下降趋势;表层以下层次全磷含量与大田土壤基本一致;轮作土壤全磷含量高于连作土壤,所有温室土壤全磷含量明显高于大田土壤.土壤表层速效磷含量随种植年限的延长也呈增加趋势,种植9 a时出现高峰值,之后逐渐下降;表层以下层次速效磷含量与大田土壤基本一致,但温室土壤整个剖面的速效磷含量明显高于大田土壤;连作土壤速效磷含量高于轮作土壤.相关分析表明,不论轮作还是连作,温室土壤表层磷素含量及其累积量明显高于下层,表层出现磷素富集现象,在今后确定施磷量时应重点予以考虑.     

基于系统响应瞬时特性的非线性系统识别

在Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolski(KBM)法的基础上,提出一种基于系统响应瞬时特性的非线性系统识别方法.该方法通过建立系统响应瞬时特性与系统参数之间的函数关系,从而一次性识别出所有系统参数.采用归一化Hilbert变换(normalized Hilbert transform,NHT)和广义过零(generalized zero-crossing,GZC)法求解信号瞬时振幅和瞬时频率,通过算例验证了两种方法的效果.以Duffing方程和Vanderpol方程两类非线性振动系统为例,验证了所提系统识别方法的精度.算例表明,即使在系统响应受到较大噪声污染时,该方法也有很好的识别精度.     

一种调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)等效阻尼力测量方法

建立了结构安装调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)减振装置的力学简化模型,基于Den Hartog给出的经验公式设计参数,提出了一种可以直接测量结构与TMD之间作用力(称为等效阻尼力)的半实物实验新型测试系统.该系统可测试TMD的力学特性,重现在真实环境荷载激励下海洋平台的响应.介绍了该实验系统的原理及等效阻尼力的测量方法,并在正弦位移输入下,对实测的等效阻尼力与计算值进行了比较,发现两者数值大小近似相等,验证了该系统的可行性.     

受演变随机地震激励结构的时变功率谱分析

将受演变随机地震激励的结构响应自谱密度与互谱密度计算归结为简单统一的算式，并以两个多自由度例题对方法予以直观的说明，通过计算效率的比较，表明对这类问题，使用Ｎｅｗｍａｒｋ逐步积分法比之使用Ｄｕｈａｍｅｌ积分可以得到更好的效果。     

Respondence and feedback of modern sand deserts to climate change--A case study in Gurbantunggut Desert

The research on the respondence and feedback of modern sand deserts to the climate change is an important component part in the studies on the global climate change. Deserts respond to the climate change, meanwhile, they affect the climate with their feedback of peculiar environment during the respondence. Many researches on desert climate have been carried out at home and abroad. However, there is little research on the respondence and feedback of modern fixed, semi-fixed and mobile deserts in arid areas to the climate change, in which the factor analysis as well as the parameter changing effects is especially the difficult problem all along. In this note, the parameters of the respondence and feedback of Gurbantunggut Desert to the climate change are measured and analyzed, some variable parameters of water-heat exchange are obtained, and a numerical model of desertification is developed according to a series of climate change of about 40 years and the variable relations of meteorological and physical features of the sand surface in Gurbantunggut Desert.     

宁夏引黄灌区温室土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性与土壤肥力因素的关系

选择了宁夏引黄灌区17个有代表性的温室,采集表层土壤样品（0～15cm）测定了其脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性及有机质和养分的含量,并进行了相关和通径分析,研究了温室土壤2种酶活性与土壤肥力因素之间的关系.结果表明,供试土壤脲酶活性与其全氮、硝态氮、速效磷含量之间呈显著正相关,土壤养分因素对脲酶活性的影响主要表现在直接效应上,但也有间接影响.土壤过氧化氢酶活性与其有机质、碱解氮、硝态氮含量之间呈显著正相关,土壤有机质对过氧化氢酶活性的影响主要表现在直接效应上,而土壤养分因素主要通过间接效应影响过氧化氢酶的活性.     

新疆气候转型及其对全球变化的影响

随着全球变暖趋势的发展，新疆气候也发生着相应转变，主要表现在：气温上升；降水增加；冰川消融；河川径流增加；湖泊水位上升，面积扩大；洪水灾害频繁；沙土暴天气减少；土壤盐渍化趋势加重等。气候转型的原因可能是，空气中水汽增加和有利的天气形势；全球显变暖驱动水循环加快。