Preparation of Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode and its application in pentachlorophenol photoelectrocatalytic degradation

Zn-doped titanium oxide （TiO2） nanotubes electrode was prepared on a titanium plate by direct anodic oxidation and immersing method in sequence. Field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM） showed that the Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes were well aligned and organized into high density uniform arrays with diameter ranging from 50 to 90 nm. The length and the thickness were about 200 and 15 nm respectively. TiO2 anatase phase was identified by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy （XPS） indicated that Zn ions were mainly located on the surface of TiO2 nanotubes in form of ZnO clusters. Compared with TiO2 nanotubes electrode, about 20 nm red shift in the spectrum of UV-vis absorption was observed. The degradation of pentachlorophenol （PCP） in aqueous solution under the same condition （initial concentration of PCP： 20 mg/L; concentration of Na2SO4：0.01 mol/L and pH： 7.03） was carried out using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode and TiO2 nanotubes electrode. The degradation rates of PCP using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode were found to be twice and 5.8 times as high as that using TiO2 nanotubes electrode by UV radiation （400 μw/cm^2） and visible light radiation （4500 μw/cm^2）, respectively. 73.5% of PCP was removed using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode against 45.5% removed using TiO2 nanotubes electrode in 120 min under UV radiation. While under visible light radiation, the degradation efficiency of PCP was 18.4% using Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode against 3.2% using TiO2 nanotubes electrode in 120 min. The optimum concentration of Zn doping was found to be 0.909%. The PCP degradation efficiencies of the 10 repeated experiments by Zn-doped TiO2 nanotubes electrode were rather stable with the deviation within 3.0%.     

一种适用于电容式触摸屏的控制器

该文介绍一种适用于电容式触摸屏的控制器电路，该控制器由8751单片机系统及相应的触摸感应电路组成，阐明了电容式触摸屏的结构和控制器的硬件电路及各部分的功能，以及确定触摸位置坐标的原理与方法。利用该控制器可以获得手指在屏上触摸的位置和触摸轻重度信息，通过串行口或并行口将信息传送给计算机，基于这些信息可以设计用户应用程序。该控制器电路及相应的控制软件已全部实现。     

An engraved artifact from Shuidonggou, an Early Late Paleolithic Site in Northwest China

Cognition and symbolic thinking are viewed as important features of modern human behavior.Engraved objects are seen as a hallmark of cognition and symbolism,and even as evidence for language.Accumulated evidences including engraved bones,ochre,ostrich eggshells and stone artifacts were unearthed from Africa,Europe,Levant even Siberia Paleolithic sites.But the archaeological evidence for this,including beads,ornaments,burials,performed objects and engraved objects,is rarely discovered in the Pleistocene of East Asia.The present paper reports an engraved stone object unearthed in the Early Late Paleolithic levels about 30 ka BP at the Shuidonggou site(SDG) in northwestern China.It was unearthed in the 1980’s excavation from Lower culture unit of SDG1 but was identified in 2011 when the first author of this article observed the collection from the 1980’s excavations stored in the Institute of Archaeology of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for further detailed lithic analysis.This lithic artifact is the first engraved non-organic object of the Paleolithic period found in China.In order to clarify the details of the incisions and to document the human intentional modifications,we used a KEYENCE VHX-600 Digital Microscope to measure and observe all the incisions in 3-dimensional perspective.Comparing the natural cracks and analyzing many details of the incisions,we argue that incisions on this stone artifact are the result of intentional behaviors by ancient humans.Also,we exclude the possible other causes including animal-induced damages,post-depositional phenomenon and unintentional by-products.Combining all these features,we suggest that the incisions were made by an intentional behavior and were probably of a non-utilitarian character.Because the nature of most other engraved objects in China is debate,we cannot get a clear scenario of the emergence and progress of modern human behavior in North China.But we infer the possible existence of a counting or recording system,or other symbolic behaviors,which reflect considerably evolved cognitive capacities or modern human behavior in the Early Late Paleolithic of East Asia.     

原位观察电子束辐照下双壁碳纳米管的不稳定性

室温下利用高分辨透射电子显微镜原位观察了两端固定和一端固定、另一端自由的双壁碳纳米管在电子束辐照下的结构不稳定性.实验发现,在相同辐照条件下,两端固定的双壁碳纳米管首先径向持续均匀收缩,然后局部颈缩,最后在颈缩处断裂;一端固定、另一端自由的双壁碳纳米管轴向长度持续快速缩小,而径向收缩相对缓慢.我们利用最近提出的表面纳米曲率效应和能量束诱导非热激活效应基础上新发展的碳原子"融蒸"和"扩散"机制,对上述电子束辐照下双壁碳纳米管结构不稳定现象进行了全新、合理的解释.     

检测巯基物质的光学探针研究进展

巯基物质是生物体内主要的抗氧化剂,并以多种形式广泛存在.定量检测巯基物质在生化研究和相关疾病诊断方面意义突出.目前,利用高选择性、高灵敏度的光学探针开展巯基物质的检测研究已成为前沿课题之一.其中,荧光探针由于能够实现活体的原位、实时成像尤其受到关注.本文基于光学探针与巯基物质(主要包括谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸和高半胱氨酸)的不同反应机理,就近年来该领域的研究新进展做了较系统的评述.所涉及的反应机理主要有:双键的麦克尔加成、苯环的亲核取代、金属的配位络合、巯基物质参与的氧化反应和成环反应、以及静电作用等.此外,还讨论了检测巯基物质的光学探针存在的问题,并展望了其发展趋势与应用前景.     

The carbon isotopic compositions of Non-methane Hydrocarbons in atmosphere

Carbon isotopic compositions of atmospheric Non-methane Hydrocarbons(NMHCs) in the urban areas of Taiyuan and Lanzhou in summer were reported and the sources of NMHCs are discussed.Carbon isotopic ratios(δ 13C) of vehicle exhaust,coal-combustion exhaust,fuel volatiles and cooking exhaust were also measured with thermal desorption-gas chromatography-isotope ratio-mass spectrometry(TD-GC-IR-MS).δ 13C values of NMHCs in the urban areas of Lanzhou and Taiyuan range from-32.3‰ to-22.3‰ and from-32.8‰ to-18.1‰.δ ...     

星载焦面视场拼接TDI CCD相机成像质量及处理方法分析

本文分析卫星偏航角、相机积分时间、平台稳定性、姿轨误差对焦平面线阵采用视场拼接的TDI相机地面成像的影响,包括线阵、沿轨两个方向上的错位(点上的变化)与地面扫描轨迹方向上的影像畸变(线上的变化).针对CBERS-02B HR相机的卫星影像,研究地面解决偏航角引起图像错位的数据处理方法——基于地面影像的图像配准仿射变换纠正法.根据CBERS-02B HR线阵的地面配准试验,分析出了CBERS-02B卫星星上偏航角补偿精度与误差对图像质量的影响,及影像畸变产生的原因.     

Study on the specific interaction between angiogenin and aptamer by atomic force microscopy （AFM）

The specific interaction between angiogenin and aptamer has been investigated by using AFM. The specificity of the interaction is revealed by comparing the binding probability of aptamer to other elements in a series of control experiments. The results have shown that there is specific interaction force between angiogenin and aptamer. Moreover, the single molecular pull-off force between angiogenin and aptamer has also been determined using the Poisson statistical method to be 133.7±11.7 pN. These findings obtained are helpful to the better revelation of recognition mechanism between angiogenin and aptamer, which provided basis for further understanding the inhibition of the aptamer to angiogenic activity.     

Archaeological study of ostrich eggshell beads collected from SDG site

Ostrich eggshell beads and fragments collected from SDG site reflect primordial art and a kind of symbolic behavior of modern humans. Based on stratigraphic data and OSL dating, these ostrich eggshell beads are probably in Early Holocene （〈 10 ka BP）o Two different prehistoric manufacturing pathways are usually used in the manufacture of ostrich eggshell beads in Upper Paleolithic. Accord- ing to statistic analysis of the characteristics of ostrich eggshell beads, Pathway 1 is identified from these collections. In pathway 1, blanks are drilled prior to being trimmed to rough discs. They exhibit great potential for the study of the origin of primordial art and the development of ancient cultures and provide important data for studying behavioral options adopted by hominids in SDG area. In addition, they bear important implications for the origin of modern humans in East Asia.     

Energetic electrons associated with magnetic reconnection in the sheath of interplanetary coronal mass ejection

Magnetic reconnection is an important universal plasma dissipation process that converts magnetic energy into plasma thermal and kinetic energy,and simultaneously changes the magnetic field topology.In this paper,we report the first observation of energetic electrons associated with asymmetric reconnection in the sheath of an interplanetary coronal mass ejection.The magnetic field shear angle was about 151°,implying guide-field reconnection.The width of the exhaust was about 8×104 km.The reconnection rate was estimated as 0.044-0.08,which is consistent with fast reconnection theory and previous observations.We observed flux enhancements of energetic electrons with energy up to 400 keV in this reconnection exhaust.The region where ener- getic electron fluxes were enhanced is located at one pair of separatrices in the higher density hemisphere.We discuss these observation results,and compare with previous observations and recent kinetic simulations.