基于知识图谱的核电设备健康管理知识建模与分析

随着信息技术发展,设备健康数据与知识图谱技术结合为设备健康发展带来新的发展机遇,知识图谱利用其多种特异性优势,使企业系统中积累的海量设备维修数据得到有效整合利用.本文提出基于知识图谱的核电设备健康管理知识建模与分析方法,并根据实体关系模型构建维修知识图谱本体框架,同时基于核电企业实际的维修工单数据,从统计分析和关联分析两方面取得良好的实践效果.研究结果表明,知识图谱能够在设备维修知识的集成上解决传统的数据孤岛问题,同时能基于故障的可视化分析为维修人员和管理人员提供决策和知识支持.     

共享自动驾驶汽车使用意愿模型及其影响因素

为了构建共享自动驾驶汽车(shared autonomous vehicles，SAV) 的使用意愿模型并分析其影响因素，通过使用时机和使用频率来体现公众对SAV的使用意愿；采用验证性因子分析将态度潜变量转化为潜变量得分，以此将态度潜变量引入传统的有序Logit模型；提出SAV使用意愿的有序Logit模型构建方法，并建立基于个人属性、通勤特征、态度潜变量的SAV使用意愿模型.研究发现:是否使用过滴滴拼车、工作单位停车费、自动驾驶态度对使用时机和3种价格(1，2，3元/km) 下的使用频率有显著影响；使用过滴滴拼车、工作单位收取停车费、支持自动驾驶的群体倾向于频繁地、更早地使用SAV出行；公众期望以1元/km或 2元/km即不超过目前滴滴拼车的价格使用SAV.     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

利用SRTM数据修测高山区地貌的探讨

在高海拔区域测制地形图,如青藏高原地区,所获取的遥感影像局部存在着大范围的高山阴影或云雪覆盖,造成立体观测地貌困难的现象,探讨应用SRTM数据对这类特殊区域地貌进行修测补绘。介绍了数据处理的作业过程,并对实验区SRTM与SPOT5影像立体测图成果进行实验对比分析,成果符合要求。     

Optimal investment problem for an insurer and a reinsurer

This paper studies the optimal investment problem for an insurer and a reinsurer. The basic claim process is assumed to follow a Brownian motion with drift and the insurer can purchase proportional reinsurance from the reinsurer. The insurer and the reinsurer are allowed to invest in a risk-free asset and a risky asset. Moreover, the authors consider the correlation between the claim process and the price process of the risky asset. The authors ?rst study the optimization problem of maximizing the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth for the insurer. Then with the optimal reinsurance strategy chosen by the insurer, the authors consider two optimization problems for the reinsurer: The problem of maximizing the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth and the problem of minimizing the ruin probability. By solving the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations, the authors derive the optimal reinsurance and investment strategies, explicitly. Finally, the authors illustrate the equality of the reinsurer's optimal investment strategies under the two cases.     

迹为整数的3×3阶正交矩阵的谱

讨论了3×3阶正交矩阵的特征值和迹的关系,证明了迹为整数的3×3阶正交矩阵的谱可由迹确定,为应用广泛的3×3阶正交矩阵的谱的计算提供了简单实用的方法.     

Defining G protein-coupled receptor peptide ligand expressomes and signalomes in human and mouse islets

Introduction

Islets synthesise and secrete numerous peptides, some of which are known to be important regulators of islet function and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we quantified mRNAs encoding all peptide ligands of islet G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in isolated human and mouse islets and carried out in vitro islet hormone secretion studies to provide functional confirmation for the species-specific role of peptide YY (PYY) in mouse islets.

Materials and methods

GPCR peptide ligand mRNAs in human and mouse islets were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR relative to the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, PPIA, TBP and TFRC. The pathways connecting GPCR peptide ligands with their receptors were identified by manual searches in the PubMed, IUPHAR and Ingenuity databases. Distribution of PYY protein in mouse and human islets was determined by immunohistochemistry. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion from islets was measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

We have quantified GPCR peptide ligand mRNA expression in human and mouse islets and created specific signalomes mapping the pathways by which islet peptide ligands regulate human and mouse GPCR signalling. We also identified species-specific islet expression of several GPCR ligands. In particular, PYY mRNA levels were ~ 40,000-fold higher in mouse than human islets, suggesting a more important role of locally secreted Pyy in mouse islets. This was confirmed by IHC and functional experiments measuring insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

Discussion

The detailed human and mouse islet GPCR peptide ligand atlases will allow accurate translation of mouse islet functional studies for the identification of GPCR/peptide signalling pathways relevant for human physiology, which may lead to novel treatment modalities of diabetes and metabolic disease.

     

基于高斯字典原子稀疏表示的高精度宽角SAR成像方法

为了提高从宽角合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)图像中提取目标后向散射各向异性特性的性能,在宽角SAR字典稀疏表示模型的基础上,提出一种基于高斯字典原子的高精度宽角SAR成像方法。在字典构造上,采用不同中心位置、相同方差的高斯函数。在求解稀疏表示系数上,采用广义最小最大凹惩罚稀疏重构算法求解。最后，根据稀疏表示系数的重构结果以及构造的字典得到目标的后向散射各向异性特性。通过仿真实验和Backhoe数据对算法进行验证,结果表明,该方法能够高精度地提取目标的后向散射各向异性特性。     

Hierarchical Community Detection Based on Partial Matrix Convergence Using Random Walks

Random walks are a standard tool for modeling the spreading process in social and biological systems.But in the face of large-scale networks,to achieve convergence,iterative calculation of the transition matrix in random walk methods consumes a lot of time.In this paper,we propose a three-stage hierarchical community detection algorithm based on Partial Matrix Approximation Convergence(PMAC) using random walks.First,this algorithm identifies the initial core nodes in a network by classical measurement and then utilizes the error function of the partial transition matrix convergence of the core nodes to determine the number of random walks steps.As such,the PMAC of the core nodes replaces the final convergence of all the nodes in the whole matrix.Finally,based on the approximation convergence transition matrix,we cluster the communities around core nodes and use a closeness index to merge two communities.By recursively repeating the process,a dendrogram of the communities is eventually constructed.We validated the performance of the PMAC by comparing its results with those of two representative methods for three real-world networks with different scales.     

Fuzzy Views on Black-Litterman Portfolio Selection Model

In this paper, views of investor are described in fuzzy sets, and two fuzzy Black-Litterman models are constructed with fuzzy views and fuzzy random views respectively. In the models, expected returns and uncertainty matrix of views are redefined and the views are formulated by fuzzy approaches suitably. Then the models are tested with data from Chinese financial markets. Empirical results show that the fuzzy random views model performs the best, and both the fuzzy models are better than the traditional ones, demonstrating that the fuzzy approaches can contain more information in the views and measure the uncertainty more correctly.