Si—GaP（110）异质结的理论研究

用自洽的半经验紧束缚方法，定域电荷中性条件和散射理论方法研究了Ｓｉ－ＧａＰ（１１０）异质结，得到了主要结果是：ＧａＰ和Ｓｉ表面有相似的电子特性：由此构成的界面只显示了弱的相对于相应体的相互作用的微扰；在Ｓｉ／ＧａＰ（１１０）界面有不同于其他异质结的、由Ｓｉ－ＧａＰ界面态引起的界面势；两个半元限晶体构成的ＳｉＧａＰ（１１０）异质结的能带偏移为０．４３ｅＶ。     

电场对表面结构的影响

用局域密度泛函理论研究了电场对表面结构的影响。计算采用了从头计算赝势和平面波加局轨道混合基的第一性原理方法,并用在真空层中插入平行所研究表面均匀电荷层的方法来模拟外电场,解释了长期以来没有解释清楚的Ｗ（００１）ｃ（２×２）场离子显微镜实验,得出了电场对表面结构影响的规律。     

Subwavelength-diameter silica wires for low-loss optical wave guiding

Silica waveguides with diameters larger than the wavelength of transmitted light are widely used in optical communications, sensors and other applications. Minimizing the width of the waveguides is desirable for photonic device applications, but the fabrication of low-loss optical waveguides with subwavelength diameters remains challenging because of strict requirements on surface roughness and diameter uniformity. Here we report the fabrication of subwavelength-diameter silica 'wires' for use as low-loss optical waveguides within the visible to near-infrared spectral range. We use a two-step drawing process to fabricate long free-standing silica wires with diameters down to 50 nm that show surface smoothness at the atomic level together with uniformity of diameter. Light can be launched into these wires by optical evanescent coupling. The wires allow single-mode operation, and have an optical loss of less than 0.1 dB mm(-1). We believe that these wires provide promising building blocks for future microphotonic devices with subwavelength-width structures.     

Genome sequence of Bacillus cereus and comparative analysis with Bacillus anthracis

Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic pathogen causing food poisoning manifested by diarrhoeal or emetic syndromes. It is closely related to the animal and human pathogen Bacillus anthracis and the insect pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis, the former being used as a biological weapon and the latter as a pesticide. B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis are readily distinguished from B. cereus by the presence of plasmid-borne specific toxins (B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis) and capsule (B. anthracis). But phylogenetic studies based on the analysis of chromosomal genes bring controversial results, and it is unclear whether B. cereus, B. anthracis and B. thuringiensis are varieties of the same species or different species. Here we report the sequencing and analysis of the type strain B. cereus ATCC 14579. The complete genome sequence of B. cereus ATCC 14579 together with the gapped genome of B. anthracis A2012 enables us to perform comparative analysis, and hence to identify the genes that are conserved between B. cereus and B. anthracis, and the genes that are unique for each species. We use the former to clarify the phylogeny of the cereus group, and the latter to determine plasmid-independent species-specific markers.     

Functional characterization of the human α-cardiac actin mutations Y166C and M305L involved in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Inherited cardiomyopathies are caused by point mutations in sarcomeric gene products, including α-cardiac muscle actin (ACTC1). We examined the biochemical and cell biological properties of the α-cardiac actin mutations Y166C and M305L identified in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Untagged wild-type (WT) cardiac actin, and the Y166C and M305L mutants were expressed by the baculovirus/Sf9-cell system and affinity purified by immobilized gelsolin G4-6. Their correct folding was verified by a number of assays. The mutant actins also displayed a disturbed intrinsic ATPase activity and an altered polymerization behavior in the presence of tropomyosin, gelsolin, and Arp2/3 complex. Both mutants stimulated the cardiac β-myosin ATPase to only 50?% of WT cardiac F-actin. Copolymers of WT and increasing amounts of the mutant actins led to a reduced stimulation of the myosin ATPase. Transfection of established cell lines revealed incorporation of EGFP- and hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged WT and both mutant actins into cytoplasmic stress fibers. Adenoviral vectors of HA-tagged WT and Y166C actin were successfully used to infect adult and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCs). The expressed HA-tagged actins were incorporated into the minus-ends of NRC thin filaments, demonstrating the ability to form hybrid thin filaments with endogenous actin. In NRCs, the Y166C mutant led after 72?h to a shortening of the sarcomere length when compared to NRCs infected with WT actin. Thus our data demonstrate that a mutant actin can be integrated into cardiomyocyte thin filaments and by its reduced mode of myosin interaction might be the basis for the initiation of HCM.     

Si－GaP（110）异质结的理论研究

用自洽的半经验紧束缚方法、定域电荷中性条件和散射理论方法研究了Ｓｉ—ＧａＰ（１１０）异质结，得到的主要结果是：ＧａＰ和Ｓｉ表面有相似的电子特性；由此构成的界面只显示了弱的相对于相应体的相互作用的微扰；在Ｓｉ／ＧａＰ（１１０）界面有不同于其他异质结的、由Ｓｉ－ＧａＰ界面态引起的界面势；两个半无限晶体构成的Ｓｉ一ＧａＰ（１１０）异质结的能带偏移为０．４３ｅＶ．     

Si—GaP（110）异质结形成过程中能带偏移的变化

用自洽的半经验紧束缚方法，定域电荷中性条件和散射理论方法研究了Ｓｉ－ＧａＰ（１１０）异质结形成过程中的能带偏移变化，能带偏移在第１层Ｓｉ覆盖在ＧａＰ（１１０）衬底上后即已形成，并随Ｓｉ覆盖层厚度而增加，至约５、６层后趋于最终值。     

Si－GaP（110）异质结形成过程中能带偏移的变化

用自洽的半经验紧束缚方法、定域电荷中性条件和散射理论方法研究了Ｓｉ—ＧａＰ（１１０）异质结形成过程中的能带偏移变化·能带偏移在第１层Ｓｉ覆盖在ＧａＰ（１１０）衬底上后即已形成，并随Ｓｉ覆盖层厚度而增加，至约５、６层后趋于最终值．     

Facile synthesis of nanosized sodium magnesium hydride, NaMgH3

The ternary magnesium hydride NaMgH 3 has been synthesised via reactive milling techniques.The method employed neither a reactive H2 atmosphere nor high pressure sintering or other post-treatment processes.The formation of the ternary hydride was studied as a function of milling time and ball:powder ratio.High purity NaMgH 3 powder(orthorhombic space group Pnma,a 5.437(2),b 7.705(5),c 5.477(2) ;Z 4) was prepared in 5 h at high ball:powder ratios and characterised by powder X-ray diffraction(PXD),Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDX).The products formed sub-micron scale(typically 200-400 nm in size) crystallites that were approximately isotropic in shape.The dehydrogenation behaviour of the ternary hydride was investigated by temperature programmed desorption(TPD).The nanostructured hydride releases hydrogen in two steps with an onset temperature for the first step of 513 K.