CBERS-02IRMSS热红外数据及UTAE算法在城市热岛研究中的应用

文中使用城市热异常信息提取算法(urban thermal anomaly extraction,UTAE)提取城市热岛信息.该算法使用不同大小的滑动窗口来探测整幅图像,根据稳健估计的方法设定地表温度高于全部像元以及窗口内像元温度统计均值加标准差的像元为热异常像元,并将滑动窗口的范围设置在3×3至9×9个像元之间,根据像元被记为热岛像元的次数是否为0来区别热岛区与非热岛区,在热岛区域内根据次数的多少来决定热岛强度,具有动态阈值的特点和无偏特性.研究结果表明,在城市热岛范围的提取上,2004年2月13日长沙市热岛面积在27.21—33.98km2之间;在城市热岛强度和尺度效应分析上,宏观尺度的研究应选用较大的窗口来体现城—郊热岛关系以及热岛发展的总体趋势,而小窗口在微观分析城区内热岛的具体分布、与下垫面的关系以及驱动因子方面较有优势.最后,对UTAE算法在中巴地球资源卫星后继星数据上的应用做出了展望.     

大尺寸关节支架的3D打印及应用

人工关节假体的置换与长期植入后的失效问题将造成关节组织不可恢复的损失,小块可降解骨软骨关节支架具有恢复病变关节的力学环境和诱导新生组织生长的能力,为大尺寸关节病变缺损修复提供了新的治疗策略.大面积深层病变软骨关节病变位置的生理结构与力学环境的分析,以及多材料复合关节支架的仿生制造与手术方案是治疗方案开发的难点.本文提出一种新型多材料关节支架的仿生设计与制造技术和植入方法.以诱导组织生长为导向,选择聚乙二醇凝胶(polyethyleneglyco,PEG)、β-磷酸三钙陶瓷(β-tricalcium phosphate,β-TCP)、聚乳酸(polylactide,PLA)等生物材料开发新型支架;以羊膝关节为研究对象,通过反求工程、有限元分析和3D打印技术,利用有限的影像学数据信息,建立膝关节模型和易病变软骨区域;基于支架生理结构特征与关节缺损区机械承载能力的映射关系,建立大块仿生骨软骨支架的结构与稳定性固定结构.实验证明该支架在置换初期较好地恢复了缺损关节的力学环境.所提出的方法和支架有望为大面积骨软骨缺损的修复提供一种新的治疗方案.     

Solar influenced late Holocene temperature changes on the northern Tibetan Plateau

Considerable efforts have been made to extend temperature records beyond the instrumental period through proxy reconstructions,in order to further understand the mechanisms of past climate variability.Yet,the global coverage of existing temperature records is still limited,especially for some key regions like the Tibetan Plateau and for earlier times including the Medieval Warm Period(MWP).Here we present decadally-resolved,alkenone-based,temperature records from two lakes on the northern Tibetan Plateau.Characterized by marked temperature variability,our records provide evidence that temperatures during the MWP were slightly higher than the modern period in this region.Further,our temperature reconstructions,within age uncertainty,can be well correlated with solar irradiance changes,suggesting a possible link between solar forcing and natural climate variability,at least on the northern Tibetan Plateau.     

高压开关柜触点超温监测方法

提出了一种基于新型高分子示温片和固态电解质二氧化碳传感器实现间接监测高压开关柜触点超温的新方法。探讨了超温监测原理,介绍了超温监测系统的设计方案。针对原始信号特点,利用实时数字滤波方法,分析比较了超温和正常情况下监测信号的特征差异,提出了基于信号的顺序区间差分实现触点超温可靠识别的算法。实验结果论证了该方法的可行性。     

大跨石拱桥结构计算及承载力评定

文章介绍了石拱桥结构内力分析及结构承载能力评定的相关内容,并根据对某大桥的结构承载能力评定结果对该桥提出了初步的加固增强方案。     

Effects of the dispersed droplet sizes on the critical behavior of pseudobinary microemulsion

The critical behavior of pseudobinary microemulsion systems{water/sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfo- succinate(AOT)/n-decane}with various droplet sizes was studied by measurements of refractive index. It was found that the critical exponentsβfor all systems approach 0.327 in a region sufficiently close to the critical temperature,which is consistent with 3D-Ising universality class.The critical temperatures linearly decrease as the dispersed droplet sizes increase.The critical amplitude almost linearly in- creases with increasing the dispersed droplet sizes.     

Late Miocene Red River submarine fan,northwestern South China Sea

A huge submarine fan is discovered through the research of the seismic and borehole data in the binding site of Yinggehai basin and Qiongdongnan basin in northwestern South China Sea.The fan,mainly formed during Late Miocene (Huangliu period) has an area over 10000 km 2 and maximum thickness of over 2000 m.It is characterized by a wedge-shaped oblique progradation configuration on the dip profile and a hummocky bidirectional progradation configuration on the strike profile.The core and Logging data from the well YC35-1-2 located in the front side of the fan indicate that sandy gravity flow deposits are predominant in lower Huangliu Formation and change to interbeds of sand and mud in upper Huangliu Formation.The fan is interpreted as a sand/mud-rich submarine fan in combination with the bathyal geological background of Huangliu period.A preliminary analysis of provenance indicates that neither the Guiren Uplift in the west nor the Hainan Uplift in the north can serve as the major provenance for the submarine fan.The provenance is considered to be from the Red River,based on the sedimentary facies study of the Huangliu Formation in Yinggehai basin.The fan is thus named as "Red River submarine fan".The Red River depositional system consists of the Red River submarine fan,the Red River delta,and associated submarine canyons.The discovery of the Red River submarine fan provides important information for the research of the uplift of Tibetan Plateau and the evolvement of Red River Fault Zone.Furthermore,it also points out a new direction for the deepwater hydrocarbon exploration in the northern South China Sea.     

基于压电式压力传感器的压力容器气密性检测方法

针对低压条件下压力容器气密性检测中存在的微小泄漏检测易受环境噪声干扰、漏点定位困难、对气体介质具有选择性等问题,提出一种基于压电式压力传感器的压力容器气密性移动式检测方法。利用压电式压力传感器检测压力容器漏孔处产生的气体射流,克服了检测仪器对气体介质的选择性;采用气密性移动检测方式,利用检测用传感器可以接近压力容器器壁外表面的特点和仪表的实时计算能力,克服了环境噪声对检测结果的干扰,同时又提高了气密性检测的灵敏度和漏点定位精度,实现了低压条件下微小泄漏的检测。低压容器气密性检测的测试结果验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性,为压力容器的气密性检测提供了一种新的解决思路。     

Effects of elevated [CO2] on stem and root lodging among rice cultivars

Studies showed that elevated [CO2] would improve photosynthetic rates and enhance yields of rice;however,few studies have focused on the response of rice lodging,which is a major cause of cereal yield loss and quality reduction,under elevated [CO2].In this study,we examined the effects of elevated [CO2] on stem and root lodging using 4 rice cultivars(86Y8,japonica hybrid;LYP9,2-line indica hybrid;variety 9311,type of indica inbred rice,and SY63,3-line indica hybrid) grown under two [CO2] levels:400 and 680 μmol mol-1.Our results indicated that under elevated [CO2],the stem-lodging risk(SLR) of 9311 decreased,while in SY63 the SLR increased,86Y8 and LYP9 were not significantly affected;the risk of root lodging was reduced for all cultivars,because root biomass(instead of root number) and bending strength were increased significantly,and then the increase of anti-lodging ability is far higher than that of self-weight mass moment for all cultivars.These findings suggested that higher [CO2] can enhance the risk of stem-lodging for cultivars with strong-[CO2]-responses,but may not aggravate the root lodging for all rice cultivars.     

Calibration of the U 37 K′ index of long-chain alkenones with the in-situ water temperature in Lake Qinghai in the Tibetan Plateau

Long-chain alkenones (LCAs) can potentially be used as indicators to understand past variations in lacustrine environments.Previous research has suggested that the relationship between the temperature and the unsaturation index of LCAs should be calibrated individually,because of the possible variations in the alkenone-producing algal species in the lacustrine environment.In this work,we have calibrated U37K’ of water filter samples against the in-situ water temperature in Lake Qinghai,Tibetan Plateau.There are significant relationships between U37K’ and the water temperature,a non-linear relationship was derived.Because the U37K’ values did not respond sensitively at lower temperatures,we suggested that a quadratic regression (U37K’ =0.0011×T2-0.0201×T+0.1959,n=15,r2=0.74) was appropriate than linear regression to represent the relationship between the in-situ temperatures and U37K’.Meanwhile,the U37K correlation relationship was not more significant than U37K’ index in our study.Because of the C37:4 effects by salinity change,we suggest U37K is not as robust as the U37K’ index as a temperature proxy,at least for the salt lake in the Tibetan Plateau.The calibration of the U37K’ index in this work has provided a new understanding of historic climatic changes in the Tibetan Plateau.