Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells through GPR40

Diabetes, a disease in which carbohydrate and lipid metabolism are regulated improperly by insulin, is a serious worldwide health issue. Insulin is secreted from pancreatic beta cells in response to elevated plasma glucose, with various factors modifying its secretion. Free fatty acids (FFAs) provide an important energy source as nutrients, and they also act as signalling molecules in various cellular processes, including insulin secretion. Although FFAs are thought to promote insulin secretion in an acute phase, this mechanism is not clearly understood. Here we show that a G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR40, which is abundantly expressed in the pancreas, functions as a receptor for long-chain FFAs. Furthermore, we show that long-chain FFAs amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by activating GPR40. Our results indicate that GPR40 agonists and/or antagonists show potential for the development of new anti-diabetic drugs.     

Extracting multiple layers from data having graph structures

Much data such as geometric image data and drawings have graph structures. Such data are called graph structured data. In order to manage efficiently such graph structured data, we need to analyze and abstract graph structures of such data. The purpose of this paper is to find knowledge representations which indicate plural abstractions of graph structured data. Firstly, we introduce a term graph as a graph pattern having structural variables,and a substitution over term graphs which is graph rewriting system. Next,for a graph G,we define a multiple layer (g,（θ1, …,θk)) of G as a pair of a term graph g and a list of 4 substitutionsθ1, …,θk such that G can be obtained from g by applying substitutions θ1, …,θk to g. In the same way,for a set S of graphs, we also define a multiple layer for Sas a pair (D,@) of a set 5 of term graphs and a list 6 of substitutions. Secondly,for a graph G and a set S of graphs,we present effective algorithms for extracting minimal multiple layers of G and S which give us stratifying abstractions of G and S,respectively. Finally,we report experimental results obtained by applying our algorithms to both artificial data and drawings of power plants which are real world data.     

Haploinsufficiency of NSD1 causes Sotos syndrome

We isolated NSD1 from the 5q35 breakpoint in an individual with Sotos syndrome harboring a chromosomal translocation. We identified 1 nonsense, 3 frameshift and 20 submicroscopic deletion mutations of NSD1 among 42 individuals with sporadic cases of Sotos syndrome. The results indicate that haploinsufficiency of NSD1 is the major cause of Sotos syndrome.     

Extracting multiple layers from data having graph structures

Much data such as geometric image data and drawings have graph structures.Such data are called graph structured data. In order to manage efficiently such graph structured data, we need to analyze and abstract graph structures of such data. The purpose of this paper is to find knowledge representations which indicate plural abstractions of graph structured data. Firstly, we introduce a term graph as a graph pattern having structural variables, and a substitution over term graphs which is graph we also define a multiple layer for S as a pair (D,O) of a set D of term graphs and a list of substitutions. Secondly, for a graph G and a set S of graphs, we present effective algorithms for extracting minimal multiple layers of G and S which give us stratifying abstractions of G and S, respectively. Finally, we report experimental results obtained by applying our algorithms to both artificial data and drawings of power plants which are real world data.     

高密度磁盘的热衰减现象研究

随着计算机网络与多媒体技术在全球范围内的迅速发展,需要超大容量的外存储装置.而这就需要减小记录介质中磁性粒子的大小.这样势必带来由热衰减现象引起的记录信号的衰减.本文通过计算机仿真与实验探讨了磁记录介质中发生的信号衰减现象.在垂直磁记录方式下,可以使用直径较小的粒子构成的介质达到较高的记录密度和高的信噪比.指出垂直磁记录方式是将来实现超高密度磁记录的最适宜方式之一.     

173W的高自旋态和γ5/2~-[512]转动带的旋称反转

利用150Nd（28Si,5n）熔合蒸发反应居了173W的高旋态.于标准在束核谱学实验测量结果,扩展了于γ7/2＋[633],γ5/2-[512]和γ1/2-[521]准组态的转动带.首次建了173W γ1/2-[521]转动带的能量非优先分支.发现γ5/2-[512]转动带在低旋区出现旋称反转.相似的旋称劈行为表明174Reπ1/2-[541]γ5/2-[512]转动带的旋称反转来位于5/2-[512]轨道的中.旋称反转制有待进一研究.     

An efficient spatio-temporal data structure for multi version managemeng of engineering drawings

In the engineering database system，multiple versions of a design including engineering drawings should be managed efficiently. The paper proposes an efficient spatial data structure，that is an expansion of the R-tree and HR-tree，for version management of engineering drawings. A novel mechanism to manage the difference between drawings is introduced to the HR-tree to eliminate redundant duplications and to reduce the amount of storage required for the data structurr. Data management mechanism and structural properties of our data structure called the MVR+-tree are described.     

An efficient spatio-temporal data structure for multi version management of engineering drawings

In the engineering database system, multiple versions of a design including engineering drawings should be managed efficiently. The paper proposes an efficient spatial data structure, that is an expansion of the R-tree and HR-tree, for version management of engineering drawings. A novel mechanism to manage the difference between drawings is introduced to the HR-tree to eliminate redundant duplications and to reduce the amount of storage required for the data structure. Data management mechanism and structural properties of our data structure called the MVR -tree are described.