滨南油田低渗欠注井酸化增注技术研究与应用

提出了一种针对滨南低渗油田欠注井酸化增注的系统实验研究方法。根据储层特征分析了注污水和重复酸化对地层的损害及对酸化液的选取原则。根据长岩心酸化流动模拟实验进行了酸化工艺参数优选及其评估分析。现场施工证明该酸化液体系适应性较好 ,工艺参数合理 ,能够较好地解除地层中有机物和无机物堵塞 ,提高注水量 ,降低泵注压力 ,在低渗油田注水井中具有推广价值。     

Cytoglobin: biochemical,functional and clinical perspective of the newest member of the globin family

Since the discovery of cytoglobin (Cygb) a decade ago, growing amounts of data have been gathered to characterise Cygb biochemistry, functioning and implication in human pathologies. Its molecular roles remain under investigation, but nitric oxide dioxygenase and lipid peroxidase activities have been demonstrated. Cygb expression increases in response to various stress conditions including hypoxia, oxidative stress and fibrotic stimulation. When exogenously overexpressed, Cygb revealed cytoprotection against these factors. Cygb was shown to be upregulated in fibrosis and neurodegenerative disorders and downregulated in multiple cancer types. CYGB was also found within the minimal region of a hereditary tylosis with oesophageal cancer syndrome, and its expression was reduced in tylotic samples. Recently, Cygb has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro, thus confirming its suggested tumour suppressor role. This article aims to review the biochemical and functional aspects of Cygb, its involvement in various pathological conditions and potential clinical utility.     

对少年长跑运动员高原训练期间生理生化指标规律探究

随着竞技体育的发展,每个竞技项目的科技含量越来越高,势必要求业余体育训练也要进行科学训练。采用实验法、文献资料法和逻辑分析法,针对青少年长跑运动员的特点,运用科学监控手段与科学训练方法有机结合,进行深入的实践和研究,达到提高运动成绩的效果。     

A specific requirement for PDGF-C in palate formation and PDGFR-alpha signaling

PDGF-C is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family, which signals through PDGF receptor (PDGFR) alphaalpha and alphabeta dimers. Here we show that Pdgfc(-/-) mice die in the perinatal period owing to feeding and respiratory difficulties associated with a complete cleft of the secondary palate. This phenotype was less severe than that of Pdgfra(-/-) embryos. Pdgfc(-/-) Pdgfa(-/-) embryos developed a cleft face, subepidermal blistering, deficiency of renal cortex mesenchyme, spina bifida and skeletal and vascular defects. Complete loss of function of both ligands, therefore, phenocopied the loss of PDGFR-alpha function, suggesting that both PDGF-A and PDGF-C signal through PDGFR-alpha to regulate the development of craniofacial structures, the neural tube and mesodermal organs. Our results also show that PDGF-C signaling is a new pathway in palatogenesis, different from, and independent of, those previously implicated.     

Insurance-based advantage to helpers in a tropical hover wasp

The origin and maintenance of eusociality is a central problem in evolutionary biology. Eusocial groups contain individuals that forfeit their own reproduction in order to help others reproduce. In facultatively eusocial taxa, offspring can choose whether to found new nests or become helpers in their natal groups. In many facultatively eusocial insects, offspring need continuous care during development, but adult carers have life expectancies shorter than the developmental period. When a lone foundress dies, her partly reared brood are usually doomed. Here, we show that helpers in a tropical hover wasp (Liostenogaster flavolineata) have an insurance-based advantage over lone foundresses because after a helper dies, most of the brood that she has partly reared will be brought to maturity by surviving nest-mates. After some of the helpers are experimentally removed from a multi-female nest, the reduced group is left with more brood than it would normally rear. We found that larger, more valuable extra brood were reared through to maturity, but not smaller, less valuable brood. Smaller brood may be sacrificed to feed larger brood, and reduced groups probably benefited from increased short-term helper recruitment. Rearing extra brood did not increase adult mortality or brood development time.     

Optimization of Permeability Tensor Characteristics of Anisotropic Reservoir and Well Pattern Parameters

The problems of well pattern arrangement, well array direction, and well array spacing ratios for anisotropic reservoirs were studied using tensor analysis. The problems were formulated as a bilevel programming model which was solved using a genetic algorithm. The results show that if the permeability in one direction is much higher than in another direction, the wells should be aligned along the high permeability direction. The analysis provides a theoretical foundation for well pattern arrangement in fractured reservoirs as well as in channel sand reservoirs.     

大型注水系统注水站合理排量的确定方法

大型注水管网系统结构复杂 ,涉及的井点、管网节点多 ,且压力、流量互相耦合 ,注水站排量合理分配难度大。以流体力学基本理论为基础 ,利用“压力谷”的性质 ,根据注水管网特性 ,建立了注水管网的基本模型 ,并在满足注水量和管路阻力损失最小的前提下 ,给出了一种确定大型注水系统注水站设计排量和运行排量的方法。实例计算表明 ,利用该方法调节大型注水系统注水站排量 ,可以使注水站和管网同时达到最优运行状态 ,并且能够科学地计算注水站的设计排量。该研究为大型注水系统的合理设计和优化运行提供了一定的理论指导     

More on the need for circadian,circaseptan and circannual optimization of cyclosporine therapy

Summary Cyclosporine chronotherapy of pancreas-allotransplanted rats revealed, beyond a circadian stage-dependence of equal daily doses, further gain in graft function from doses varying from day to day with an about 7-day periodicity, the first highest dose being given on the 3rd or 5th day after surgery.