Thirty new loci for age at menarche identified by a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies

To identify loci for age at menarche, we performed a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies in 87,802 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,731 women. In addition to the known loci at LIN28B (P = 5.4 × 10???) and 9q31.2 (P = 2.2 × 10?33), we identified 30 new menarche loci (all P < 5 × 10??) and found suggestive evidence for a further 10 loci (P < 1.9 × 10??). The new loci included four previously associated with body mass index (in or near FTO, SEC16B, TRA2B and TMEM18), three in or near other genes implicated in energy homeostasis (BSX, CRTC1 and MCHR2) and three in or near genes implicated in hormonal regulation (INHBA, PCSK2 and RXRG). Ingenuity and gene-set enrichment pathway analyses identified coenzyme A and fatty acid biosynthesis as biological processes related to menarche timing.     

大连市银杏叶斑病病原菌鉴定

银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)是常见的城市园林观赏绿化树种,并具有极高的材用、食用和药用价值.近年来,大连市银杏树发生了一种不明病因且较为严重的叶斑病,查明病因、为病害防治提供理论依据迫在眉睫.从病害发生严重区域采集叶斑病病叶样本,采用感病叶片单斑分离法,对分离菌株进行致病性测定、形态学鉴定及分子生物学鉴定等,对大连市银杏树发生的叶斑病进行了病原菌鉴定.结果表明,大连银杏叶斑病致病菌有2种,分别为链格孢属细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima)和链格孢(Alternaria alternata).迄今为止,细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima)侵染银杏导致其发生叶斑病鲜有报道.