Human sweat components — Attractancy and repellency to mosquitoes

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, dass menschliche Schweissabsonderungen verschiedener Versuchspersonen auf weibliche Moskitos (Aedes aegypti) verschieden attraktiv sind. Mit Diethyläther (pH 1) lassen sich im Schweiss sowohl «anlockende» wie auch «abschreckende» Bestandteile extrahieren. Für den «repellent effect» sind teilweise gleiche Mischungen von Milchsäure und Milchsäureanhydrid verantwortlich. Zwei weitere, noch nicht identifizierte Substanzen zeigten im Zwei-Kammer-Olfaktometer identische «repellent» Wirkungen.

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This study was supported by U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Dept. of the Army, Contracts No. DA 49-193-MD-2465 (W. Skinner) and No. DA 49-193-MD-2466 (H. Maibach). We thank Dr.L. Pope, Superintendent, and the inmates of the California Medical Faculty, Vacaville, California, USA, for their cooperation in this study.     

Distribution of14C after topical application of14C-labeled 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) in mice

Summary Following topical application of¹⁴C-labeled 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine) to the skin of mice radioactivity was found in all viscera and tissues examined. Exclusive of the gut, highest values were recorded for the liver, kidney and lung.Supported by Public Health Service, grant CA 14825, from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health, Education and Welfare.     

一类矩阵方程的正交对称问题

针对约束矩阵方程问题,提出了一类矩阵方程的正交对称约束问题.通过研究正交对称矩阵与对称矩阵的关系,应用矩阵的标准相关分解(CCD)原理,获得了矩阵方程正交对称约束问题存在解的充要条件,以及该问题的通解表达式,并导出了与已知矩阵最佳逼近的正交对称解,也获得了方程相应的最小范数解.     

云南省个体、私营企业多层次抽样调查方案设计

为适应云南省经济体制的发现,提高应用抽样调查技术的水平,在考虑云南省个体或私营企业有关调查数据特点的基础上,设计了具有针对性的自然分层相接合的分层二阶抽样方案,以满足省和地区两组政府的需求。     

模糊化拟阵的最新进展

本文拟对模糊化拟阵理论做一个简短的介绍和评述,试图使读者了解模糊化拟阵理论的最新研究成果.     

Allergic contact dermatitis: epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, in vitro methods and regulatory aspects

Contact allergies are complex diseases, and one of the important challenges for public health and immunology. The German 'Federal Institute for Risk Assessment' hosted an 'International Workshop on Contact Dermatitis'. The scope of the workshop was to discuss new discoveries and developments in the field of contact dermatitis. This included the epidemiology and molecular biology of contact allergy, as well as the development of new in vitro methods. Furthermore, it considered regulatory aspects aiming to reduce exposure to contact sensitisers. An estimated 15-20% of the general population suffers from contact allergy. Workplace exposure, age, sex, use of consumer products and genetic predispositions were identified as the most important risk factors. Research highlights included: advances in understanding of immune responses to contact sensitisers, the importance of autoxidation or enzyme-mediated oxidation for the activation of chemicals, the mechanisms through which hapten-protein conjugates are formed and the development of novel in vitro strategies for the identification of skin-sensitising chemicals. Dendritic cell cultures and structure-activity relationships are being developed to identify potential contact allergens. However, the local lymph node assay (LLNA) presently remains the validated method of choice for hazard identification and characterisation. At the workshop the use of the LLNA for regulatory purposes and for quantitative risk assessment was also discussed.     

改进的线性判别回归分类人脸识别算法

对线性回归分类算法进行了改进。考虑了线性回归分类算法中没有考虑的类间信息,通过选择类模式的投影方向判别不同类的模式,不同类的模式互相远离,相同类的模式尽可能靠近来估计投影矩阵;再利用投影矩阵将训练图像及测试图像投影到各类的特征子空间;最后,计算出测试图像与训练图像间的距离,利用K-近邻分类器完成人脸的识别。在FERET人脸数据库上进行实验验证。实验结果表明,相比其他回归分类算法,本算法取得了更好的识别效果。