CE与EP方案治疗小细胞肺癌的临床疗效评价

为观察CE与EP方案治疗小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和毒副反应,对52例小细胞肺癌患者按住院先后顺序,随机分为CE组(卡铂+足叶乙甙)和EP组(顺铂+足叶乙甙),化疗2周期后评价疗效。结果近期疗效方面,CE组CR6例,PR14例,总有效20例(76.9%);EP组CR5例,PR13例,总有效18例(69.2%),两组比较无差别(P>0.05)。在毒副反应方面,CE与EP两组发生Ⅱ度以上的胃肠道反应及骨髓抑制无差别,患者均能耐受。说明CE与EP方案治疗小细胞肺癌均有效,且近期疗效无差别,毒副反应均能耐受,均可作为小细胞肺癌一线化疗方案。     

顺铂与DNA相互作用下的CD谱的测试

本文报导了ＤＮＡ与顺铂相互作用下的ＣＤ谱的测试过程及实验结果，并对作用机理做了初步分析．     

顺铂、足叶乙甙腹腔灌注治疗癌性腹水35例疗效观察

癌性腹水 35例 ,采用腹腔穿刺抽液后 ,向腹腔内注入顺铂及足叶乙甙 ,观察其疗效及毒副作用。根据国际卫生组织 (WHO)癌性渗液疗效评定标准 ,完全缓解 15例 ,占 4 2 .9% ;部分缓解 7例 ,占 2 0 % ;总有效率 6 2 .9%。可见顺铂、足叶乙甙腹腔灌注治疗癌性腹水效果较好 ,副作用少 ,是一种较为安全有效的方法     

柯里拉京对顺铂抗卵巢癌Hey和SKOV3细胞的增敏作用

探讨柯里拉京(corilagin)与羟基喜树碱(HCPT)、顺铂(cDDP)单独及联合用药,体外抗卵巢癌细胞Hey,SKOV3的活性及与cDDP联用机制的初步研究.利用四唑盐(MTT)比色法检测柯里拉京,HCPT,cDDP在不同质量浓度下,单独及联合用药对卵巢癌细胞的增殖抑制率,并根据金氏公式计算其协同指数(Q),进而评价两药联用的增敏效果.通过形态学观察吖啶橙(AO)/溴化乙啶(EB)和Hoechst 33258染色及线粒体膜电位变化,探究其诱导机制.结果表明:柯里拉京对卵巢细胞Hey,SKOV3的半抑制浓度(IC₅₀值)分别为19.20,17.17 μmol·L^-1;柯里拉京与cDDP联合作用对于SKOV3,Hey两种细胞均有协同作用,与HCPT联用只对SKOV3细胞有协同作用,对Hey细胞仅是相加效应;联合用药组对卵巢癌细胞的抑制效果显著高于单独用药组;柯里拉京与cDDP联合用药对卵巢癌细胞的杀伤效果可能是通过诱导细胞凋亡实现的.     

低氧对食管癌ECa9706细胞生长及顺铂敏感性的影响

着重探讨低氧对食管癌ECa9706细胞生长及顺铂敏感性的影响.ECa9706细胞分别培养于顺铂干预的常氧和低氧(1%O2)环境下,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,MTT法检测细胞活力,流式细胞法检测细胞凋亡和细胞周期.结果显示:与常氧环境下培养相比,低氧下细胞形态变长、变大,细胞自第7d后生长缓慢.常氧下顺铂作用细胞48h的IC50为(1.180±0.056)μM,低氧下为(2.675±0.063)μM.培养48h后,常氧对照组及常氧高浓度顺铂组(1.18μM)阻滞细胞周期于G1期,低氧下各组细胞周期阻滞于S期.低氧导致顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡率较常氧下降低.表明:低氧环境影响了细胞的形态、增殖及细胞周期,低氧下细胞对顺铂的细胞毒作用敏感性降低.     

周剂量顺铂和奈达铂同步放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌72例临床分析

目的评价三维适形放疗同步顺铂或奈达铂治疗中晚期宫颈癌患者的近期疗效及不良反应.方法随机将收治的72例组织学明确的中晚期宫颈癌患者分为两组,分别采用顺铂30 mg/m2每周1次或奈达铂30 mg/m2每周1次,两组放疗开始即同步化疗,比较两组患者有效率和副反应发生率.结果顺铂组与奈达铂组的有效率分别为91.7%和94.4%,两组比较无统计学意义(P0.05);顺铂组的胃肠毒性发生率高于奈达铂组(27.8%,11.5%,P0.05);顺铂组的Ⅲ/Ⅳ度骨髓抑制发生率低于奈达铂组(19.4%,30.5%,P0.05).结论周剂量顺铂和奈达铂同步放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的近期疗效无差异,副反应均可以耐受.     

Antiproliferative effect of β-elemene in chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma cells is mediated through arrest of the cell cycle at the G2-M phase

Elemene is a natural antitumor plant drug. However, the effect of elemene on cell growth in ovarian cancer is unknown. In this study, we show that -elemene inhibited the proliferation of cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells and their parental cells, but had only a marginal effect in human ovary cells, indicating differential inhibitory effects on cell growth between ovarian cancer cells and normal ovary cells. We also demonstrated for the first time that -elemene markedly enhanced cisplatin-induced growth inhibition in resistant cells compared to sensitive cells. In addition, cell cycle analysis revealed a synergistic effect of -elemene and cisplatin on the induction of cell cycle G2-M arrest in our resistant ovarian carcinoma cells. Furthermore, we showed that treatment of these cells with both drugs downregulated cyclin B1 and Cdc2 expression, but elevated the levels of p53, p21waf1/cip1, p27kip1 and Gadd45. Finally, the combination of -elemene and cisplatin was found to increase the phosphorylation of Cdc2 and Cdc25C, which leads to a reduction in Cdc2-cyclin B1 activity. These novel findings suggest that -elemene sensitizes chemoresistant ovarian carcinoma cells to cisplatin-induced growth suppression partly through modulating the cell cycle G2 checkpoint and inducing cell cycle G2-M arrest, which lead to blockade of cell cycle progression.Received 19 January 2005; accepted 5 February 2005     

Aloe emodin decreases the ERK-dependent anticancer activity of cisplatin

The present study describes the ability of an anthraquinone derivative aloe emodin (AE) to reduce the cytotoxic activity of the platinum(II)-based anticancer agent cisplatin toward murine L929 fibrosarcoma and C6 glioma cell lines. The protective effect of AE was demonstrated by MTT and crystal violet assays for cell viability, and involved supression of cisplatin-induced apoptosis and necrosis, as assessed by lactate dehydrogenase release and flow cytometric analysis of DNA fragmentation or phosphatidylserine exposure. Cell-based ELISA and Western blot analysis revealed that AE abolished cisplatin-triggered activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in tumor cells, while activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase was not significantly altered. A selective blockade of ERK activation with PD98059 mimicked the protective effect of AE treatment in both tumor cell lines. Moreover, AE failed to protect tumor cells against the ERK-independent toxicity of the Pt(IV)-based complex tetrachloro(O,O-dibutyl-ethylenediamine-N,N′-di-3-propanoate)platinum(IV). Taken together, these data indicate that herbal anthraquinone AE can downregulate the anticancer activity of cisplatin by blocking the activation of ERK in tumor cells.Received 30 January 2005; received after revision 21 March 2005; accepted 31 March 2005     

顺铂代谢物[Pt(L-Met-S,N)2]跨细胞膜的吸收

对顺铂的主要代谢物[Pt(L-Met-S,N)2](Met:蛋氨酸)在Jurkat肿瘤细胞和绵羊红细胞内的跨膜吸收进行了研究,并以顺铂作对照.细胞内铂含量使用等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定.结果表明:2种细胞对[Pt(L-Met-S,N)2]的吸收曲线趋势一致,但吸收能力要远远低于对顺铂的吸收,这可能与[Pt(L-Met-S,N)2]的跨膜机制相关,同时进一步证实[Pt(L-Met-S,N)2]没有生物活性.     

肌肽对顺铂所致小鼠急性肾损伤的保护作用

研究肌肽（carnosine）对顺铂（cisplatin, CDDP）所致小鼠体内急性肾损伤的保护作用,并探讨可能的机制.雌性昆明小鼠按体重分成4组,分别为正常对照组,肌肽对照组,顺铂化疗模型组和肌肽保护组.正常对照组和肌肽对照组分别连续腹腔注射生理盐水和肌肽10 d;顺铂化疗模型组于第5天单次腹腔注射顺铂;肌肽保护组连续腹腔注射肌肽10 d,并于第5天单次腹腔注射顺铂;所有动物于第10天采血处死,分别测定各组血清尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(CRE)含量,分析肾皮质匀浆丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力变化,苏木精-伊红染色观察肾组织病理学改变.结果表明：顺铂化疗模型组血清CRE,BUN和肾皮质匀浆MDA含量明显上升,GSH和SOD含量显著下降,肾组织病理学变化明显,肌肽保护组可明显改变上述现象. 由此得出结论,肌肽可以减轻顺铂引起的急性肾损伤,其作用机制可能与其抗氧化作用和清除自由基活性有密切关系.