大矢高脊线式叉筒网壳静力及抗震性能分析

运用ANSYS软件对大矢高脊线式叉筒网壳结构进行系统的静力性能分析,详细研究了结构跨度S、矢高f、环向区域份数Kn、径向节点圈数nx对结构静力性能的影响;在此基础上对结构进行自振特性分析和地震响应分析。探讨了跨度、矢高对结构基频的影响规律,及结构环向区域份数、径向节点圈数对结构震后最大位移的影响规律。研究结果表明:大矢高脊线式叉筒网壳静力性能良好,矢高对结构静力性能影响不大,环向区域份数、径向节点圈数对结构静力性能影响较复杂;结构自振频率分布和振型有很强的规律性,结构基频对跨度较敏感;结构抗震性能优越,结构环向区域份数对结构震后最大位移影响较大。     

提高川东复杂地质深井超深井机械钻速的研究

针对川东高陡地质构造复杂,钻井中深井、超深井机械钻速低,建井周期长,钻井成本过高的问题,分析了川东地区钻井速度低的原因,介绍了岩石的各种性质,钻头选型依据以及如何评判钻头井下使用情况等方面的知识,阐述了合理使用钻头的方法,提出了在川东地区高陡构造地层中提高钻井速度的三种措施：（1） 采用以偏轴-钟摆钻具组合为主的钻井方式进行钻进;（2） 开展喷射钻井,促进机械钻速提高;（3） 开展水力加压器的应用。以期不断优化和强化钻进技术来提高钻井速度确保井身质量。     

水合物合成电容特性与降压开采二维实验研究

在天然气水合物二维开采模拟系统基础上,进行了水合物原位生成及分解过程的实验研究,探讨了温度、压力及电容的变化特性;开展了天然气水合物降压开采二维实验研究,得到了二维开采过程中各参数的动态变化规律,并对敏感因素进行了评价。在水合物合成过程中,随水合物饱和度的增加,水量的不断减少,电容量总体减小趋势明显。降压开采表明在二维平面上存在一定的压差与温差,其中温降随与开采井的距离增大而减小。产气过程分为流动阻力控制、分解速率控制以及残余气体采出三个部分,主要受分解速率和流动阻力共同影响。     

孤岛油田馆陶组湖相沉积认识及应用

济阳拗陷新近系馆陶组普遍发育河流相的观念由来已久,研究中重点通过连续取芯井的岩芯观察,以及综合利用录井、测井、古生物及相关分析化验资料,运用沉积学理论,丰富和发展了原有孤岛油田馆陶组仅仅普遍发育河流相的沉积观点,认为馆陶组下段不仅发育砾质辫状河沉积,还发育辫状河三角洲—充填型浅水湖泊沉积体系;馆陶组上段初期发育辫状河、曲流河等河流相沉积,中晚期发育浅水三角洲—氧化型浅水湖泊以及浅水振荡湖泊沉积体系。湖相沉积模式在与油田生产密切相关的小层对比和油气勘探中的应用广泛。     

辽中凹陷东营组重力流发育机制及沉积构成

辽中凹陷锦州区块东营组发育三角洲滑塌浊积扇、远岸水下扇和近岸水下扇等重力流沉积。在高分辨率层序地层划分和对比的基础上,通过区域沉积体系分析,探讨了各类水下重力流沉积的形成条件,建立了相应的发育模式,分析认为：物源系统、坡折类型和湖平面变化的耦合关系决定着沉积体的基本特征,包括类型、层序位置、发育部位和规模大小等。进一步研究表明,各类重力流沉积内部构成差异明显,坡折类型及组合样式对其控制作用明显,表现为：坡折组合的规模和复杂状况决定了砂体平面展布的分异状况;坡折带的类型和坡度决定着沟道体系的发育情况;坡折下方微地貌构建的次级坡折带控制着砂体的分配,尤其是优质砂体的富集位置。沟道化是断陷湖盆重力流沉积的一大特色,探讨了其有别于经典海相重力流相模式的原因。对岩性圈闭的勘探有一定的借鉴意义。     

A murine lung cancer co-clinical trial identifies genetic modifiers of therapeutic response

Targeted therapies have demonstrated efficacy against specific subsets of molecularly defined cancers. Although most patients with lung cancer are stratified according to a single oncogenic driver, cancers harbouring identical activating genetic mutations show large variations in their responses to the same targeted therapy. The biology underlying this heterogeneity is not well understood, and the impact of co-existing genetic mutations, especially the loss of tumour suppressors, has not been fully explored. Here we use genetically engineered mouse models to conduct a 'co-clinical' trial that mirrors an ongoing human clinical trial in patients with KRAS-mutant lung cancers. This trial aims to determine if the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) increases the efficacy of docetaxel, a standard of care chemotherapy. Our studies demonstrate that concomitant loss of either p53 (also known as Tp53) or Lkb1 (also known as Stk11), two clinically relevant tumour suppressors, markedly impaired the response of Kras-mutant cancers to docetaxel monotherapy. We observed that the addition of selumetinib provided substantial benefit for mice with lung cancer caused by Kras and Kras and p53 mutations, but mice with Kras and Lkb1 mutations had primary resistance to this combination therapy. Pharmacodynamic studies, including positron-emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT), identified biological markers in mice and patients that provide a rationale for the differential efficacy of these therapies in the different genotypes. These co-clinical results identify predictive genetic biomarkers that should be validated by interrogating samples from patients enrolled on the concurrent clinical trial. These studies also highlight the rationale for synchronous co-clinical trials, not only to anticipate the results of ongoing human clinical trials, but also to generate clinically relevant hypotheses that can inform the analysis and design of human studies.     

Optical nano-imaging of gate-tunable graphene plasmons

The ability to manipulate optical fields and the energy flow of light is central to modern information and communication technologies, as well as quantum information processing schemes. However, because photons do not possess charge, a way of controlling them efficiently by electrical means has so far proved elusive. A promising way to achieve electric control of light could be through plasmon polaritons—coupled excitations of photons and charge carriers—in graphene. In this two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms, it is expected that plasmon polaritons and their associated optical fields can readily be tuned electrically by varying the graphene carrier density. Although evidence of optical graphene plasmon resonances has recently been obtained spectroscopically, no experiments so far have directly resolved propagating plasmons in real space. Here we launch and detect propagating optical plasmons in tapered graphene nanostructures using near-field scattering microscopy with infrared excitation light. We provide real-space images of plasmon fields, and find that the extracted plasmon wavelength is very short—more than 40 times smaller than the wavelength of illumination. We exploit this strong optical field confinement to turn a graphene nanostructure into a tunable resonant plasmonic cavity with extremely small mode volume. The cavity resonance is controlled in situ by gating the graphene, and in particular, complete switching on and off of the plasmon modes is demonstrated, thus paving the way towards graphene-based optical transistors. This successful alliance between nanoelectronics and nano-optics enables the development of active subwavelength-scale optics and a plethora of nano-optoelectronic devices and functionalities, such as tunable metamaterials, nanoscale optical processing, and strongly enhanced light–matter interactions for quantum devices and biosensing applications.     

“发动机原理”均质充量压燃燃烧的仿真教学设计

“发动机原理”课程中的均质充量压燃燃烧涉及大量化学动力学机理,学生理解较为困难,运用Chemkin软件搭建发动机均质充量压燃燃烧的仿真实验模型,通过修改相应参数,得到不同初始条件下的放热率、缸内温度、缸内压力等仿真结果,针对仿真结果进行分组讨论,得到相应结论,并将燃料扩展到天然气,分析参数变化对天然气发动机均质充量压燃燃烧的影响,激发了学生的兴趣,加深了学生对教学内容的理解。     

基于数据素养的数据库系列课程教学改革研究

大学计算机基础课程已经从计算机专业的基础课程,上升为大学各专业的通识教育必修课程。基于计算思维的提出,很多高校对该课程进行了改革,提出很好的教学方案。而我校彝族学生由于自身原因,不能照搬照用,只能因材施教。通过教师访谈和学生在线问卷调查,分析计算机基础课程学习与应用中存在的问题,采取课程内容碎片化,知识点串联,任务驱动,案例分析,雨课堂+MOOC,精准扶错等教学方法并应用到实际教学中,采用科学的研究方法验证其效果。     

基于车队稳定性的安全时距及其确定方法

为确定车辆自适应巡航控制的安全时距,以互连系统稳定性理论为基础,提出了一种基于车队稳定性的安全时距.在建立车辆跟随控制模型的基础上,分析了车队的局部稳定性,进而研究了安全时距与车队全局稳定性之间的关系,给出了基于车队稳定性的安全时距的确定方法.仿真实验结果表明,采用基于车队稳定性的安全时距,能够在不同条件下保证车队中所有车辆的安全性.