甲酸钠的抗氧化作用

以溶血试验、红细胞还原型谷胱甘肽测定、受照南粒ＰＵＣ１８ＤＮＡ单链断裂的测定、受照小鼠肝和肾匀浆脂质过氧化物的测定作为指标，检测了甲酸钠的抗氧化作用。结果表明：甲酸钠能显著地降低受＾６０Ｃｏγ射线照射的红细胞的溶血水平；显著抑制ＶｉｔＣ／Ｆｅ＾＋＋诱导的红细胞悬液还原型谷胱甘肽的耗竭；显著抑制受质粒ＰＵＣ１８ＤＮＡ单链断裂程度；显著地抑制受照小鼠肝、肾匀浆丙二醛水平的升高，结果提示：内具有抗氧化作     

锌离子对谷胱甘肽荧光增强的作用

探讨了锌、铅、铜等16种微量元素对谷胱甘肽（Glutathione,GSH）－邻苯二甲醛（o-phthaldialdehyde,OPA）体系荧光强度的影响。结果表明，Zn^2 与GSH的摩尔比率为2时，对该荧光体系有最大增强作用；而其他微量元素对该荧光体系有不同程度的淬灭作用。借助Zn^2 对GSH的荧光增强作用，将可建立高灵敏度的GSH的定量测定方法。     

天然矿泉水与纯净水抗过氧化作用的比较

将6周龄纯种BALB/C小鼠随机分为4组,一组为皮下注射生理盐水的非致衰对照组,另三个组为注射D-半乳糖的致衰模型组,它们分别饮用天然矿泉水,纯净水和自来水.4个月后,测定红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性.本实验表明,天然矿泉水具有一定的抗过氧化作用.天然矿泉水组与自来水致衰对照组比较,GSH-Px活力变化不显著,而SOD活力明显提高( 7.1%).而纯净水组与天然矿泉水组比较,SOD活力降低了10.2%,GSH-Px活力降低15.5%,两项指标均有显著差异.值得注意的是,纯净水组与自来水致衰对照组相比较,其抗过氧化作用也有所减弱,纯净水组的SOD活力下降3.9%,GSH-Px活力更是显著地下降了18.5%.     

某些自由基清除剂对哇巴因致豚鼠心律失常的影响——自由基可能参与洋地黄类的毒性过程

本文采用哇巴因致豚鼠心律失常模型,以哇巴目致室性早搏量、致室颤量和致死量作为衡量洋地黄类毒性的指标,观察GSH、三七皂甙Rg_1、Rb_1和AA等自由基清除剂对洋地黄美毒性的影响。结果表明:GSH、三七皂甙Rg_1、Rb_1和AA对哇巴因所致的心律失常均有不同程度的对抗作用,可减轻洋地黄类毒性。提示自由基可能参与洋地黄类的毒性过程。     

The chemistry and biology of inhibitors and pro-drugs targeted to glutathione S-transferases

The cytosolic glutathione S-transferases are a family of structurally homologous enzymes with multiple functions, including xenobiotic detoxification, clearance of oxidative stress products, and modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis signaling pathways. This wideranging functional repertoire leads to several possible therapeutic uses for isoform-specific GST inhibitors. These inhibitors may be used, in principle, to modulate tumor cell drug resistance, as sensitizers to therapeutically directed oxidative stress, to enhance cell proliferation and to augment anti-malarial drugs. With increasing knowledge of GST structural and function, rational design strategies and mechanism-based inhibitors have been exploited successfully. However, design of isoform specificity remains a significant challenge in GST inhibitor development. Strategies for further inhibitor design and their possible limitations, along with potential therapeutic uses, are summarized.Received 24 November 2004; received after revision 12 January 2005; accepted 11 February 2005     

Tissue-specific expression of glutathione S-transferases induced by 2-tridecanone or quercetin in cotton bollworms, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

The tissue-specific expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in the cotton bollworm and the expression level induced by 2-tridecanone and quercetin were examined using the methods of biochemistry and the quantitative PCR. The relative expression level of GST mRNA was unanimous with the GSTs activity conjugaging with 1-chloro-2, 4-dimitro-benzene (CDNB) in fat bodies, midguts, heads and integuments of cotton bollworms. The GSTs activity in fat bodies was the highest, then midguts, heads and integuments in turn, which was in consistent with the relative expression level of GST mRNA. The specific activity of GSTs and the relative expression level of GST mRNA could be significantly induced by 2-tridecanone and quercetin, and after the induction the order of the GSTs activity and the relative expression level of GST mRNA in the above four tissues in cotton bollworms was not different from the control. The induction of GSTs by 2-tridecanone was stronger than by quercetin in all four tissues, which was in accordance with the relative expression level of GST mRNA. It suggested that the increase of GSTs activity induced by plant allelochemicals was associated with the elevated expression of GST mRNA in cotton bollworms.     

2—庚基呋喃和2—丁基噻吩对化学致癌的抑制作用

２－庚基呋喃（２－ｎ－ｈｅｐｔｙｌｆｕｒａｎ，简称ＨＦ）和２－丁基噻吩（２－ｎ－ｂｕｔｙｌｔｈｉｏｐｈｅｎｅ，简称ＢＴ）能诱导Ａ／Ｊ小鼠增加解毒酶系统中谷胱甘肽Ｓ－转移酶（ＧＳＴ）的活力，并能抑制致癌物（４－甲基亚硝胺基）－１－（３－吡啶基）－１－丁酮（简称ＮＮＫ）的致癌作用，这些结果表明，含有呋喃或噻吩的化合物可能是化学致癌作用的抑制剂。     

谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的研究

本文从组织细胞学分布、分子结构、分离纯化、酶学特性、硒的生物学作用诸方面,对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的现况予以综述,同时也阐明了该酶的生物学作用及应用前景.