低压铸造与紫铜结晶器研究

介绍了低压铸造的基本原理及优点,叙述了低压铸造技术在铜合金及紫铜材料领域的研究应用,研究了低压铸造紫铜的铸型材料选择及工艺设计方法,展望了低压铸造紫铜结晶器方面的发展前景,对实际生产具有一定的指导意义。     

冷变形织构沿纯铜线材径向分布的研究

为了探讨显微组织与形变织构的相关性,对纯铜线材运用精确的线材织构测定方法进行织构测定,采用取向分布函数法(ODF)分析了织构沿纯铜线材径向的分布.研究表明:单晶铜线材表面织构组分由〈100〉,〈112〉与〈110〉组成.由表及里〈100〉呈现增加趋势,并在中心层成为主要织构组分;〈112〉先增加后减少;〈110〉呈现减少趋势.多晶铜线材表面织构组分有〈100〉,〈111〉,〈112〉.由表及里〈100〉呈现先增加后减少;〈111〉呈现增加趋势,并在中心层与〈100〉成为主要织构组分;〈112〉先减少后增加.     

一种新的多目标粒子群算法的研究与应用

基于多目标粒子群优化算法的研究成果,以提升多目标优化方法性能为目标,结合铜电解稳态优化工程实际,提出了一种新的多目标优化粒子群算法.该方法采用可变的外部集策略和快速排序方法来减少优化计算量,采用拥挤度算子和强支配关系保证结果良好的分布性.测试函数的仿真对比分析及对铜电解实际过程数据的优化运行结果均表明该方法在收敛性、解的分布性及计算效率方面具有良好品质,特别是在求解三目标优化问题时的突出表现,表明这种算法在多目标优化领域具有更广泛的适用性.     

2(3)-四-(2-异丙基-5-甲基苯氧基)酞菁铜的合成、 光特性及电化学性质

利用分步合成方法在酞菁铜外围引入4个2-异丙基-5-甲基苯氧基团, 合成一种酞菁铜, 经过表征确定了化合物结构. 分析结果表明, 此化合物在低温近红外1 180 nm左右有较强的光磷光发光, 可作为潜在的近红外发光材料. 电化学的研究结果表明, 这种化合物的电化学过程是环上氧化还原的单电子过程.     

Characterization of Cu（Ⅱ） Ion Adsorption Behavior of the Polyacrylic Acid-Polyvinylidene Fluoride Blended Polymer

A blended polymer adsorbent prepared using acrylic acid and polyvinylidene fluoride was used to remove copper from aqueous solutions. The polymer was prepared using thermally induced polymerization and phase inversion. The blended polymer was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis （XRD）, environ- mental scanning electron microscopy （ESEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, and N2 adsorption/desorption experiments. The sorption data was fit to linearized adsorption isotherms of the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich （D-R） isotherms models. The batch sorption kinetics was evaluated using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion kinetic reaction models. △H0 is greater than 0, AGo is lower than 0, and △S0 is greater than 0, which shows that the adsorption of Cu （Ⅱ） by the blended polymer is a spontaneous, endothermic process. The adsorption isotherm fits better to the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetics model gives a better fit to the batch sorption kinetics. The adsorption mechanism is assumed to be ion exchange between the cupric ion and the carboxylic acid functional group of the blended polymer.     

配合物[Cu(H2biim)2Cl]ClO4·3H2O的合成和晶体结构

目的以联咪唑、氯化铜及高氯酸为原料合成了新的配合物[Cu（H2biim）2Cl]ClO4.3H2O,并对其结构进行研究。方法以H2biim和CuCl2.2H2O为原料,在水溶液中合成了标题化合物,测定了它的红外紫外光谱和单晶结构。结果X-单晶衍射分析表明该单晶属正交晶系,空间群为Fddd,晶胞参数a=1.217 2（2）nm,b=2.499 8（5）nm,c=2.578 8（5）nm,α=β=γ=90°,V=7.847（3）nm3,Z=16。结论晶体结构分析结果表明,配合物中Cu2＋处于一个畸变的四角锥配位环境,配位原子分别来自联咪唑的4个氮原子和一个氯离子,同时存在丰富的分子内和分子间氢键,构筑了一个三维的超分子体系。     

On the direct use of recovered scrap copper and saving copper with aluminum in the Chinese cable industry

The copper consumption by the Chinese cable industry amounted to 354 × 10^4 t in 2006, taking over 70 % of the total copper consumption in China in that year. At present, making copper rod directly from recovered scrap copper and saving copper with aluminum have become topics of general interests in the Chinese cable industry. The quality of the copper conductors in the industry is declining, resulting in sharp decrease in the rate of qualified wire and cable products. More and more copper wires are drawn from the rods made directly from scrap copper. The manufacturers know well some of the wires or rods are unqualified products though, they continue to use or produce products not complying with standards in order to make profits. Now the consumption of copper-clad-aluminum and copper-clad-steel is growing gradually. In 2006, the consumption of copper-clad-aluminum in China amounted to ca. 5 × 10^4 t. But in some applications, neither the common understanding between buyer and supplier nor the results of feasibility study are achieved in the product orientation and technical/economic feasibility in terms of saving copper with aluminum. This paper presents the status-quo, problems arisen and suggestions in terms of making copper rod directly from recovered scrap copper and saving copper with aluminum, in a view to promote these two topics of general interests to go toward a virtuous circle.     

不同收获期海州香薷铜吸收的动态变化规律

随着不同处理中Cu质量分数的提高,海州香薷植物体内Cu质量分数呈现2个斜率递增的阶段,海州香薷植株内Cu质量分数对外界Cu质量分数的响应曲线以0.02%为转折点,当Cu质量分数大于0.02%时曲线斜率显著增加。在开花初期,Cu400处理污染土壤中Cu清除量达到最大值27.2 mg/pot,其污染土壤重金属去除率仅为4.95%。而盛花期,各处理污染土壤中海州香薷植物内重金属含量均明显高于开花初期,Cu400处理污染土壤中Cu清除量达到最大值143 mg/pot,其污染土壤重金属去除率达26.0%,与开花初期差异显著(P<0.05)。     

多齿刀具制造铜纤维的表面形貌成形研究

金属纤维是一种新型多用途工程材料.利用多齿刀具在普通卧式车床上加工出了连续铜纤维,通过与拉拔法生产的铜纤维SEM观察对比,发现多齿刀具制造的铜纤维具有粗糙的茸状形貌表面结构特点.并应用切削试验对比了采用不同切削用量时铜纤维的表面形貌,研究了切削用量对于铜纤维的表面形貌的影响规律.实验结果表明切削速度对于铜纤维的表面形貌影响最大,背吃刀量和进给量影响较小.因此为获得具有茸状形貌表面结构特点的连续铜纤维,应该选择较小的切削速度,并根据当量直径的要求,选择合适的背吃刀量和进给量.     

国外某高云母难处理氧化铜矿选矿工艺研究

针对国外某高云母氧化铜矿开展选矿工艺研究.经工艺矿物学研究得知,以白云母为主的脉石矿物,与目的矿物在选矿时发生竞争吸附,在中矿中反复循环,致使铜精矿产出困难,闭路难以实现金属量的平衡等情况,在选矿工艺流程试验基础上,确定采用预先脱除云母-云母精矿磁选-氧化铜浮选的工艺流程.通过镜下检测发现,预先脱除的云母精矿中含有部分被褐铁矿包裹的微细粒黄铜矿,所以采用强磁法处理云母精矿,获得了磁选精矿含Cu(质量分数,下同)10.55%,Cu回收率0.99%,浮选铜精矿含Cu 20.14%,Cu回收率为84.76%的较好的选别指标,对同类矿床回收有价金属有一定的参考价值.