影响新疆阜康荒漠地区红砂光合日变化因素的分析

目的 研究新疆阜康荒漠区域优势植物红砂（Reaumuria soongorica）光合及其影响因子的日变化，分析蒸腾速率、光合有效辐射、空气温度、气孔导度、相对湿度、叶面温度、胞间CO2浓度和空气CO：浓度对光合速率的影响。方法利用CI-301 CO2气体分析仪，测定光合及其影响因子的日变化，并进行相关性和多重线性回归分析。结果光合速率日变化形成典型的双峰型；蒸腾速率的日变化曲线呈双峰型；光合有效辐射、空气温度日变化和叶面温度的日变化曲线相近，在午后均呈逐步降低趋势；气孔导度与生境相对湿度的日变化为先下降，然后保持在一定的水平上；水分利用率全天递减。空气CO2浓度、空气温度、相对湿度及叶面温度和气孔导度对红砂光合速率具有显著的影响。结论红砂光合速率日变化曲线形成典型的双峰型，温度是影响红砂光合特性的重要因子之一，气孔因素则是导致其光合速率下降的决定因素。     

从四元数到向量:向量概念演变的历史分析

目的 考察和分析从四元数到向量的发展历程。方法运用文献考证和历史分析的方法对向量概念的演变进行研究。结果现代向量系统是从四元数发展而来的，是寻找物理现象的数学表示的结果；通过对哈密顿四元数与格拉斯曼系统的对比分析指出其历史的必然性。结论向量概念的演变主要是为了满足物理学的需要，它揭示了科学变革的一般规律。     

国际HPM的发展历程及启示

目的探讨国际HPM的发展及启示。方法科学史文献研究。结果介绍了国际HPM兴起的原因；着重介绍了HPM最近20多年的发展，包括HPM团队的发展、HPM学术会议的举办情况、HPM活动期间出版的各类刊物、HPM的前任主席等方面的情况。同时，介绍了世界上不同国家和地区HPM的活动情况。结论国际HPM的发展对于中国数学教育改革具有借鉴意义。     

N-氯乙酰基-5-芳氧甲基-2-噁唑烷酮类化合物的合成

目的研究N-氯乙酰基-5-芳氧甲基-2-噁唑烷酮类化合物的合成方法。方法以三乙胺为催化剂，甲苯为溶剂，在110℃反应3h制备目标产物，并对产物进行了薄层色谱、元素分析、红外、核磁的分析鉴定和表征。结果合成了7种化合物，产率大于80％。结论反应条件温和，方法简单，具有较好的应用价值。     

^210Pbex depth distribution in soil and calibration models for assessment of soil erosion rates from ^210Pbex measurements

Throughout the past decade, the potential for using nuclear weapon-produced 137Cs ( half-life 30.2 a) fallout to quantify soil erosion rates on both cultivated and uncul- tivated lands for medium-term timescales (≈ 40 a) has been successfully demonstrated in a wide range of envi- ronments in different regions of the world[1—6]. Because in difficulties of distinguishing Chernobyl-derived compo- nent from total 137Cs input in many parts of Europe, and in measuring low activity samples of…     

The age of formation of the mirabilite and sand wedges in the Hexi Corridor and their paleoclimatic interpretation

The Hexi Corridor is located at the transition zone of the Asian summer monsoon and westerly airflow, and lies in an important position in terms of its ecological fragility and climatic sensitivity. During a recent field expedition to this region, we found a sedimentary mirabilite layer in a number of localities including Suwushan, Yanchi, Baitujing, Yanchi Gaotai, Huahai, Yumen, Halanuo扙r, and Dunhuang (Fig. 1), which have the potential to provide important information about environmenta…     

Characterization of MASDs of surface soils in north China and its influence on estimating dust emission

Inordertoquantitivelyevaluateeffectsofdustaerosolonradiativeforcing[1],andtounderstandtheprocessofatmosphericchemistryandbiogeochemistry[2,3],modelingthedustemissionfluxisakindoffundamentalwork.TheDPMmodel[4—6]isidealforpredictingdustemission[7—10]becauseitconsiderseffectsofsurfacefea-tures(MASDofsurfacesoil,roughnesslengthandsoilmoisture,etc)andsandblastingprocess.Italsoprovidesanexplicitphysicalmechanismthatisvalidatedbywindtunnelandfieldexperiments[7—10].Themeandiameterofsurfacesoilsi…     

Relationship between Earth-Sun-Moon 1000 Ma ago： Evidence from the stromatolites

Stromatolitesareusuallyinterpretedastheorgano-sedimentarystructurescausedbythegrowthandmetabo-lismofmicro-organisms,principallycyanobacteriaandprecipitatedmineralgrainstrappedtothestickylay-ers[1—5].Asthesunlightisstrongindaytime,thealgaefila-mentsshowstrongactivityinphotosynthesisandgrowtowardsunlight.Ontheotherhand,asthesunlightisweakatnight,thealgaefilamentsshowinactivityinphotosyn-thesisandgrowhorizontally.Duringthecourseofgrowth,thealgaewillproducesomeglutinoussecretionwhichcancatchsedim…     

Study on screening and cultivation conditions of xylanase-producing alkalophilic bacterial

Xylanisthemajorcomponentofplantcellwallsandthemostabundantpentosaninnature.Xylancontainsβ 1,4 linkedd xylosebackboneswitharabinose,4 O methyl d glucuronicacid,andaceticacidsubstituents[1 ] .Thexylan degradingen zymesincludeendoxylanase(1,4 β d xylanxylanohydrolase;EC3.2 .1.8)and β xylosidase (1,4 β d xylanxylanohydrolase;EC 3.2 .1.37) .xylanasedegradesthexylanbackboneintoxylo bioseandxylooligosaccharides,whileβ xylosidasereleasesxylosylresiduesfromthenonreducingendsofxylooligosaccha…     

Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and background winds

Using the nonlinear propagating gravity waves (GW) model in the two-dimensional compressible atmosphere and the linear GW theory, the process of GW propagation in different background winds, e.g. the direction of the background wind is opposite to (dead wind) or the same as (tail wind) the direction of the horizontal phase velocity of GW, is studied. The results show that the dead wind prolongs the vertical wavelength and accelerates GW propagation. Therefore, GW propagates up to a higher height becomes instable in a short time and eventually induces an inverse jet flow. Then, the vertical wavelength is becoming short due to the nonlinear interactions between GW and the inverse jet flow. The vertical wavelength and group velocity decrease after GW propagates into the tail wind. The initial instable time is delayed. Although most of GW is trapped in the instable region, some of GW propagates above the instable region. Compared with GW propagation in the tail wind, the nonlinear interactions between GW and the dead wind are also strong. In contrast, the linear GW theory predicts that GW can propagate freely in the dead wind. The vertical wavelength simulated by the nonlinear numerical model is different from that predicted by the linear theory greatly after GW propagates into the dead wind.