蟾蜍的迷走神经及其递质对血液凝固的影响

作者利用刺激、切断与药物阻断蟾蜍迷走神经的方法,探讨迷走神经在血液凝固中的作用。结果表明,刺激迷走神经和注射Ach均使血液凝固加速,切断迷走神经与阿托品阻断时血液凝固延缓,交感神经对血液凝固无影响。提示蟾蜍的迷走神经对血液凝固有促进作用。     

中华大蟾蜍圆核定位及细胞形态的研究

用立体定位技术，对７２只中华大蟾蜍圆核进行阳极电解烧灼损毁，找出圆核三度空间座标，并通电损毁，电流１５０μＡ，电压１００Ｖ，持续时间８ｓ，再采用冰冻切片、亚甲基蓝梁色法将标本制片观察，结果表明：损毁部位准确，损毁直径为０．０５ｍｍ。用Ｇｏｌｇｉ－Ｃｏｘ浸染法观察中华大蟾蜍圆核神经元细胞形态，发现神经元体有梨形、梭形和星形等３种，其中以梭形为主。神经元体直径在３－１０μｍ不等，以６μｍ者为多，此外，     

鲁南地区蟾、蛙崇拜的双向考察

鲁南地区河流纵横,丘陵连绵,野生动物多,在众多的野生动物中,蟾蜍、青蛙为望族。夏雨过后,池塘、沟河,蛙声一片;田野道旁,蟾蜍觅食。当地民众视它为吉祥物,奉它们为保护神,甚至尊为祖先,举行     

去甲肾上腺素与亮氨酸脑啡肽在蟾蜍离体肠段收缩中的作用

实验采用中华大蟾蜍(Bufo Bufo gargarizans)离体肠段,观察了去甲肾上腺素(NE)和亮氨酸脑啡肽(L—ENK)对蟾蜍离体肠段的自发收缩和电场诱发收缩中的作用,并对递质的相互作用以及递质的作用与动物机能状态的关系进行了初步分析.结果表明,NE 对饱食状态下的肠段自发及诱发收缩具有抑制作用,而对较长时间饥饿状态下的肠段产生兴奋作用,L—ENK 的作用相反,经典递质和肽递质的作用可相互调节和变化,从而适应不同的机能状态.     

澳洲蟾酥三氯甲烷提取物抑瘤作用的研究

用澳洲蟾蜍（Ｂｕｆｏｍａｒｉｎｕｓ）皮脂腺分泌物（蟾酥）的三氯甲烷提取物（Ｏ．Ｒ）进行的抗肿瘤实验表明，其可以延长载有腹水肝癌（Ｈｃａ）细胞的津白Ⅰ号（ＴＡ—１）小鼠的生存期，并对ＴＡ—１小鼠移植性子宫颈癌（Ｕ（１４））实体瘤的生长有一定抑制作用，本研究为该药物资源的开发利用提供了依据。     

花背蟾蜍内胚层细胞核在核移植胚胎LDH表达上的等能性

研究了花背蟾蜍发育不同阶段内胚层细胞核为供体的核移植胚胎的LDH同工酶。发育20期之前的核移植胚胎整体的LDH同工酶谱均与发育同期正常受精的胚胎结果一致。发育20期之后,分别取肝、鳃、脑及肠进行分析,核移植胚胎的LDH同工酶表现也与对照组基本一致,表明花背蟾蜍早期发育不同阶段的内胚层细胞核在核移植胚胎LDH同工酶表达上具有全能性。     

污水诱发花背蟾蜍蝌蚪红细胞微核率变化的初探

用污水对花背蟾蜍蝌蚪染毒7天后,对其诱发的红细胞微核率进行检测,结果表明:除1/15污水组外,其余各组红细胞的微核率和出现微核的细胞率都显示有明显意义的升高(x~2≥13.85,p<0.001)。对不同剂量的污水诱发红细胞微核率变化的敏感性进行比较,排列顺序是:1/45污水组<1/40污水组<1/35污水组>1/30污水组>1/25污水组>1/20污水组>对照组>1/15污水组。     

Application of Xenopus laevis in ecotoxicology (I)—Introduction and quality control of laboratory animal

The aim of the series of papers is to discuss the application of Xenopus laevis, as model animal in biology, in ecotoxicology. X. laevis as model animal is wildly used in biological study and has provided a lot of relating data because of many advantages, such as living in water and being easily maintained, laying eggs in the whole year, and externally fertilizing and developing. Embryos and larvae of X. laevis like other amphibians are directly exposed in the aquatic environment and sensitive to pollutants. In addition, sex differentiation and sex organ development of X. laevis are sensitive to sex hormones and endocrine disruptors with sex hormone activities, which enable X. laevis to be used in studies on sex hormone disruption and reproductive toxicity of endocrine disruptors. Metamorphic development of X. laevis is very sensitive to thyroid hormones and thyroid disruptors, which enables X. laevis to be used for evaluating thyroid disruptors. Also, X. laevis ecotoxicology can be linked with amphibian population declines and malformed frog occurrence, being one of the hotspots in ecology. Thus, more and more laboratories have introduced X. laevis to ecotoxicological study. The quality of laboratory animals correlates with scientificity and reliability of results from animal experiments. It is especially important for toxicology. Quality control of X. laevis involving several factors such as water and food is discussed in this paper.     

不同温度对花背蟾蜍后期胚胎发育的影响

该文探讨了不同温度对花背蟾蜍后期胚胎发育的影响.实验结果表明,在14～32℃范围内,均有一定比例的胚胎正常生长,但在20～26℃范围内,胚胎发育的成功率较高;室温下(12～20℃)胚胎发育成功率更高.11℃和35℃分别是胚胎停止发育和致死的温度限.