东北粗皮蛙线粒体 DNA 遗传多样性分析

本文通过对东北粗皮蛙29个样本线粒体DNA控制区和细胞色素b基因部分序列分析,探讨其遗传多样性和种群遗传结构。 PCR扩增和测序结果,获得587bp的线粒体DNA控制区序列和895bp的细胞色素b基因序列。合并线粒体DNA序列分析,共定义14个单倍型,16个变异位点,单倍型多样性（H）为0．704,核苷酸多样性（π）为0．001,平均核苷酸差异数为1．438,表明东北粗皮蛙遗传多样性较低。分子变异分析（AMOVA）结果表明,种群内变异占全部遗传变异的98．13％,群体间没有遗传分化（FST ＝0．0187）,因此应加强对东北粗皮蛙野生种群的保护。     

一类一致Fb—凸多目标半无限规划的最优性条件

利用Clarke广义梯度，引入了一致Fb-凸，一致Fb-伪凸和一致Fb-拟凸等几类非光滑非凸函数的概念，得到了涉及这些凸性的一类非光滑多目标半无限规划的一些Kuhn-Tucker型最优性条件。     

Revision and biogeographical analysis of the black-chinned tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron (Teleostei,Cichlidae): results of morphometric,allozyme, globin chain and mtDNA studies

Morphometric, allozyme, globin chain and cytochrome b analyses were used for a revision of the subspecies complex of the black-chinned tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852. Three out of four subspecies are recognized as valid: S. m. melanotheron (Ivory Coast to Benin), S. m. heudelotii (Senegal to Guinea) and S. m. leonensis (Sierra Leone to Liberia). The fourth subspecies, S. m. nigripinnis, is raised to the species level S. nigripinnis and is composed of the nominate subspecies S. n. nigripinnis known from Gabon and a newly introduced subspecies, S. n. dolloi, originally described as Tilapia dolloi and previously synonymized with S. m. nigripinnis. It is presently known from the mouth of the Congo to the Lower Kouilou. Phylogenetically, populations from the most eastern range, e.g. Gabon/Congo, are considered to represent the most ancient populations. From this area of origin, the western range of West Africa (Senegal to Benin) was colonized. Two independent colonization events are indicated by allozyme and mtDNA analyses. The initial invasion of the western range of West Africa could be dated back to about 2.5 million years ago.     

弱核条件下的T（b）定理的小波证明

研究弱核条件下的T(b)定理，并且在b=1+ia′(x)，-M<a′<M，M>0以及b是仿增长函数情况下，利用小波证明了T(b)定理.     

秩2对称(a,b)矩阵中元素a的可能个数

设a和b是两个不同的实数,如果一个矩阵的元素为a或b,我们称这样的矩阵为(a,b),根据a、b的不同取值,分四种情形分析了秩2对称(a,b)矩阵的结构,给出了秩2对称(a,b)矩阵中元素a的可能个数。     

重组人干扰素α-2b-卡介苗（hIFN—α-2b—BCG）药物敏感性分析

通过BACTECMGITTM960全自动分枝杆菌培养鉴定／药敏仪对重组人干扰素α-2b卡介苗hIFN-α-2b-BCG）菌株进行利福平等10种抗菌药物的敏感性试验,以野生BCG作对照观察药物对重组BCG菌株活性的潜在影响．结果发现：重组人干扰素α-2b-卡介苗在系统感染上对喹酮类的氧氟沙星、环丙沙星敏感,对氨基糖苷类药物的庆大霉素和卡那霉素耐药．在抗结核类药物中,除对吡嗪酰胺耐药外,外利福平等其他几种抗生素均敏感．因尿液回收率高,几乎所有的抗茵药物都对膀胱中的菌株有影响．     

线粒体基因种属鉴定复合扩增体系

针对cyt b基因和ND6基因序列,设计两对引物,以14种常见动物（包括人）生物性检材为对象进行PCR扩增,产物经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）、硝酸银染色进行分析。结果证明,两条电泳条带者为人样本,分别是cyt b基因片段（358 bp）和ND6基因片段（181 bp）;一条电泳条带者为动物来源,是358 bp cyt b基因片段。在37.5μL PCR反应体系中最小检出模板量为0.25 pg基因组DNA。检材在4℃、室温和37℃温度下,经过4个月后均可获得正确的种属区分。高度潮湿环境中放置50 d的检材、形成于水泥地面、墙面、泥土等基质上的血痕,本方法可得到正确区分。由此建立的种属鉴定的线粒体基因复合扩增体系,其检测片段短、灵敏度高、操作简易,适合法医学上微量、降解、陈旧检材的种属判定。     

褐藻胶裂解酶基因的克隆、表达载体构建以及表达条件的研究

以产褐藻胶裂解酶的紫色链霉菌(Streptomyces violaceoruber)为出发菌株,应用基因工程技术,将褐藻胶裂解酶aly基因进行克隆,并构建了该基因的重组表达载体pET23b(+)-aly.通过表达条件的初步优化,实现了aly基因在大肠杆菌Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)中的成功表达.在IPTG诱导浓度为0.1mmol/L,诱导时间为8h,诱导温度为16℃的条件下,细胞破壁后上清中ALY粗酶液活力为6U/mg.根据褐藻胶裂解酶ALY的蛋白质结构预测结果推断该酶属于Algi-nate lyase-2家族,理论pI为8.85,理论分子量大小为28 500,化学式为C1252N1920H356O394S9.SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳检测发现,ALY蛋白的分子量约为28 000,与预测的蛋白分子量较为接近.     

Molecular phylogenetic status of Siberian roe deer （Capreolus pygargus） based on mitochondrial cytochrome b from Jeju Island in Korea

In order to elucidate the genetic diversity and taxonomic status of Siberian roe deer （Capreolus pygar- gus） from the Korean peninsula, partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene were analyzed. We col- lected 57 roe deer samples from Mainland and Jeju Island between July 2004 and June 2009. A total of 50 sequences （1,070 bp） were obtained, and seven haplotypes were defined. Five haplotypes were found from Mainland, and two were discovered from Jeju Island. The genetic diver- sity was lower in the Jeju Island population than in the Mainland population. In addition, both the consensus neighbor-joining tree and maximum parsimony tree showed an identical topology between the Mainland and Jeju Island clades. Based on the results, two subspecies of the Korean roe deer were confirmed. Siberian roe deer in Jeju Island showed a distinct difference in the cytochrome b gene compared with other Siberian roe deer, being aunique native species inhabiting only Jeju Island in Korea. Because Siberian roe deer in Jeju Island can be classified at subspecies level, the new subspecies in Jeju was named Capreolus pygargus jejuensis in this study. For this new subspecies, reasonable conservation and management effort is needed in the future.     

[a,b]-因子不包含给定独立集的充分条件

设G是一个图且a、b为非负整数，a≤ b。图G的一个[a ，b]-因子是图G的一个支撑子图H ，且满足对所有的 x ∈ V （G），a ≤ dH （x）≤ b都成立。文章研究了最小度与[a ，b]因子之间的关系，证明了若δ（G）≥（a＋ b）n/（a＋2b），那么G中总有[a ，b]-因子不包含给定独立集I。