菊苣酸脂质体制备工艺研究

研究菊苣酸脂质体的最佳制备工艺。采用薄膜分散-超声法制备菊苣酸脂质体,以包封率为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken design响应面优化法优化制备工艺参数。结果显示最佳制备工艺为：磷脂与胆固醇的质量比为4.20:1,磷脂与药物的质量比为11.44:1,超声时间为6.54 min,采用最优工艺制备的脂质体包封率为75.18%。采用Box Behnken design响应面法优选出了最佳制备工艺,所得工艺合理可行。     

脂质体模型在抗菌肽膜作用机制研究中的应用进展

抗菌肽是一种阳离子、两亲性的膜活性多肽,具有广谱抗菌活性,改变膜渗透性,且对宿主正常细胞的毒副作用较小的特点.近年来研究表明,抗菌肽最基本的作用方式是破坏细菌的细胞膜结构,因此抗菌肽膜作用机制的研究引起了人们的广泛关注.为了研究抗菌肽与细菌细胞膜的相互作用,根据细胞膜磷脂成分的差异,以脂质体模拟细胞膜的模型,逐步成为抗菌肽结构与功能研究中的常用方法.对脂质体模型在抗菌肽结构、功能以及膜作用方式等研究中的作用、意义和方法进行了综述.     

Progress in fabricating arrays of soft spherical vessels on mesoscale with spatial control

Microarrays of spherical vessel-like colloids such as liposomes, polymerized vesicles and polyelectrolyte capsules may find diverse applications in bioanalysis, biosensing, and combinatorial chemistry, for their capabilities in encapsulating chemical species such as drugs, biomolecules, probes, polymers and nanoparticles. This review reports the advances on methods for fabricating microarrays of the various hollow colloids. Related strategies are described in detail, including patterning techniques, surface modification methods, and tethering approaches such as oligonucleotide hybridization, receptor-ligand binding, covalent coupling and electrostatic interaction. The preliminary developments of functionalities of these arrays serving as sensor chips, microcarriers and microreactors are summarized as well.     

A new method for uniform local heating deep in body using ultrasound phased-array system

A new method for targeted heating of deep tissue was developed by using an ultrasound phased-array system which can generate various multiple foci patterns by electronically changing its amplitude or phase pattern. This method involves using a technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns to create a uniform temperature over tissue volumes in various size. Using this method, the target tissue deep in the body can be heated to a specified temperature, which gives conditions for thermo-sensitive liposomes release. A simulation study for a 108-element, spherically sectioned array was performed to determine an optimal heating scheme from a set of multiple focus fields which were produced by inputting different combinations of phases and amplitudes. Comparisons of a static multiple foci field, the switched fields and the switched-rotated fields indicated that the technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns has advantages of both lowering the peak temperature and evening the temperature distribution. The simulation results also show that the therapeutic heating zones in various size employing the combined method. These results offer significant data for designing thermotherapy equipment for tumor-specific drug release with thermo-sensitive liposomes.     

Cypate介导的靶向热敏纳米脂质体用于肿瘤成像和光热触发的药物释放

本文合成了一种新型多功能的纳米靶向脂质体药物递送系统,即所述的光热敏感脂质体（PTSL）,它的水溶性层掺杂了阿霉素作为治疗剂,同时它的疏水层包裹了Cypate作为诊断剂外层磷脂修饰了靶向穿膜肽H_4-1.测试了PTSL的物理性质,稳定性以及脂质体的装载性能,合成的纳米复合材料具有针对性,稳定性和精准性,具有载药量（DL）9±1.5%和包封率（EE）82.7±2.1%.其Tm值落在43.1℃,其温度可以被认为能够显示有效的热疗法,但不燃烧的正常组织的合适温度.提高脂质体的Tm温度达到热敏脂质体的热敏温度,脂质体崩解同时包裹的化疗药物释放.与此同时,在细胞器水平上,PTSLs主要位于细胞质.当暴露在近红外光下,所述的Cypate可以产生单线态氧,从而引起膜的破裂.该脂质体可以实现靶向输送,增强光化学内化释放,化疗和热疗的功能.实验表明该PTSL是一种有前途的药物递送系统,用于肿瘤的诊断和靶向治疗.     

正交试验法优选鬼臼毒素新型脂质体的制备工艺

确立鬼臼毒素新型脂质体的最佳制备工艺.采用正交设计方法对最佳制备工艺进行实验,以氢化磷脂与胆固醇比例、氢化磷脂与PAMAM dendrimer G3.5脂质小球的比例、氢化磷脂与鬼臼毒素的比例、旋转蒸发温度为4个因素,包封率为考察指标,筛选出鬼臼毒素新型脂质体最佳制备工艺.优选出鬼臼毒素新型脂质体的制备工艺为氢化磷脂:胆固醇=20:3.26,氢化磷脂:PAMAMdendrimer G3.5脂质小球=20:0.5,氢化磷脂:鬼臼毒素=20:1.5,旋转蒸发温度为45℃.所选工艺制备的成品符合脂质体的质量标准.     

尼群地平脂质体的制备方法及性能研究

研究尼群地平脂质体的处方和制备工艺,用聚乙烯醇（PVA）包覆脂质体以提高脂质体的包封率和稳定性。用薄膜分散法,采用正交设计的原理制备尼群地平脂质体并测定了脂质体的包封率和粒径。实验结果表明该工艺方法可以制备包封率较高和稳定性较好的尼群地平脂质体。     

Production of human lysozyme-transgenic cloned porcine embryos by somatic nuclear transfer

Due to their physiology and organ size, pigs have significant potential as human disease models and as organ transplantation donors. Genetic modification of pigs could provide benefits for both agriculture and human medicine. In this study, five fetal pig fibroblast cell lines from two species (Wuzhishan and Landrace pigs) were transfected using double-marked human lysozyme (HLY) plasmids (pBC1-HLY-GFP-NEO) by a liposome-mediated method. The ratio of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing cells was >95% in sw7, sw8, slw3 and slw6 cell lines, but only 49.3% in slw9 cells. Cells from the four highly transgenic lines were used as nuclear donors to construct embryos, which were then cultured after fusion and activation by electric stimulation. The rate of cleavage was 76.7%, 48 h after activation. After 7 days, 18.5% of cleaved eggs had developed to the blastocyst stage and 93.3% of blastocysts were GFP-positive. These results indicate that transgenic fetal pig fibroblast cell lines could be obtained by a liposome-mediated method, though the transfection efficiency varied between cell lines. Reconstructed embryos derived from transgenic cells could successfully develop into blastocysts, most of which were GFP-positive.     

吐温-80和脂质体对厚朴酚荧光光谱的影响

分析厚朴酚在吐温-80胶束和脂质体溶液中荧光光谱的变化,发现：1）浓度为2mmol·L^-1的吐温-80胶束对厚朴酚有荧光增敏作用,厚朴酚存在于吐温-80的疏水核中,其荧光光谱发生了明显的红移;2）在4mg·mL^-1的脂质体溶液中,厚朴酚的荧光光谱变得复杂,谱图信息反映厚朴酚同时存在于水相和双脂层膜相中,且在二者之间存在分配平衡,通过测定λ365、λ397处的荧光光谱随厚朴酚浓度的变化,得到了厚朴酚在脂质体膜相和水相中的分配平衡关系;3）脂质体溶液中加入吐温-80,厚朴酚在双脂层膜相中的分布增加,其荧光光谱发生了红移．     

脂质体磷脂与抗体蛋白的偶联方法

为使蛋白质分子(如抗体)易于在脂质体表面发生交联,同时能很容易地控制表面覆盖的范围,文中探讨一种简单而易于控制的免疫脂质体制备方法．通过添加一定比例的直链醛,并与卵磷脂、胆固醇混合,采用逆相蒸发法制备脂质体．研究结果表明,双层脂质分子中直链醛(十一醛)的亲水醛基暴露在水相中,能与抗体蛋白中的氨基形成席夫碱,并能通过改变最初与脂质混合时所使用的醛量来改变表面覆盖的范围．所制备的免疫脂质体抗体活性大大提高．