New pyrometallurgical process of EAF dust treatment with CaO addition

The non-carbothermic zinc pyrometallurgical processing of electric arc furnace (EAF) dust was investigated on a laboratory scale. The main objective of this process was to convert highly stable zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄), which accounts for more than half of total zinc in the EAF dust, into ZnO and Ca₂Fe₂O₅ by CaO addition. The EAF dust was mixed with CaO powder in various ratios, pressed into pellets, and heated in a muffle furnace in air at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1100℃ for a predetermined holding time. All ZnFe₂O₄ was transformed into ZnO and Ca₂Fe₂O₅ at a minimum temperature of 900℃ within 1 h when sufficient CaO to achieve a Ca/Fe molar ratio of 1.1 was added. However, at higher temperatures, excess CaO beyond the stoichiometric ratio was required because it was consumed by reactions leading to the formation of compounds other than ZnFe₂O₄. The evaporation of halides and heavy metals in the EAF dust was also studied. These components could be preferentially volatilized into the gas phase at 1100℃ when CaO was added.     

应用渗透棒提高煤层注水效果研究

从煤化学角度对煤层注水机理进行基础研究与实验,对影响注水因素进行了综合分析,提出了煤层注水机理的理论模型和完善的煤体孔隙表面润湿机理。通过大量的正交复配试验研制出了具有使用方便、性能良好的注水用渗透棒,并提出了简单易行的渗透棒生产工艺。淮北矿业集团现场实践证明,采用在煤层注水中添加渗透棒较好解决了煤层注水工艺中注水量少,降尘率低等问题,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

郑州地区石料加工企业污染当量测算研究

研究了石料加工企业生产过程中产生的颗粒物及其排放量与企业规模、生产工艺、气象条件等的关系．参照相关模式经验公式,计算出了不同规模石料加工企业颗粒物排放量及平均排放量,并换算为污染当量．为加强石料加工企业的环境管理,合理征收排污费提供科学依据．     

光波在沙尘介质中传输的分析

在实际沙尘暴传输过程观测中,发现粒子杂质含量不断增加,且光信号衰减量随高度增加而减小. 针对这一情况,应用Mie 理论得到了含水量占50% 且硫酸盐含量不断增加时,单个沙尘粒子的吸收、散射和衰减效率因子随粒子尺度参数的变化,沙尘群体的吸收和散射系数随波长变化以及沙尘群体的衰减系数与峰值半径之间的关系. 仿真数值显示：随着硫酸盐含量的增加,单个沙尘粒子的吸收效率因子不断增加,散射效率因子不断减小,总的衰减效率因子变化不大;沙尘粒子群体的光学特征与单个粒子的相同,峰值半径变化时衰减系数的变化比较明显;随高度的增加,沙尘的衰减系数逐渐减小.     

商用车车身底部尘土污染分析及优化

针对某商用车发动机舱冷却气流导致严重的扬尘问题进行分析研究,通过风扇不同转速下的车底扬尘模拟实验来确定导致扬尘的最低转速,对车底风速进行测试,确定扬尘风速的临界点。通过计算流体动力学仿真,在保证散热性能的前提下,比较了延长护风圈和加导流板两种方案,发现延长50 mm的护风圈和增加10°的导流板扬尘效果最为显著。在两者共同作用下,车底风速降至扬尘临界点以下以及扬尘颗粒数减少75%。通过实车道路测试验证优化方案效果。     

认识PM2.5

随着工业的发展,机动车辆的增多,污染物排放和大气颗粒物大量增加,直接导致了大气能见度降低,使得整个城市看起来灰蒙蒙一片。研究表明,大气颗粒物中的PM2.5是能见度降低的主要原因。本文就PM2.5的定义、成分与来源、危害、与能见度的关系、监测技术、相关标准,以及防治手段等进行了介绍。     

Research on mine dustfall agents based on the mechanism of wetting and coagulation

Mine dust is classified as one of five natural coal mining disasters because it can harm the health of miners and poses a serious threat to the safety of the coal mine. Therefore, preparation of an effective dust suppression agent is highly desired. To improve the capture efficiency of fine dust, this study examines the dust suppression effects of various combinations of wetting agents, additives, and coagulation agents by using the optimum seeking method to reduce mine dust, particularly respirable particles. The optimal formula is shown to contain 10wt% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (JFC), 4.96wt% cationic polyacrylamide, and 4wt% calcium chloride. The dust suppression effect can be achieved at 96.1% in 5 min by using the optimal formula.     

贵阳建筑扬尘PM_(10)排放及环境影响的模拟研究

为了研究贵阳建筑扬尘的环境影响,根据对建筑和市政施工工程的调查,估算了贵阳市区2002年建筑扬尘的PM10排放量,并利用CALPUFF模型模拟了建筑扬尘对PM10浓度的贡献,分析了其季节变化及影响因素。结果表明,2002年贵阳城区建筑扬尘的PM10排放量为416t,占PM10排放总量的4%。建筑扬尘对贵阳市区较大范围内的PM10浓度水平均有影响,对整个城区PM10的年均浓度贡献接近12%。受施工强度以及风场和降水等气象因素作用,建筑扬尘排放的影响体现出明显的季节变化。     

Fractal Characteristics of Aerosols Deposition in the Fiber Surface

To study the effects of particle motion mechanism and size distribution on fractal dimension of dust cake structure,the process of aerosol particles deposition in fibrous filtration medium was simulated on basis of Diffusion-Limited Aggregation(DLA)improving model.In this study,effects of inertia movement and diffusion movement on particles deposition would be considered.In the mean while,ratio of inertia movement to diffusion movement was defined as Pe number.The results show that surface curve of dust cak...     

塔里木盆地沙尘天气的气候特征

利用塔里木盆地周边28个气象站1961—2003年逐日地面观测资料,分析了沙尘天气 的空间分布特征和时间演变规律,在构建多元线性回归影响因子模型的基础上,探讨了气温 、地温日较差、气压、平均风速、降水量5个气候因子对沙尘天气的影响程度,建立了沙尘 指数。塔里木盆地沙尘天气有着明显的地域分布特征和季节变化,春季是高发期,沙尘日数 与气候因子季节变化的关系非常密切。沙尘日数年际变化呈明显的减少趋势,具有6～9 a的 振荡周期。3—9月盆地沙尘天气的主要影响因子依次是平均风速、降水量和地温日较差。春 季降水量占主导地位,6—9月平均风速占主导地位。选取各月对沙尘天气影响有意义的气候 因子建立了沙尘指数,它在时间序列上对沙尘天气有很好的反映,可用来做沙尘天气出现日 数的气候预测。