掺杂LaNiO3型双功能氧电极的研究--溶胶-凝胶制备方法

为了得到高性能的双效氧电极，研究了钙钛矿型掺杂LaNiO3电催化剂的溶胶-凝胶制备方法，通过热重-差热分析、红外分析、XRD分析以及催化剂的粒径分布分析等手段，探讨了pH值、柠檬酸用量以及焙烧制度对催化剂制备的影响。结果表明，制备LaNiO3的溶胶-凝胶法的最佳工艺条件是：柠檬酸的用量为金属离子总物质的量的1．5倍；pH值调节为9；焙烧制度为在750℃下焙烧2h。     

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas in tubular oxygen-permeable reactor

A dense Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ membrane tube was prepared by the extruding method. Furthermore, a membrane reactor with this tubular membrane was successfully applied to partial oxidation of methane (POM) reaction, in which the separation of oxygen from air and the partial oxidation of methane are integrated in one process. At 875℃, 94% of methane conversion, 98% of CO selectivity, 95% of H₂ selectivity, and as high as 8.8 mL/(min · cm²) of oxygen flux were obtained. In POM reaction condition, the membrane tube shows a very good stability.     

负载型La0.8Sr0.2MnO3＋x催化剂对CO氧化的催化活性

用浸渍法将钙钛矿型复合氧化物成功地载于多孔陶瓷载体上．用ＸＲＤ分析了催化剂的晶相组成，对负载型和非负载纯钙钛矿相催化剂的催化活性作了对比研究．结果表明Ｌａ０．８Ｓｒ０．２ＭｎＯ３＋ｘ复合氧化物负载于多孔陶瓷上，其活性有大幅度提高     

Ca^2＋离子对Na扩散（Sr,Ca）TiO3系电容—压敏陶瓷结构与性能的影响

研究了Ｃａ＾２＋离子（＜５０ｍｏｌ％）对Ｎａ扩散（Ｓｒ，Ｃａ）ＴｉＯ３系电容－压敏陶瓷结构与性能的影响。ＸＲＤ及ＩＲ吸收谱的实验结果表明，Ｃａ＾２＋离子的加入，使立方钙钛矿结构发生畸变。这些结构上的变化，使得当Ｃａ＾２＋离子含量增加时，晶粒电阻率上升，晶粒尺寸减小；在Ｃａ＾２＋离子的含量约小于３０ｍｏｌ％时，随Ｃａ＾２＋离子含量的增加，经Ｎａ扩散热处理后陶瓷的视在介电系数增加，压敏电压降低。尤其是     

Regularities of formation and lattice distortion of perovskite-type compounds

Based on 489 known perovskite-type complex oxides and a number of other type complex oxides, the pattern recognition-atomic parameter method is adopted to find regularities of the formation and the lattice distortion of the perovskite structure. It has been found that the restriction on Goldschmidt's t factor constitutes only a necessary but not a sufficient condition to form perovskite-type compounds. A more effective mathematical model, which can precisely sum up the regularities of the formation, the lattice distortion,and the cell constants of known perovskite-type compounds and reliably make corresponding predictions on unknown compounds, can be set up by integrating multiple atomic parameters such as ionic radii, ionic valency, and Basanov's electronegativity of constituent elements. Based on it, an intelligent database has been implemented. Its prediction accuracy is tested by eight newly discovered perovskite-type compounds such as Eu(Mn0.5 Ni0.5)O3, etc. (they are not included in the database during the test). The prediction resuits are in agreement with experimental facts.     

Y掺杂BaZrO3质子导体的常压和高压合成及表征

利用固相反应法和高压高温法研究BaZr_1-xYxO₃(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)的合成. XRD和Raman谱结果表明, 在常压和1 300 ℃进行固相反应不能得到纯立方钙钛矿相BaZr_1-xYxO₃. 对上述样品进行高压（3.6 GPa）再处理, 低掺杂量样品（x=0,0.05）在500 ℃时得到较纯的立方钙钛矿相, 表明增加压力可促进固相反应; 在高掺杂量样品（x≥0.1）中出现少量BaCO₃和m-ZrO₂相, 表明增加压力不利于固相反应. 高压合成样品的晶格常数和晶胞体积均小于常压合成的样品. 保持压力不变, 当温度为1 000 ℃时, 各样品均出现明显的BaO杂相. 表明在500 ℃时, 高压处理可提高BaZr_1-xYxO_{3相似文献}   

CuO添加对0.2(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3+0.8CeO2复合介质陶瓷微波性能影响的研究

采用固相合成法制备CuO掺杂的0.2(Na0.5La0.5)TiO3 0.8CeO2复合微波介质陶瓷材料.研究了CuO对该复合体系的烧结性能、微观结构和微波介电性能的影响.研究表明,CuO有效地降低了该复合体系的烧结温度,改善了体系的微观结构.随CuO含量的增加,体系的介电常数εr和Qf值均不断下降.当CuO的掺入量为0.25%(质量分数),在1 400℃烧结,保温2.5 h的条件下,在该复合体系中可得到εr=39.1,Qf=15130 GHz的最佳微波介电性能.     

Perovskite-type B-site Bi-doped ceramic membranes for oxygen separation

Novel mixed conducting oxides, B-site Bi-doped perovskites were exploited and synthesized.Cubic perovskite structures were formed for BaBi0.2CoyFe0.8-yO3-δ (y≤0.4) and BaBixCo0.2Fe0.8-xO3-δ(x=0.1-0.5).The materials exhibited considerable high oxygen permeability at high temperature.The oxygen permeation flux of BaBi0.2Co0.35Fe0.45O3-δ membrane reached about 0.77×10-6 mol/cm2.s under an air/helium oxygen partial pressure gradient at 900℃, which was much higher than that of other bismuth-contained mixed conducting membranes.The permeation fluxes of the materials increased with the increase of cobalt content, but no apparent simple relationship was found with the bismuth content.The materials also demonstrated excellent reversibility of oxygen adsorption and desorption.Stable time-related oxygen permeation fluxes were found for BaBi0.2Co0.35Fe0.45O3-δ and BaBi0.3Co0.2Fe0.5O3-δ membranes at 875℃.     

LaCeCuMn/γ-Al2O3纳米稀土催化剂的制备及性能研究

以纳米纤维状γ-Al₂O₃为载体，采用工艺路线简单的浸渍法制备了La_xCe_1-xCuMn纳米稀土催化剂，并应用微反活性评价装置测试了对CO和C₃H₈的氧化活性。利用XRD，TEM，BET等手段，分析了产品的结构和粒子形貌。实验结果表明，催化剂活性组分在载体上分散比较均匀，平均粒径在15～20nm之间，为纳米级催化剂。La物质的量为0.4mol、活性组分质量分数为15.04%时，制得了较为纯净的钙钛矿催化剂，CO和 C₃H₈氧化反应中起燃温度分别可以达到161，186℃，且二者的最终转化率均在99%以上。     

SnO2和TiO2薄膜在钙钛矿材料上的原子层沉积工艺

金属电极与卤素之间的扩散反应是造成钙钛矿太阳电池(PSC)衰退的重要因素,而利用原子层沉积(ALD)技术在金属电极和钙钛矿活性层之间沉积致密且电学性能良好的缓冲层,是解决上述问题的优选方案之一.本文主要研究了利用ALD技术在金属有机卤化物钙钛矿材料上沉积SnO₂和TiO₂薄膜的工艺兼容性问题.通过X线衍射和紫外-可见吸收光谱等技术,表征了分别作为钛源和锡源的四(二甲氨基)钛(TDMATi)和四(二甲氨基)锡(TDMASn)脉冲以及不同温度下水脉冲对钙钛矿薄膜结构的影响,分析了不同前驱体源的脉冲及吹扫时间对薄膜沉积模式的影响,获得了与钙钛矿材料相兼容的SnO₂和TiO₂薄膜的优化ALD工艺.将优化后的SnO₂和TiO₂薄膜ALD工艺应用于倒置PSC制备,对电池的J-V曲线和大气环境下的稳定性测试结果表明,基于ALD技术沉积的SnO₂和TiO₂缓冲层的引入,使得PSC的稳定性明显改善,而且其功率转换效率也有所提高.