葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖复合膜的制备及细胞相容性评价

采用溶液共混法制备了葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖复合膜,并测定了材料的吸水率等理化性能。模拟体内生理条件用溶菌酶对复合膜进行体外酶解实验,并与壳聚糖膜作了比较;以体外培养的小鼠成纤维细胞(N IH 3T 3)为对象,利用复合膜的浸渍液培养与膜材料表面直接培养法,同时结合复合膜的溶血反应实验,研究了复合膜的细胞相容性。结果表明:溶菌酶对复合膜的生物降解有促进作用,复合膜降解速率较壳聚糖膜快。四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)实验表明复合膜浸渍液对细胞无毒性效应,显微镜和扫描电镜显示N IH 3T 3在复合膜上能很好地贴附,生长旺盛。复合膜溶血率小于5%。葡甘聚糖-壳聚糖复合膜具有良好的生物降解性和细胞相容性。     

药用高分子辅料魔芋葡甘露聚糖的实验研究

目的:介绍魔芋葡甘露聚糖的实验研究,探讨其应用开发前景.方法:以魔芋粉为原料,对葡甘露聚糖的粗提、精制、纯化、物化性质、含量测定、毒性试验以及应用等方面的研究结果进行总结.结果:魔芋葡甘露聚糖理化性质稳定,安全性较高.结论:葡甘露聚糖可作为药用辅料开发,尤其在速释制剂辅料和辅助用药方面,值得进一步研究.     

一种新型凝胶调剖剂的室内研究

针对高渗透或高含水油藏,以魔芋粉为主剂,通过对凝胶体系中各组分的优化,研制出了一种新型的凝胶调剖剂,并且对调剖剂性能进行了测试分析.实验结果表明:80℃下,凝胶体系在pH为7～12,矿化度(105mg·mL-1的条件下,成胶黏度在5.0～20.0Pa.s内可调,成胶时间在2～28h内可调,岩心封堵率大于99%,突破压力梯度大于26MPa.m-1,残余阻力系数大于200,能用于高含水期的水井调剖和油井堵水.     

3种多糖对草莓的保鲜作用

以草莓为对象,通过连续多次测定贮藏期内草莓的失重率、腐烂率、感官评价、硬度、可溶性固形物、维生素C、可滴定酸和抗氧化活性等指标,比较壳聚糖、海藻酸钠、魔芋葡甘聚糖等3种常用多糖保鲜材料的保鲜作用及特点.结果表明3种多糖对草莓贮藏期内的多个生理生化指标具有明显的改善作用,能有效延长草莓货架期.其中壳聚糖保鲜作用最好,魔芋葡甘聚糖对草莓有机酸的维持作用最好.     

γ-射线辐照预处理对酶解魔芋葡甘聚糖体内外抗肿瘤活性的影响

为研究60Coγ-射线辐照预处理对酶解魔芋葡甘聚糖片段体内、外抗肿瘤活性的影响,将魔芋精粉经60Coγ-射线辐照后加β-甘露聚糖酶酶解(KF2),与未辐照预处理的酶解物(KF1)通过体内、外抑瘤实验,研究KF1、KF2对Hela细胞体外生长的抑制作用及对EAC腹水癌小鼠的体内抑瘤率、存活期、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、腹腔巨噬细胞活性的影响.结果表明:γ-射线辐照预处理使KGM酶解更彻底;随着KF1、KF2浓度及培养时间的增加,He-la细胞存活率逐渐降低,且KF2作用高于KF1;KF1、KF2对EAC腹水癌小鼠脏器指数及腹腔吞噬细胞活性均有不同程度的增强作用,移植性实体瘤抑瘤率增大、且60Coγ射线辐照预处理过的KF2各项指标均高于KF1,表明60Coγ射线辐照预处理增强了KGM酶解产物的抗肿瘤活性.     

红外辐照对魔芋葡甘聚糖膜力学性能的影响

以魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)粉末为研究对象,分别以分子量、水分含量的内在性质和红外辐照温度、时间、强度外部条件为参考因子,考察其与KGM溶胶成膜后力学性能的相关性,并通过扫描电镜分析,观察膜截面的微观形貌.实验结果表明:经红外处理,KGM膜力学性能的下降百分比与分子量呈明显线性正相关,与水分含量呈负相关;较高辐照温度、光强度和较长辐照时间显著破坏膜的力学性能;膜截面的有序完整片层破坏成碎裂小块和多孔结构.合理选择高品质KGM,控制红外辐照条件,可改善KGM膜的力学性能.     

Gelation and swelling behavior of oxidized konjac glucomannan/chitosan hydrogel

The gelating and swelling mechanisms of the hydrogel formed from oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM) and chitosan (CS) were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. FT-IR spectra illustrate that the interaction of polysaccharides forms the hydrogen bonds and interchain salt bonds and the dissocation of which dominates the swelling behavior in buffer solutions of different pH. The concentration of salt ion has effect on swelling behavior through the difference of salt ion concentration between in solution and in network of hydrogel, which causes penetrating pressure. Moreover, the Swelling degree and hydrogel strength could be modulated by varying conditions. It is indicated that the hydrogel has pH-sensitive and salt ion sensitive properties. The prepared optimum condition selected by varying conditions is thatr=0.2;t=30 min;T _p=343 K andI=1.6. Foundation item: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China (29574173) Biography: He Dong-bao (1945-), male, Professor, research direction: modifying and gelating of natural polysaccharides.     

Preparation and characterization of chitosan/carboxymethylated konjac glucomannan blend films

In order to improve the mechanical and water swelling properties of the chitosan (CS) film, a series of transparent films were prepared by blending 2% (weight) chitosan acetic acid solution with 1.5% (weight) carboxymethylated konjac glucomannan (CMKGM) aqueous solution according to predetermined ratio and drying at 30°C. The morphological structure, miscibility, thermal stability, mechanical properies, and swelling capacity of the blend films were studied by infrared (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron micrograph (SEM), and measurements of the mechanical properties and swelling properties. The results demonstrated that there was strong interaction and good miscibility between CS and CMKGM resulted from intermolecular hydrogen bonding and electrostatic force. The mechanical properties in dry state and wet state, thermostability, and water swelling properties of the blend films were obviously improved. The best values of the tensile strength in the dry and wet state achieved 89 MPa and 49 MPa, respectively, when the CMKGM content was 30% (weight). The CS/ CMKGM blend films provided promising biomedical applications. Foundation item: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No.29977014). Biography: Zheng hua (1965-), male, Associate professor, research direction: renewable resource chemistry.     

魔芋葡甘露聚糖的化学改性及其应用性能的研究

采用醚化氧化工艺,以魔芋粉为原料合成了系列印花糊料 Ｍ_１和 Ｍ_２并且就其应用性能分别与意大利的 Ｉｎｄａｌｃａ ＰＡ－４０及海藻酸钠进行比较,其中Ｍ_１各项达到了Ｉｎｄａｌｌａ ＰＡ－４０的水平,Ｍ_２各项指标接近海藻酸钠．     

魔芋与田菁无粘土钻井液的研究与应用

魔芋与田菁无粘土钻井液是一类分别采用魔芋与田菁植物胶配制而成的新型钻井液,特别适用于金刚石钻进、各种井底动力钻具钻进、水文水井钻进与浅油井钻进,具有保护孔壁,提高钻速、钻头寿命,提高破碎岩矿层采心率,降低泵压,减少激动压力,减少对地层损害等许多优良性能。介绍与讨论了钻井液配方与配制方法、性能分析和比较以及生产应用等。