利用~(14)CO_2示踪测定林粮间作作物的光合特性

<正>利用~(14)CO_2作为示踪剂,研究7年生杨树与小麦间作时小麦的光合特性。随着林粮间作生态环境条件的改变,间作小麦与大田小麦净光合效率差异增大,如灌浆期的间作小麦~(14)CO_2含量明显地低于同期大田小麦。小麦幼苗期喂饲~(14)CO_230分钟,植株内示踪碳至少可保持7周,而间作小麦~(14)CO_2含量大于大田小麦。     

小麦白粉病对小麦CO2同化量的影响

本文用差动式CO_2红外分析仪在田间直接测量了小麦白粉病(Erysiphe graminisD.C.f.sp.tritici)对不同生育期小麦单叶CO_2同化量的影响,结果表明:当白粉病严重度较小时,小麦单叶的最大净光合速率随严重度的增加呈指数下降;严重度较大时,随严重度的增加,最大净光合速率变化很小。结果还表明:白粉病对小麦CO_2同化量影响最大的生育期是扬花期,对蜡熟期的影响最小,而且健株健叶与病株健叶的最大净光合速率经统计检验无显著差异。     

碳酸铵催化水的分解反应

根据金属活动顺序，通常情况下，水和金属镁只能发生微弱的反应，但是我却意外地发现在碳酸铵溶液中（pH＝8），水和金属镁发生了剧烈的反应．根据这一实验事实，解释了H2O的光解反应，本文就这个问题作了有益的探讨．     

不同土壤肥力对野生荞麦光合特性的影响

通过对野生荞麦齿翅野荞和金荞麦与栽培苦荞川荞1号在四种不同肥力土壤上净光合速率、叶绿素含量和叶面积的研究结果表明：虽然野生荞麦是耐瘠植物,能在贫瘠的土地上正常生长,但更适合在肥力好的土壤中生长;野生金荞与栽培苦荞有很多相似之处,但光合速率值低于对照且高峰值出现时期较迟,叶绿素含量变化幅度较大且出现高峰值的时间比对照早。     

紫色光合细菌LH1和LH2的激子能级结构(II)——应用与数值模拟

利用包括了系统中色素分子间所有的相互作用的环形链模型,计算了紫色光合细菌LH1和LH2的激子态的振子强度和圆二色性(CD).LH1和LH2复合体的吸收和圆二色性光谱的数值模拟结果与实验测量结果的主要特征相符.     

活性光合细菌制剂的强化培养研究

在光照800Lux～1100Lux、温度25℃～32℃的条件下进行活性光合细菌制剂的强化培养研究.结果表明,以牛肉水提取液为主要成份,并辅以无机盐、维生素B族及药效植物提取液的培养基,在3～4天就能培养出活菌数大于50亿/毫升的活性光合细菌制剂,由此证明这种培养基是一种高效、低耗、省时的活性光合细菌制剂的培养方法.     

除草剂生物活性测定

除草剂生物活性测定是度量除草剂对杂草生物效应大小和对农作物安全性的农药生物测定． 本文采用希尔反应（ＨｉｌｌＲｅａｃｔｉｏｎ）活力的分光光度法，测定了根据定量药物分子设计而合成出的五种光合作用光系统ＩＩ（ＰＳＩＩ）抑制剂的活性，获得了它们的ｐＩ５０数据．     

Colony development and physiological characterization of the edible blue-green alga, Nostoc sphaeroides (Nostocaceae, Cyanophyta)

The edible blue green alga, Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing, is able to form microcolonies and spherical macrocolonies. It has been used as a potent herbal medicine and dietary supplement for centuries because of its nutraceutical and pharmacological benefits. However, limited information is available on the development of the spherical macrocolonies and the environmental factors that affected their structure. This report described the morphogenesis of N. sphaeroides from single trichomes to macrocolonies. During the process the most structural features of macrocolonies on various sizes were dense maculas, rings, the compact core and the formation of liquid core; and the filaments within the macrocolonies showed different length and array depending on the sizes of macrocolonies. Meanwhile temperature and light intensity also strongly affected the internal structure of macrocolonies. As microcolonies further increased in size to form 30 mm macrocolonies, the colonies differentiated into distinct outer, middle and inner layers. The filaments of the outer layer showed higher maximum photosynthetic rates, higher light saturation point, and higher photosynthetic efficiency than those of the inner layer; whereas the filaments of the inner layer had higher content of chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins than those of the outer layer. The results obtained in this study were important for the mass cultivation of Nostoc sphaeroides as a nutraceutical product.     

Light-harvesting complexes of vascular plants

Light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) located in the thylakoid membrane of plant chloroplasts are the collectors of solar radiation that fuel photosynthesis, and thus enable life on our planet. They consist of pigments that are non-covalently bound to light-harvesting proteins (Lhc proteins), which form a family whose members share a significant sequence identity. Due to their central role in photosynthesis, LHCs belong in several respects to the best-analysed membrane proteins. In the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in identifying new members of the Lhc family, in localising the LHCs within the photosystems, and in elucidating the structure and function of LHCs, which is summarised in this review. By contrast, gaining insight into the assembly process and the degradation of the LHCs could not keep pace. Therefore, topics for the next decade will be the elucidation of the location(s) and the operating mode of steps in the assembly and degradation process. Received 15 June 2008; received after revision 1 July 2008; accepted 10 July 2008     

石蒜根部延迟发光特性的研究

介绍了中草药石蒜根部受光合作用影响的延迟发光特性的探测实验。结果表明,生物体光诱导发光受生物光合作用的影响显著,长期不进行光合作用的植物延迟发光衰减快,发光强度低。双e指数可以较好地描述石蒜根部延迟发光的特性。