Effect of aluminum oxide on the compressive strength of pellets

Analytical-reagent-grade Al₂O₃ was added to magnetite ore during the process of pelletizing, and the methods of mercury intrusion, scanning electron microscopy, and image processing were used to investigate the effect of Al₂O₃ on the compressive strength of the pellets. The results showed that, as the Al₂O₃ content increased, the compressive strength of the pellets increased slightly and then decreased gradually. When a small amount of Al₂O₃ was added to the pellets, the Al₂O₃ combined with fayalite (2FeO·SiO₂) and the aluminosilicate (2FeO·2Al₂O₃·5SiO₂) was generated, which releases some iron oxide and reduces the inhibition of fayalite to the solid phase of consolidation. When Al₂O₃ increased sequentially, high melting point of Al₂O₃ particles hinder the oxidation of Fe₃O₄ and the recrystallization of Fe2O3, making the internal porosity of the pellets increase, which leads to the decrease in compressive strength of the pellets.     

Improved Performance of Sulfonated Polyarylene Ethers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

The proton exchange membrane （PEM） is one of key components in fuel cell system. Its properties are very important in determining PEMFC performance. The membranes presently used in fuel cell are perfluorosulfonic polymaers, such as Nation from Dupont. Although they have high proton conductivity and excellent chemical stability, their too high production cast and methanol permeability lead to failure of fuel cell applica- tion. Therefore, various partially fluorinated and non-fluorinated polymer electrolytes are under development for PEMFC application since one decade. In the middle of non-fluorinated polymer electrolytes, sulfonated poly（arylene ether）s display high thermal stability, good mechanical properties and exceptional resistance to oxidation and acid catalyzed hydrolysis. They have been regarded as well-suited proton exchange membrane candidates for fuel cells.     

Abrasive wear behavior of cast iron coatings plasma-sprayed at different mild steel substrate temperatures

Three kinds of cast iron coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. During the spraying, the mild steel substrate temperature was controlled to be averagely 50, 180, and 240℃, respectively. Abrasive wear tests were conducted on the coatings under a dry friction condition. It is found that the abrasive wear resistance is enhanced with the substrate temperature increasing. SEM observations show that the wear losses of the coatings during the wear tests mainly result from the spalling of the splats. Furthermore, the improved wear resistance of the coatings mainly owes to the formation of oxides and the enhancement in the mechanical properties with the substrate temperature increasing.     

Microstructure and corrosion resistance of Fe/Mo composite amorphous coatings prepared by air plasma spraying

Fe/Mo composite coatings were prepared by air plasma spraying (APS) using Fe-based and Mo-based amorphous and nanocrystalline mixed powders. Microstructural studies show that the composite coatings present a layered structure with low porosity due to adding the self-bonded Mo-based alloy. Corrosion behaviors of the composite coatings, the Fe-based coatings and the Mo-based coatings were investigated by electrochemical measurements and salt spray tests. Electrochemical results show that the composite coatings exhibit a lower polarization current density and higher corrosion potentials than the Fe-based coating when tested in 3.5wt% NaCl solutions, indicating superior corrosion resistance compared with the Fe-based coating. Also with the increase in addition of the Mo-based alloy, a raised corrosion resistance, inferred by an increase in corrosion potential and a decrease in polarization current density, can be found. The results of salt spray tests again show that the corrosion resistance is enhanced by adding the Mo-based alloy, which helps to reduce the porosity of the composite coatings and enhance the stability of the passive films.     

Mold-filling ability of semisolid alloy

The mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy has very important effects on the quality and properties of the work pieces produced by the semisolid forming process. The factorial experiments show that all of the heating factors, such as mold temperature, heating temperature and the keeping time of billets, have some effects on the mold-filling ability of semisolid alloy. According to the analysis of influencing extent on the filling ability, it is found that the most important one of the factors is the mold temperature instead of the billets temperature, the next one is the heating temperature of the billet, and the keeping time rows on the third. It is also found that there is an interrelation between the billet heating temperature and the mold temperature. The effect of the interrelation on the mold-filling abilityis even stronger than the keeping time. The higher the mold temperature, heating temperature or the keeping time is, the better the mold-filling ability of the semisolid alloy is. The parameter to describe themold-filling ability, defined as the maximum filling height along theupright direction or the maximum filling length along the horizontal direction, can be theoretically determined according to the flowing theory of viscous fluid.     

Effects of heat treatment on structures and properties of high speed steel rolls

The effects of quenching temperature, cooling pattern, temper temperature and temper times on the structure and properties of high speed steel (HSS) rolls have been investigated. The results show that, when the quenching temperature is lower than 1050℃ the hardness of HSS increases with the quenching temperature increasing in oil cooling, but when the quenching temperature exceeds 1100℃ the hardness decreases. In the conditions of salt bath cooling and air cooling, the effect of quenching temperature on the hardness is similar to the above law, but the quenching temperature obtaining the highest hardness is higher than that in oil cooling. When the temper temperature below 350℃ the hardness of HSS has a little change, when above 475℃ the hardness will increase with the temper temperature increasing, and the highest hardness is obtained at 525℃. When the temper temperature continues to increase, the hardness decreases. Twice temper has little effect on the hardness, but three times temper decreases the hardness.HSS in air cooling has lower hardenability, oil cooling can easily produce crackle, and HSS quenching in salt bath has high hardenability and excellent wear resistance.     

Simulated and reconstructed winter temperature in the eastern China during the last millennium

Since the 1990s, under the auspicious impetus of two international research programs, the “Past Global Changes” (PAGES) and the “Climate Variability and Pre- dictability” (CLIVAR), massive research work has been carried out on climate and environment changes over the past 2000 years[1-3]. But majority of the studies has been centered on obtaining various kinds of climatic proxy data (such as historical documents, tree rings, ice cores, lake cores) and focused on the reconstruction of…     

螺旋线对斜拉索涡激振动特性影响的试验研究

为研究不同参数的螺旋线对斜拉索涡激振动特性和气动力的影响规律,进行了针对表面无螺旋线斜拉索和缠绕不同参数螺旋线斜拉索的节段模型风洞试验,螺旋线参数包括根数、直径和缠绕间距. 结果表明：斜拉索表面缠绕1根螺旋线的涡激振动振幅远大于2根或3根螺旋线;在亚临界雷诺数区,缠绕螺旋线斜拉索的平均气动阻力系数均小于无螺旋线斜拉索,最多可减小10.9%;缠绕2根螺旋线的斜拉索平均阻力系数整体比3根螺旋线小. 斜拉索表面缠绕间距s=8D（D为斜拉索直径）的2根螺旋线时,缠绕直径d<15 mm螺旋线的斜拉索涡激振动现象明显;d ≥15 mm的螺旋线可显著降低斜拉索涡激振动响应幅值,其脉动升力系数相较于无螺旋线斜拉索有明显降低,证明缠绕大直径螺旋线对涡激振动响应控制的有效性. 螺旋线的缠绕间距对斜拉索涡激振动的影响与螺旋线直径有关,当螺旋线直径较小时,缠绕间距对涡激振动的影响并不明显;当螺旋线直径较大时,间距的大小直接影响涡激振动的抑制效果.     

Gas-liquid mass transfer and flow phenomena in a peirce-smith converter: A numerical model study

A numerical model was established to simulate the flow field in a Peirce-Smith converter bath, which is extensively adopted in copper making. The mean phase and velocity distribution, circular area, and mean wall shear stress were calculated to determine the optimal operation parameter of the converter. The results showed that the slag phase gathered substantially in the dead zone. The circular flow was promoted by increasing the gas flow rate, Q, and decreasing the nozzle height, h. However, these operations significantly aggravate the wall shear stress. Reducing the nozzle diameter, d, increases the injection velocity, which may accelerate the flow field. However, when the nozzle diameter has an interval design, the bubble behaviors cannot be combined, thus, weakening the injection efficiency. Considering the balance between the circular flow and wall shear stress in this model, the optimal operation parameters were Q=30000-35000 m3/h, h=425-525 mm, and d=40 & 50 mm.     

Study on video intelligent early warning and tracking system based on ARM

The protrusion of the planning of numerical intelligent early-warning and tracking system in this study which can ease triggerman ’ s work strength , lay the next generation intelligence supervision system foundation and expand effectively the video resources use etc .In the numerical intelligent early-warning matrix sub-system , the authors have designed a kind dual-core system which includes both ARM and DSP , and designed detailedly traffic dynamics affairs early-warning arithmetic which bases on that system .And then, this system will carry quickly on fixing the right position of license plate , correcting the inclination degree of license plate , and thinning it to get the number of this li-cense and severity grade .Secondly, in the rotated dome camera sub-system, the authors have de-signed three-dimensional trajectory mathematical model which makes use of a fuzzy PID controller to achieve the high-speed track.At last, Simulation shows that the proposed control method has high profile tracking precision , accuracy and robustness of the disturbance .