创业投资辛迪加网络中控制权的演化博弈分析

创业投资的高风险性和信息不对称性使创业投资中控制权分配问题逐渐成为关系到风险投资项目成败的关键。本文运用演化博弈方法,分析控制权在辛迪加网络中两类创业投资家之间分配的博弈过程,得出在不同控制权分配比例下相应的演化稳定策略。在此结果上表明即期博弈中,创业投资家的私人收益和项目产出分配值的对比关系与控制权的分配密切相关。     

基于图形的网络演化博弈的拓扑结构

对基于图形的网络演化博弈,首先求出典型结点策略演化方程,进而给出将结点方程组合成网络局势演化方程的方法。利用局势演化方程,将计算逻辑动态系统不动点与极限环的公式推广用于图形的网络演化博弈。然后,介绍某玩家单独更新的局势演化方程,并依此给出网络演化博弈纯纳什均衡点计算公式。     

动态惩罚机制下互联网金融平台行为及监管策略的演化博弈分析

运用演化博弈理论研究了互联网金融平台行为及监管策略的博弈演化过程,系统考察了互联网金融平台行为及监管博弈过程的影响因素,并重点对固定惩罚机制和动态惩罚机制下互联网金融平台行为及其监管策略博弈均衡进行了比较.研究表明,固定惩罚机制下,互联网金融平台和金融监管机构的博弈过程不能达到稳定的均衡状态,两个群体的行为呈现周期模式.动态惩罚机制下,互联网金融平台和金融监管机构间的博弈演化轨迹呈螺旋收敛的趋势;互联网金融平台的"自律"的初始概率不同,其随时间演化收敛到不同的均衡值;提高最重惩罚度上限,互联网金融平台选择"自律"行为策略的概率增加.     

基于量子进化算法的空区激光探测点布局设计

针对地下空区边界不规则并且可能包含多个遗留矿柱,如何布局合适的探测点以便三维激光探头能扫描空区内部全貌的工程难题,提出了在基于空区初步资料获得的水平特征截面图上预先布置待选探测点,设计探测点布局方案评价函数,采用量子进化算法进行探测点布局优化的方案.优化设计中,考虑了采空区边界的凸凹不规则性及内部包含多个边界不规则遗留矿柱,以及激光探测范围等因素,建立了通用优化模型,寻求探测点最少的技术及经济上的最优布局方案.实例运算及统计分析结果表明,和遗传算法相比,本文提出的量子进化算法优化模型可快速得出优化的探测点布局方案,保证三维激光探测法成功实施,为复杂空区三维激光探测提供科学决策依据.     

职业教育生态位构建与产业空间选择

职业教育生态位构建是主体通过改变自身生存策略,来完成对所在区位空间中有关的物质流和知识流的控制,是主体空间选择过程中的一种应激型进化方式和反馈作用。它从根本上打破了体系原有的平衡,为职业教育主体发展提供了动力。研究发现,生态位构建增强了职业教育空间选择效应,使职业教育分化为适应型、发展型和政策导向型三类。产业空间选择通过生态位构建作用为职业教育提供了不同的发展路径。     

非线性位移时间序列分析模型的进化识别

引入进化算法的全局优化思想,结合时间序列分析的基本理论,提出了一种新的岩土结构变形非线性动力学演化特征的进化识别算法·设计了能自动确定输入时步长度以及非线性动力学模型结构和参数的分步进化方案,对非线性时间序列分析模型的结构和参数进行全局最优搜索·将该方法用于三峡永久船闸高边坡开挖变形的预测分析,取得了满意的效果,提供了一个有效的岩土工程设计与施工的分析工具·     

中小企业员工安全遵守行为演化路径

为研究中小企业员工安全遵守行为的演化规律,对中小企业不安全行为的原因进行了分析,并借助演化经济学方法,构建了中小企业员工与企业行为交往的支付矩阵。通过对交往过程的演化模型分析,揭示了个体策略选择对群体行为的影响。用数值仿真演示了群体不同初始比例和不同参数变化对演化趋势和结果的影响,研究发现:中小企业员工安全遵守行为演化系统收敛于两种模式,其中,(遵守,不检查)为理想模式,(违章,检查)为"不良锁定"模式;各参数的大小对系统收敛速度和收敛结果具有影响,企业在设计安全生产激励与约束机制时,通过设计科学合理的激励与约束参数,并通过调整参数的大小,可以引导员工的安全遵守行为,使中小企业员工安全行为向着预期方向和目标演进,达到制度优化的目的。     

四卡问题的新视角——社会契约理论

Cosmides所提出的社会契约理论表明,人的推理能力具有领域特殊性的和内容依赖性。这不仅挑战了传统的推理假设,更以一种超越常规的方式促进了心理学特别是认知和发展心理学的发展。     

Predatory behaviour in Deltochilum: convergent evolution or a primitive character within a clade?

We present data on predatory behaviour in Deltochilum cupreicolle viridescens, which belongs to the subgenus Aganhyboma, and we contrast it with the behaviour of a species from the subgenus Deltohyboma. By this comparison we can investigate whether the predatory behaviour in Deltochilum could have appeared independently in these two subgenera, or if the behaviour is so similar that it suggests a single origin in a possible ancestor exclusive to those two groups. These laboratory studies on the behaviour of Deltochilum c. viridescens individuals on diplopods are described and divided into the following stages: (1) approach and recognition of the diplopod; (2) attack and death of the prey; (3) on-site feeding; (4) transport of the diplopod. The results found here strengthen the hypothesis of a primitive and highly specialized behaviour within a possible clade formed by the predatory species of Diplopoda.     

Prediction of sites under adaptive evolution in flavin-containing monooxygenases: Selection pattern revisited

Flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), like cytochrome P450 (CYP), is a monooxygenase that uses the reducing equivalents of NADPH to reduce one atom of molecular oxygen to water, while the other atom is used to oxidize the substrate. Recently, it was shown that some CYP isoforms have been subject to positive selection. However, it is unknown whether the highly conserved phase I detoxification enzyme, FMO, has undergone similar positive Darwinian selection. We used maximum-likelihood models of codon substitution, evolutionary fingerprinting, and cross species comparison to investigate the occurrence of adaptive evolution in FMO sequences. We used recent genomic data from a range of species, including vertebrates and invertebrates. We present the evidence for the occurrence of adaptive evolution in mammalian FMO 3, 4, 5, and fugu FMOs but not in mammalian FMO 1, FMO 2, frog FMOs, other fish FMOs and invertebrate FMOs. The sites under adaptive evolution were significantly associated with the insertion domain in mammalian FMO 5. We identified specific amino acid sites in FMOs 3–5 that are likely targets for selection based on the patterns of parallel amino acid change. The most likely role of adaptive evolution is the repair of mutations that permitted optimal NADP+ binding and improved catalytic efficiency. The occurrence of positive selection during the evolution of phase I detoxification enzymes such as FMOs 3–5 and fugu FMO suggests the occurrence of both high selection pressure acting on species within their unique habitats and significant changes in intensity and direction (forms of xenobiotics and drugs) resulting from changes in microhabitat and food.