Microelectronics-embedded channel bridging and signal regeneration of injured spinal cords

Due to the difficulty in spinal cord regeneration with biological methods, the microelectronic neural bridge, a new concept based on microelectronic technology, is presented. The microelectronic system has been realized in the forms of hybrid and integrated circuits. The integrated circuits for neural signal detection, stimulation, and regeneration are realized in a CMOS process. In animal experiments with 100 toads, 48 rats, and 3 rabbits, nerve signals have been successfully detected from spinal cords and sciatic nerves, and functional electrical stimulation has been carried out for spinal cords and sciatic nerves. When the microelectronic system is bridged between the controlling and stimulated nerve, the relevant motion of legs and nerve signal waveforms, which are stimulated by the evoked or spontaneous nerve signal through such a system, have been observed. Therefore, the feasibility of the presented method was demonstrated.     

运动损伤心理因素研究综述及其思考

采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,对以往进行的"运动损伤心理因素研究"的"理论根源","研究方法与步骤",以及"成果的分类及延伸"三大方面进行较为深入的梳理与综述。总结国内外相关研究成果,更进一步提炼出了对运动损伤具有显著影响心理因素,及其评价的主要维度和指标,以期能够对未来更深入地研究产生积极的指导作用。     

细胞冷冻损伤机理的几个假说

本文对细胞冷冻损伤机理的几个假说作了简要介绍．     

A comparison of the effects of the optical isomers of isoproterenol on energy metabolism in a mouse sarcoma

Summary Disturbance to energy production in the S180 sarcoma (CB) by optical isomers of isoproterenol was assessed from altered adenine nucleotide levels at 1 h. The L-isomer almost halved the ATP level and lowered the energy charge significantly; the D-isomer was inactive. Dependence of tumor injury on cytochrome P-450 activity appears unlikely.One of us (GRNJ) thanks the Department of Surgery, Medical School, Kings's College Hospital, London, England, for the provision of experimental facilities; the Institute of Biochemistry, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, FRG, for permitting the measurement of metabolites; the Cancer Research Campaign, London, UK, for a part-time grant; and Zyma GmbH, München, FRG, and the estate of the late Dr Lucie Polak for additional financial support.     

实验性急性肺损伤部分液体通气效应与剂量的关系

目的:对肺灌洗诱导的急性肺损伤家兔实施不同剂量氟碳(perfluorocarbon,PFC)的部分液体通气(partialliquidventilation,PLV),观察其疗效及剂量-效应关系。方法:14只成年健康家兔,麻醉后经气管导管用生理盐水反复肺内灌洗,直至动脉氧分压(PaO2)<13 33kPa(100mmHg)达1h,记录肺气体交换、血液动力学及呼吸动力各参数作为肺损伤(acutelunginjury,ALI)基础值。随机分为PLV组及对照组,对照组以呼吸机行常规机械通气,不给予任何治疗措施;PLV组动物于ALI后每30min气管内灌入PFC(FC3280,3M,德国)6mL·kg-1共3次,总量为18mL·kg-1。以上述呼吸参数行机械通气。最后一次灌注后继续行机械通气3h,每小时记录各参数次。结果:PLV组PaO2及动脉血氧饱和度(HbO2)在灌注第一个剂量的PFC后即显著改善,并与剂量呈相关性;PaCO2在灌注第一个PFC剂量后较ALI时显著降低,但并不随剂量的增加而继续降低。结论:以氟碳为媒介的部分液体通气可明显改善肺灌洗诱导的急性肺损伤家兔的肺氧合,并呈剂量相关性,同时呼吸动力的改善与剂量无关。     

体育教育专业学生运动损伤原因调查与分析

高校体育教育专业学生运动损伤发生十分频繁，其对专业教学、学生健康以及学生未来从事体育工作等都会带来诸多不利的影响，就体育教育专业学生运动损伤的原因、损伤分布特点、项目相关因素等进行调查，分析造成运动损伤的深层次原因及其与目前高校体育教育专业招生方法、教学计划、教学方法、场地设施建设等的关系。     

1,6-二磷酸果糖对缺氧缺血性心、脑损害的保护作用(综述)

1，6-二磷酸果糖(FDP)是存在于一切活细胞内的糖代谢中间产物。细胞缺氧时，外源性FDP可透过细胞膜进入到细胞内直接供能，并可阻止Ca^2 内流，减少氧自由基的产生、稳定细胞膜，及减少细胞凋亡。多数研究认为FDP对缺氧缺血引起的心、脑损伤具有保护作用，但也有不同的观点。因此有必要进一步临床验证，为FDP在这方面的应用提供有价值的理论依据。     

保护弱势群体利益,积极推行企业职工工伤保险制度

推行企业工伤保险制度是建立健全社会保障体系的一项重要内容。分析了国内外工伤保险制度及我国推行工伤保险制度中存在的问题，提出了扩大保险范围、实现工伤保险社会化、保险待遇给付、工伤保险法律化的建议。     

Application of Teleonic Principles in the Search for Systemic Causes of Accidents in Anesthesia

Safety of patients in anesthesia has always been one of the major concerns of the anesthetist. It is clear from studies of safety in general that many accidents and critical incidents occur as the result of latent systemic failures to which a great number of factors contribute (Reason, 1990). An ideal way to approach this problem would be within a systemic framework, such as teleonics, developed by Járos and his co-workers (Cloete, 1999; Járos and Cloete, 1987, 1993). In this framework the events and procedures in anesthesia are considered to be part of a very complex network of process systems (teleons). It is postulated that teleonic uncertainty (telentropy) in this complex network is a factor that might lead to accidents. In a previous paper presented to the World Congress at Toronto in 2000, the principles of teleonics were described in a mathematico symbolic way (Horváth et al., 2000). This paper contains selected examples of application of these principles to the identification of possible systemic causes of accidents in anesthesia.     

Hypersensitivity to endotoxin hepatotoxicity in rats with inflammatory lesions

Summary The ratio of sinusoidal nonparenchymal cells to hepatocytes in rat liver was significantly increased following induction of inflammation, and decreased after subsequent exposure to endotoxin, particularly in the region around the terminal portal venules. Rats with inflammatory lesions were more sensitive to endotoxin hepatocytotoxicity than normal controls, as judged from the dose-dependent increase in activity of serum transaminases and from the extent of liver tissue injury. In addition, these animals, which were already in a state of depletion of hepatic glycogen, demonstrated marked hyperglycemia 24 h after endotoxin administration in small doses of less than 2 mg/kg.