The genus Coralaxius redefined,with the description of two new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidae)

The genus Coralaxius is rediagnosed, and the type species C. nodulosus (Meinert, 1877), the holotype of which was found to be identical with C. abelei Kensley and Gore, 1982, is redescribed. The two new species of Coralaxius are described, viz. C. galapagensis from the Galapagos Islands, and C. indopacificus from Fiji and the Comoro Islands. On the basis of carapace, gill and appendage characters, it is concluded that C. indopacificus is more primitive than the other two species. The genus is thought to have had a tethyan distribution, with the eastern Pacific representative being cut off from the western Atlantic form with the raising of the Isthmus of Panama.     

西部各省区市科技竞争力综合评价研究

根据科技竞争力概念和内涵来确定评测指标体系的构成要素,建立了评测指标体系,并利用因子分析方法对西部各省科技竞争力进行了横向及纵向评测,在此基础上提出了相关的政策建议。     

Response of the northwestern Pacific upper water δ~(13)C to the last deglacial ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean

The deglacial δ~13C minimum events that originated from the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica, have been recorded in a range of marine sediments from the southern to tropical oceans in late Pleistocene. However, the broad δ~13C minimum event was also reported as far as to the northern middle latitudes, in northwestern Pacific marginal sea areas, during the last deglaciation. In the northwestern Pacific, forcing from the northern high latitudes is strongly expressed, while the records of in- fluence from the southern high latitudes are few. The Kuroshio Source Region (KSR) forms a boundary between the northwestern Pacific and the southern, tropical Pacific. So, high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal records in core MD06-3054 from the KSR are well positioned to identify signals from the southern hemisphere in the northwestern Pacific. Planktonic foraminiferal tests from the upper 1030 cm of the core were subject to AMS14C, carbon and oxygen isotopic measurements. A negative excursion was found to occur from about 20.0-6.0 ka BP in δ~13C records of both surface (Globigerinoides ruber) and subsurface (Pulleni- atina obliquiloculata) dwellers, but the overall trends of the two curves have reversed since 26.5 ka BP. Moreover, the δ~13C rec- ord of G. ruber (the surface dweller) shows a robust link to the record of atmospheric CO2, and its changes precede the records of P. obliquiloculata (the subsurface dweller). According to the hydrologic conditions, the broad δ~13C minimum event recorded in the KSR is also a response to the increasing ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica during the last deglaciation. The inconsistency between the records of the surface and subsurface dwellers was possibly caused by the ways that the low δ~13C signal was transmitted. Subsurface water primarily received the low δ~13C signal from the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), whereas the surface water was probably mainly impacted by atmospheric CO2 in the KSR. The records from the KSR confirm the deduction that the broad δ~13C minimum event in the Okinawa Trough was due to the impact of tropical Pacific surface water dur- ing the last deglaciation, and suggest that signals from the southern high latitudes also can be delivered to the northern middle latitudes.     

基于浙江省台风灾害保险数据的农村住房易损性评价

利用浙江省农业政策性保险试点项目中的农村住房保险及理赔数据,定量分析了浙江省2007年圣帕、韦帕及罗莎3场台风灾害期间农村住房投保金额、赔付金额、保额损失率的分县汇总数据,以及与这3场台风的极大风速、过程降水量等致灾因子强度的定量关系.研究发现,浙江省农村住房的台风灾害保险金额损失率,其对数与过程降雨量有着很好的线性相关关系.依据这一关系,建立了浙江省农村住房台风易损性方程并给出相关参数.     

峨眉地幔热柱活动与贵州西部二叠系煤的形成环境研究

晚二叠世乐平期,最为强烈、规模最大的一次峨眉地幔热柱强烈活动在贵州西部形成西北高、东南低的古地理格局.沉积相带由早二叠世的近东西向变为晚二叠世北东向排布.沉积相带由西向东,由陆相渐变为海陆交替相,最后变为海相环境.在贵州西北部的威宁一带形成陆相沉积环境.遵义至安顺一线以西的黔西和黔西南地区,属于海陆交替的陆地边缘相区,...     

日本东北大地震——大自然给人类上的又一课

作者介绍了2011年3月11日日本东北地区太平洋沿岸近海的M9.0特大地震的震后研究情况,日本列岛M8.0以上大地震发生的地球动力学背景、地理环境,大地震在东北太平洋沿岸地区、关东地区、东海道地区的活动历史以及对下一次东海地震发生时间的最新研究进展。最后总结了地震中长期预测的现状及相关基础研究应努力的方向,提出了在工程应用研究中应该避免的错误工作思路。     

Sea surface temperature east of Australia： A predictor of tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific？

The relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) east of Australia and tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNPTCF) is analyzed by use of observation data.The WNPTCF from June to October is correlated negatively to spring SST east of Australia.When the spring SST is in the positive phase,a cyclonic circulation anomaly in the upper troposphere and an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the lower troposphere prevail over the western North Pacific from June to October,concurrent with an anomalous atmospheric subsidence and an enlarged vertical zonal wind shear.These conditions are unfavorable for tropical cyclone genesis,and thus WNPTCF decreases.The negative phase of the spring SST east of Australia leads to more tropical cyclones over the western North Pacific.The spring SST east of Australia may give rise to simultaneous change in tropical atmospheric circulation via the teleconnection wave train,and then subsequently affect atmospheric circulation variation over the western North Pacific.     

Additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria) of the Galápagos,with a list of species reported from the islands

The hydroid fauna of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, is known largely from reports of collections made between 1932 and 1938 during several Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. Of some 100 nominal species (excluding Stylasteridae) reported from the archipelago overall, including species obtained during other expeditions, 81 are recognized as valid. An additional 15 species are added here, 14 of them based on collections undertaken between 1992 and 2000. Leptothecates account for 66 of the 96 species, while anthoathecates comprise the remaining 30. One previously undescribed leptothecate, Halopteris violae, sp. nov., is characterized and compared with H. tenella (Verrill, 1874) and H. minuta (Trebilcock, 1928), species it closely resembles. Gonothecae of Sertularella costata Leloup, 1940 are described for the first time. Plumularia galapagensis, nom. nov., is proposed as a replacement name for the invalid junior primary homonym Plumularia tenuissima Fraser, 1938b (not Plumularia tenuissima Totton, 1930). Under provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the widely used name Cladocoryne floccosa Rotch, 1871 is designated a nomen protectum and assigned precedence over its largely unknown senior synonym Hydra corynaria Bosc, 1797, which is reduced to the status of nomen oblitum. Balella irregularis (Fraser, 1938) from the Galápagos is considered conspecific with Balella mirabilis (Nutting, 1905) from Hawaii and Japan. Six new combinations are introduced: Bimeria laxa Fraser, 1938a is assigned to the genus Garveia Wright, 1859, as G. laxa (Fraser, 1938a); Tubularia integra Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Ectopleura L. Agassiz, 1862, as E. integra (Fraser, 1938a); Campanulina ramosa Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Opercularella Hincks, 1868, as O. ramosa (Fraser, 1938a); Bonneviella minor Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Scandia Fraser, 1912, as S. minor (Fraser, 1938a); Campanularia gracilicaulis Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Clytia Lamouroux, 1812, as C. gracilicaulis (Fraser, 1938a); Sertularia anceps Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Dynamena Lamouroux, 1812, as D. anceps (Fraser, 1938a). Hydroids of the Galápagos are moderately well known faunistically, at least in comparison with those of other areas in the Eastern Pacific Tropical Region.     

热带地区几个珍贵树种干形曲线研究

准确描述热带珍贵树种的林木干形变化,可为预估各材种数量、蓄积量及合理造材提供支撑。以热带格木、红锥和柚木3个珍贵树种,共120株解析木为研究对象,利用简单削度方程、分段削度方程和可变指数削度方程分别构建格木、红锥和柚木3个热带树种的干形曲线方程,通过相关指数、剩余残差平方和、平均残差、残差方差和均方误差统计量比较分析,找出最佳削度模型作为3个树种最终的干形曲线方程,并对各曲线变化趋势进行了初步的定量分析。结果表明,所选的3类典型基础模型对每个树种的预估效果都很好,其中基于双因素自动优选法拟合且以分段削度方程构建的干形曲线预估效果最好。3个树种的干形曲线变化趋势表明:相对高在(0~0.8)时,柚木干形变化最大,红锥干形变化最小,格木干形介于二者之间;当相对高0.8时,红锥干形变化最大,格木和柚木干形变化几乎相同。因此,基于双因素自动优选法拟合的分段削度方程可作为3种热带树种的干形曲线方程,用于3种珍贵树种活立木蓄积量和材种数量的估计,以及指导合理造材。     

人文主义与西方教育的历史性关系研究

西方教育发端于古希腊文明时期。其倡导的人文主义理念伴随着整个西方教育史,一直延续至今。本文旨在总结西方教育中所体现出的人文主义实质,分析其对西方教育所产生的历史性影响。