Juvenile hormone titre and regulation in the cockroachDiploptera punctata

Summary Titres of juvenile hormone (JH) have been determined in both hemolymph and whole body extracts of femaleDiploptera punctata during the first gonotrophic cycle using a method employing gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative analysis. JH III is the sole JH found in both adult and last instarD. punctata. Maximum values of 1500 ng/ml (6M) were observed at the middle of the gonotrophic cycle, when basal oocyte growth rate was greatest. Changes in rates of JH release in vitro by corpora allata paralleled closely the changes in JH titre, suggesting that biosynthesis is a major regulator of titre. JH levels per animal were calculated from observed JH titres, and at certain time points in the gonotrophic cycle JH levels obtained from analysis of whole bodies were significantly greater than those predicted from hemolymph titres. These results suggest the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool inD. punctata. Decay in JH titre after allatectomy of 5 day females has also been studied. Following a rapid initial decline, the rate of decay slowed appreciably 4 h post-operation. Thus, use of a first-order rate constant to estimate half-life of JH significantly underestimated the longevity of the hormone. The apparent persistence of JH following allatectomy may be due to the existence of a nonhemolymph JH pool.     

电增压促进废气再循环对发动机性能的影响

在一台1.5 L带废气涡轮增压的直喷汽油机上进行了电动增压和废气再循环（exhaust gas recirculation, EGR）协同对发动机动力性和经济性的影响规律试验研究。结果表明：全负荷下电动增压促进最高废气再循环率随转速的上升而下降,在4个试验转速下分别提升了17.7%、15.2%、13.84%和0;部分负荷下电动增压促进最高废气再循环率随负荷的提高与转速下降,在6个试验工况下最高废气再循环率分别被提高了23.63%、30.31%、0、14.09%、19.74%和0。全负荷与较低的3个转速下电动增压介入后有效燃油消耗率（brake specific fuel consumption, BSFC）降低近10%,最高转速下废气涡轮增压完全取代电动增压;部分负荷下的两组工况内,电动增压介入后,最高BSFC降低了10.8%和8.4%。结论表明合理应用电增压促进最高废气再循环率可以提升发动机的燃油经济性并保持较高的动力性。     

Effects of a new cholecystokinin antagonist (GE 410) on the smooth muscle of the guinea pig ileum

Summary Suc-Tyr-(SE)-Met-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp--phenethylamide (GE 410) competitively antagonized the contractions of smooth muscle strips from guinea pig ileum (pA₂=7.6, n=0.95) induced by cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK8). GE 410 inhibited the electrically-induced cholinergically mediated contractile responses and the [³H]ACh release in the ileum, as well as the CCK-stimulated electrical contractile responses and the [³H]ACh release in the cholinergic nerve terminals. The results suggest the existence of CCK-receptors not only in the smooth muscles but also on the neurons.     

Leakage of mantle helium from the Liaodong Peninsula, China

The isotopic cumpositions of helium have been investigated in hot spring gases sampled from the Liaodong Peninsula. China. The³He/⁴He ratios range from 0.14 Ra (0.14 times the atmospheric³He/⁴He ratio of 1.40 × 10^-6 to 0.72 Ra.³He/⁴He versus⁴He/²⁰Ne ratios and He contents suggest that a small amount of mantle-derived helium reaches the earth’s surface. Helium iwtope ratios of the hot spring gases show a distribution pattern similar to the regional heat flow values, indicating that the positive thermal anomaly occurring in the rtrea is closely associated with the presence of mantle-derived helium. The observations described above provide some significant evidence that the molten magma originating from partial melting of the upper mantle may have intruded into the continental crust along the activity fault. The coupling of the presence of mantle He and heat flow anomalies to seismic activity in studied region seem to imply that there is an internal relationship between mantle degassing and seismic activity.     

Comprehensive evaluation of mechanism of “chimney effect” using principles of magnetism, geochemistry and mineralogy

Study of forming mechanism of "chimney-effect" (CE) has important significance for basic theory and applications of non-seismic geophysical and geochemical methods locating oil/gas reservoirs. The theoretical basis of comprehensive evaluation of mechanism of CE using principles of magnetism, geochemistry and mineralogy has been reviewed, with the problems to be solved: (ⅰ) study for the relationship between process of oil/gas migration and geochemical field; (ⅱ) analysis of genesis of magnetic, geochemical and mineralogical anomaly; (ⅲ) interpretation of surface soil magnetism and geochemical anomaly combined with seismic data.     

液膜法烟气脱硫试验研究：Ⅱ.促进传递机理与数学模型

推导了二氧化硫在纯水和柠檬酸钠溶液中稳态渗透通量表达式,研究了ＳＯ２在液膜中的促进传递机理,用局部平衡理论及非平衡边界层理论推导了ＳＯ２通过膜液的渗透模型;考虑了溶液粘度、溶液的非理想性及盐效应等物理化学性质和热力学性质等因素对ＳＯ２渗透行为的影响,并将实验所得数据与模拟值进行了比较。     

影响油气运移的应力场地温场渗流场耦合的双重介质模型

地应力场、地温场和渗流场是影响油气运移的主要因素。以此为基础,研究了含油气盆地双重介质体系内流体与岩体相互的力学作用关系,提出了双重介质体系内渗流场、岩体地应力场和地温场耦合的非线性动力学模型。     

高频气体放电等离子体处理对铁电体材料改性的影响

研究了高频气体放电等离子休对铁电体电滞特性的改性作用,并对其改性机现作了理论分析。研究表明：铁电体PZST经高频气体放电等离子体处理后,其电滞特性有明显改变,其中,矫顽电场强度Ee减小;自发极化强度Ps不变,其物理意义是铁电体电畴反转所需的能量降低;非线性增强。本文为铁电体电滞特性及其电光和光学非线性效应等的改变提供了一种新的物理实验方法。     

摩擦和传热联合作用下等截面喷枪内气体的流动特性——(Ⅰ)基本方程及计算程式

基于可压缩流体动力学和热力学及传热原理,导出了表征摩擦和热源联合作用下管式和套管式等截面喷枪内气体流动特性的基本方程和计算公式;对18t AOD炉用套管式喷枪内的气体流动,较合理地确定了喷枪内壁温度和气体滞止温度沿管长的分布,以及吹炼过程中喷枪的摩擦系数;给出了不同流态下喷枪内气体流动特性的计算程式.     

The Relation between the Sensitivity and HeatingVoltage of ZnSnO 3 Gas Sensor

对ＺｎＳｎＯ３气敏元件特性的测试结果表明,元件灵敏度随加热电压的变化而变化．当加热电压小于某一特定值ＶＨ０时,灵敏度不变;当加热电压大于３倍ＶＨ０时,灵敏度降低,元件失效。通过Ｘ射线衍射和ＳＥＭ二次电子能谱等检测实验,找出了气敏元件灵敏度降低的原因．