土壤水分对烤烟耗水特征及烟叶产量和品质的影响

烤烟需水规律是制定烤烟灌溉制度、确定灌溉次数及灌溉量的前提.为此,在蒸渗仪条件下进行了不同水分处理的烤烟各生育期耗水量及烟叶产量和品质的试验.试验结果表明,当烟叶的产量、品质达到较优水平时,烤烟伸根、旺长、成熟各生育阶段耗水量分别为46 mm,144 mm和82 mm,土壤相对含水量下限灌溉指标应分别控制在60%,80%和70%左右.     

拟南芥逆境诱导型启动子rd29A的克隆及活性检测

以拟南芥基因组DNA为模板,通过特异PCR扩增,克隆逆境诱导表达启动子rd29A。序列分析表明,该启动子与NCBI上已报道rd29A的启动子有9964%的同源性,其序列含有干旱诱导表达元件DRE和ABA作用元件ABRE等顺式作用元件。用rd29A启动子替换pBI121载体上的35S启动子构建新的载体pBrd-GUS,并以农杆菌介导法将其转入烟草。转基因烟草的GUS组织化学染色及PCR分析结果表明,在低温、干旱及高盐等胁迫诱导下,rd29A启动子可增强GUS基因表达,因此,rd29A启动子可应用于植物抗逆基因工程研究。     

氢化物发生—原子荧光法测定烟草中的砷

本文采用氢化物发生原子荧光法测定烟草中的砷.确定了仪器的最佳条件,探讨了负高压、盐酸、硼氢化钾浓度等对测定As的影响.在选定的操作条件下,砷的最低检出限为0.07ug/L.相对标准偏差为1.4%.该法操作简单、快速、灵敏度高,结果令人满意.     

Involvement of NADPH oxidase NtrbohD in the rapid production of H2O2 induced by ABA in cultured tobacco cell line BY-2

The mechanisms for the production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) induced by abscisic acid (ABA) were investigated in suspension culture cells of tobacco BY-2 cells. The results showed that the immediate generation of H₂O₂, which was mainly derived from superoxide dismutase-catalyzed dismutation of superoxide radical, was significantly induced by ABA. Furthermore, treatment of the cultured tobacco cells with ABA resulted in a time-dependent quick increase in plasma membrane (PM) NADPH oxidase activity, which coincided on time and magnitude with the elevation in ABA-induced accumulation of H₂O₂. Moreover, these enhanced effects were pronouncedly inhibited by two NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenylene iodonium and imidazole, suggesting that PM NADPH oxidase is involved in the rapid accumulation of ₂O₂ in cultured tobacco cells. In addition, analysis of the expression level of NtrbohD, a PM NADPH oxidase gene in tobacco, by RT-PCR and protein gel blot revealed that the gene at both mRNA and protein levels was upregulated by ABA, indicating that NtrbohD participates in the ABA-stimulated rapid production of H₂O₂ in tobacco culture cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that ABA induces the rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species via NADPH oxidase in suspension culture cells of tobacco, and that NADPH oxidase and H₂O₂ appear to be important components in ABA signal transduction pathway in plants.     

对苯二甲醛对煤沥青流变性能的影响研究

为了探讨对苯二甲醛(TPA)对煤沥青流变性能的影响,采用旋转黏度计测定了煤沥青及TPA改性的煤沥青的表观黏度,研究了表观黏度与温度的关系;采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了煤沥青和TPA改性的煤沥青的热行为.结果表明,TPA改性的煤沥青的黏度与温度的关系曲线呈现W型,在200～225℃之间处于低黏流区,表观黏度值约200～400 MPa.s,可以作为浸渍剂煤沥青使用;TPA改性的煤沥青在高于225℃时表观黏度值迅速上升;TPA改性的煤沥青在低黏度区域具有较低的活化能,这对煤沥青的浸渍工艺有益.图6,表2,参11.     

同时蒸馏萃取和减压蒸馏萃取方法提取烟叶香气成分的比较

分别采用同时蒸馏萃取法和减压蒸馏萃取法对同一种烟叶样品的香气成分进行萃取,用气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）进行定性和定量分析,并对这2种萃取方法鉴定出的化学成分、重复性和定量值进行了比较。结果显示：同时蒸馏萃取法具有良好的重复性和较好的回收率,适合于烟叶香气成分的定量分析;减压蒸馏萃取法能使香气成分在较低的温度下挥发逸出,真实反映烟叶香气成分的原始信息,可用于香气成分的初步鉴定,适合于香气成分的定性剖析。     

洛南烟草新品种比较试验

为了改善烟区的品种布局,在洛南进行6个烤烟新品种（系）GTH-1、云烟100、LJ237、MS96-7、南江3号、9407与对照品种K326、秦烟96、云烟87进行了比较试验,结果表明：南江3号综合性状表现良好。其生物学性状、抗病性、亩产量、亩产值、上等烟比例均极显著的优于对照品种。可以作为洛南烟区的后备烟草品种。     

太钢焦化厂煤气净化冷凝系统工艺优化

针对煤调湿工程的实施,介绍了对冷凝系统的工艺进行优化处理,解决了横管初冷气阻力大、焦油质量差、循环氨水质量差等问题,保证了冷凝系统及后续系统的安全稳定运行。     

攀枝花烟区氮、磷、钾施肥量对中烟103产质量的影响

为充分彰显中烟103品种在攀枝花生态条件下的清甜香型品种特性,以"3414"试验方案开展了中烟103品种在攀枝花市烟区的适宜N、P、K的施用量组合试验,并对试验结果进行了验证试验,综合分析了N、P、K施用量对烟株农艺性状、经济性状、品质的影响,确定中烟103品种在攀枝花市供试土壤上适宜施肥量为:N=87.37 kg/hm~2、P=103.57 kg/hm~2、K=353.72 kg/hm~2,此时可获得最高经济产量为Y=3 528.4 kg/hm~2。     

烟叶霉变及防治

分析了烟叶霉变的原因,介绍了污染烟叶的常见生物类群,并就烟叶霉挛防治措施提出几点建议。