Samples Selection for Artificial Neural Network Training in Preliminary Structural Design

An artificial neural network (ANN) is applied in the preliminary structural design of reticulated shells. Major efforts are made to enhance the generalization ability of networks through well-selected training samples. Number-theoretic methods (NTMs) are adopted to generate samples with low discrepancy, i.e.uniformly scattered in the domain, where discrepancy is a quantitative measurement of the uniformity. The discrepancy of the NTM-based sample set is 1/6-1/7 that of samples with equal spacing. In a case study,networks trained by NTM-based samples are compared with those trained by equal-spaced samples in generalizing performance. The results show that both the computational precision and stability of the former ANNs are more satisfactory than those of the latter. It is concluded that the flexibility of ANNs in generalizing can be effectively increased by use of uniformly distributed training samples rather than simply piling data.More reliable uniformity should be obtained, however, through NTMs instead of equal-spaced samples.     

文化式原型变化之比较

从立体构成形式、基本松量、胸省量、肩斜角、前后高度差、袖斜角、省道变化应用等方面，对新老版本文化式原型进行了对比分析。论证了新版文化式原型的科学性、合理性和实用性。     

语文新课程与教师角色的转换

我国新一轮基础教育改革已全面启动,2005年全国所有地区都将实施新课程。语文新课程理念的更新热切呼唤语文教师角色作出相应的转换,语文教师要在新课程环境下重塑自己。本文着重从三大方面阐述了中学语文教师要在反思传统教师角色的基础上,为适应和实施新课程而应该有的角色转换。     

日式经营管理在邃变

８０年代引人注目的日式经营管理，９０年代来其许多本质性特征却发生了意味深长的变化。注视并研究这些变化意义甚大。本文重在概括日式经营管理现正经历的变化。     

Forecasting recessions using the yield curve

We compare forecasts of recessions using four different specifications of the probit model: a time invariant conditionally independent version; a business cycle specific conditionally independent model; a time invariant probit with autocorrelated errors; and a business cycle specific probit with autocorrelated errors. The more sophisticated versions of the model take into account some of the potential underlying causes of the documented predictive instability of the yield curve. We find strong evidence in favour of the more sophisticated specification, which allows for multiple breakpoints across business cycles and autocorrelation. We also develop a new approach to the construction of real time forecasting of recession probabilities. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大型径向和推力滑动轴承试验台结构设计与应用

对径向滑动轴承、推力滑动轴承试验台以及实验台的结构设计、试验范围、功能和工业产品实验进行了介绍。该试验台在滑动轴承的实验研究中得到了很好的应用。     

英语新课标下教师角色的转变

施行新的《英语课程标准》,要求教师做好充分的心理准备并实现必要的角色转变:教师应该是学生学习的促进者;应该是与学生“平等中的首席”;应该是谦虚的学习者;教师之间应该是紧密的合作者;教师应该做扎实的研究者。     

系统结构模型分部的底层要素法

本文从系统的底层要素出发，提出并证明了底层要素存在性、底层要素后果集并集的完全性以及它们在同一部分的充分必要条件，由此导出了系统结构模型分部的算法，实际应用进一步说明了这一方法的有效性。     

蛭石在低浓度盐酸和硫酸中的溶出性比较研究

蛭石作为三八面体层状硅酸盐矿物,由于其独特的层状结构被广泛应用于各领域．酸处理蛭石能提高蛭石的比表面积,改变层电荷数,达到增加表面活性官能团的目的．以新疆尉犁蛭石为原料,在低浓度盐酸和硫酸界面进行溶出性比较研究,对原料及酸浸后样品的物相、结构、微观形貌以及浸出液中各离子浓度进行表征分析．结果表明：在酸浓度较低时盐酸和硫酸对蛭石的酸蚀程度相当,在酸浓度稍微增加时硫酸对蛭石的酸蚀速度快于盐酸．两种酸的蛭石结构中各金属离子浸出的难易顺序一致,均为：层间物>八面体片>四面体片．Ca²⁺作为层间阳离子在酸浸前4h的溶出速率远大于八面体阳离子Mg²⁺和四面体阳离子Al³⁺,且层间物中Ca²⁺相比于K⁺更容易浸出．适当的酸处理可以提高蛭石的阳离子交换容量．本文对于蛭石的利用开发具有一定意义．