外环式空间钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点受剪性能

为了探讨空间钢管混凝土柱-钢梁环板节点的受剪性能,基于ABAQUS建立圆形和方形空间环板节点在3种不同梁端加载方式下的有限元模型,分别对节点域的剪力-梁端位移曲线进行分析.在此基础上,选取4个影响节点域抗剪的参数进行分析,以此来明晰空间钢管混凝土节点的受剪机理.结果表明:平面内-平面外梁端依次加载为节点域受剪的最不利加载方式,钢梁强度、柱混凝土强度、柱钢管强度对节点域抗剪起着有利作用,轴压比在一定范围内对抗剪有利,超过这个范围反而不利.     

带可替换耗能连接偏心支撑钢框架单调加载的受力性能分析

带可替换耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架的框架梁由耗能连接和框架梁两部分构成,耗能连接具有震后替换方便、造价低等特点.采用Abaqus软件对10榀带可替换耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架进行数值模拟.模拟中对该偏心支撑钢框架施加单调荷载,分析不同参数下可替换耗能连接及整个框架的承载能力、变形能力等力学性能.分析结果表明:带可替换耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架能够很好地将结构的塑性变形集中在此耗能连接上,因此带有这种耗能连接的偏心支撑钢框架具有较高的承载力、延性、初始刚度,并且应力和应变分布较均匀.     

随焊氩气激冷控制铝/钢薄板焊接应力与变形数值模拟

采用有限元分析软件ANSYS,对不同焊接工艺条件下铝/钢异种金属薄板对接熔钎焊接过程进行数值模拟,建立了TIG电弧热源与氩气冷源模型,将常规焊接和随焊氩气激冷焊接的残余应力与变形进行对比分析,研究发现:随焊氩气激冷技术可使焊接纵向残余应力和变形分别降低32.8%和48.1%。为了验证数值模拟结果的准确性,进行了铝/钢异种金属薄板熔钎焊试验,将温度场与应力场的模拟值与试验值进行对比,结果显示两者吻合较好,表明随焊氩气激冷技术可有效控制铝/钢薄板焊接残余应力与变形。     

组合热源模型下焊剂片约束电弧焊温度场预测

通过反演法将高斯面热源与柱型体热源耦合构建成组合热源,再运用软件ABAQUS对焊剂片约束电弧焊高强钢T形接头在此组合热源作用下形成的温度场进行数值模拟.模拟过程中着重考虑了夹具与工件之间的接触传热.通过将模拟结果与实验结果对比,发现模拟与实验所得焊缝形貌、以及各测试点焊接热循环曲线基本吻合,从而验证了有限元分析中使用该组合热源模型预测焊剂片约束电弧焊温度场的可行性和有效性.对T形接头温度场分布研究发现,模拟的T形接头的面板和芯板在厚度方向温度分布均匀.对热循环曲线的分析中发现,夹具在工件冷却阶段的作用明显,为此对焊接热影响区范围进行数值预测,预测结果与实验结果吻合.     

铁素体/珠光体界面对耐酸管线钢氢致开裂敏感性的影响

利用OM、SEM、EBSD、TEM等手段,分别对热轧态和退火态耐酸管线钢的微观组织、晶界分布、位错及析出相进行表征,测试了不同组织管线钢的氢致开裂(HIC)敏感性,计算分析了有效氢扩散系数、氢陷阱密度及其对不同组织的氢捕获效率,重点探讨了铁素体/珠光体(F/P)界面对耐酸管线钢HIC敏感性的影响。结果表明,随着管线钢珠光体含量的增加,F/Fe_3C界面及F/P界面越多,二者作为不可逆氢陷阱会阻碍氢的扩散,提高氢的捕获效率,有效氢扩散系数降低,管线钢的HIC敏感性提高;F/P界面附近位错的聚集会加速氢原子向高界面能的F/P界面聚集,使氢致裂纹起始于F/P界面处,并沿着F/P界面扩展。     

800 MPa级耐酸管线钢高温热塑性研究

以一种800 MPa级耐酸管线钢铸坯为研究对象,采用Gleeble 3500试验机对其高温力学性能进行测试,运用金相显微镜、体视显微镜、扫描电镜及显微硬度计,对实验钢拉断后的微观组织、断口形貌及显微硬度进行表征。结果表明,在600～1000℃温度范围,实验钢种的断面收缩率均大于70%,表现出了较好的高温热塑性,但热塑性曲线在700～850℃之间出现了塑性低谷区,这与原始奥氏体晶界处先共析铁素体网膜的析出有关,故铸坯矫直温度选择应避开该温度区间。此外,实验钢还具有较好的高温强度,600℃下抗拉强度可达353 MPa。     

Characterizations of dissimilar S32205/316L welds using austenitic,super-austenitic and super-duplex filler metals

UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel plates were welded to AISI 316L stainless steel using the pulsed gas tungsten arc welding process with three different filler metals: ER2594, ER312, and ER385. The microstructures of the welds were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy, and all of the specimens were evaluated by ferrite measurements. The mechanical properties were studied through hardness, tensile, and impact tests. In addition, the pitting resistance equivalent number was calculated and cyclic polarization tests were performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the weld metal. The results showed that chromium nitride was formed in the heat-affected zone of the duplex side, whereas no sigma phase was detected in any of the specimens. The ferrite number increased from the root pass to the final pass. The absorbed energies of the impact test decreased with increasing ferrite number, whereas the tensile strength was enhanced. The fully austenitic microstructure of the specimen welded with ER385 exhibited the highest resistance to pitting corrosion at 25°C, and the super-duplex weld metal presented superior corrosion resistance at 50°C.     

碳扩散对非真空热轧不锈钢复合板结合性能的影响

采用非真空热轧方法制备304不锈钢/Q235碳钢复合板材,利用OM、SEM、EDS等研究了不同压下率和轧后冷却方式下复合界面夹杂物、界面组织及力学行为的演变,并分析了C扩散对复合板界面组织形成及结合强度的影响。结果表明,随着轧制压下率的增加,界面夹杂物由块状向线型、连续点状乃至弥散点状分布变化。当压下率较低(28%)时,复合板剪切断裂位于结合界面处,随着压下率增加至47%及以上,复合板断裂位置为脱碳铁素体区。另外,热轧复合板经水冷工艺处理后,由于冷却速率较快,要抑制碳钢侧C元素的扩散,避免复合界面处脱碳区域的形成,从而提高了复合界面的结合强度。     

快中子增殖反应堆燃料元件包壳材料的晶界工程技术应用展望

针对钠冷快中子增殖反应堆(简称快堆) 燃料元件包壳材料316 以及15-15Ti 奥氏体不锈钢, 讨论了通过晶界工程(grain boundary engineering, GBE) 技术进一步提高材料抗辐照肿胀以及抗蠕变性能的可行性. 通过GBE 技术能够大幅增加材料中与孪晶相关的低 重合位置点阵(coincidence site lattice, CSL) 晶界比例. 快堆燃料元件包壳在固溶退火处理后还要经过20% 左右的冷加工变形, 目的是在显微组织中引入大量位错, 吸收由辐照产生的点缺陷, 并增加吸收裂变产物的陷阱. 如果在这样的冷加工变形前大幅提高材料的低∑CSL 晶界比例, 使冷加工变形时的位错滑移在具有特殊取向关系的晶粒间的传播以及位错在特殊结构晶界处的堆积排列发生变化, 那么就有可能使冷加工后位错的分布状态有利于吸收更多的由辐照产生的点缺陷, 提高材料抗辐照肿胀的能力.     

Effect of tin addition on the microstructure and properties of ferritic stainless steel

This article reports the effects of Sn on the inclusions as well as the mechanical properties and hot workability of ferritic stainless steel. Precipitation phases and inclusions in Sn-bearing ferritic stainless steel were observed, and the relationship between the workability and the microstructure of the steel was established. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis of the steel reveals that an almost pure Sn phase forms and MnS-Sn compound inclusions appear in the steel with a higher Sn content. Little Sn segregation was observed in grain boundaries and in the areas around sulfide inclusions; however, the presence of Sn does not adversely affect the workability of the steel containing 0.4wt% Sn. When the Sn content is 0.1wt%-0.4wt%, Sn improves the tensile strength and the plastic strain ratio and also improves the plasticity with increasing temperature. A mechanism of improving the workability of ferritic stainless steel induced by Sn addition was discussed:the presence of Sn lowers the defect concentration in the ultra-pure ferritic lattice and the good distribution of tin in the lattice overcomes the problem of hot brittleness that occurs in low-carbon steel as a result of Sn segregation.