硅基介孔材料负载手性金属催化剂的研究进展

近年来,以有序的介孔硅基材料为载体报道的负载手性金属催化剂受到了广泛的关注,它们的易制备、高活性和可重复利用特点也为其工业化提供了可能.简要综述了硅基介孔材料的负载策略及常见的硅基介孔材料负载手性金属催化剂.     

并流式进料沉淀法二氧化硅的制备

以工业水玻璃和硫酸为原料,用并流式进料的化学沉淀法制备了大孔容、高比表面积的超细SiO2粉末,用BET、TG-DTA、激光粒度分析等手段对其性能进行表征,并研究了进料方式、表面活性剂和热处理等因素的影响.结果表明,并流进料沉淀法所制得的多孔型SiO2比表面积可达823 m2/g,孔容可达1.438 cm3/g.     

介孔氧化硅负载纳米硫化镉光催化剂制备及其可见光氧化性能

在巯基预修饰的介孔氧化硅球孔道中原位生长纳米硫化镉(CdS)晶体,得到了介孔氧化硅负载的纳米硫化镉,并对其进行了表征.X射线粉末衍射图谱表明,得到的纳米硫化镉为六方晶相,其粒径被控制在2.6nm,在量子区域,与介孔氧化硅球最可几孔径大小一致.通过可见光下光催化降解有机染料和酚的实验,对介孔氧化硅负载的纳米硫化镉的光催化性能进行了研究.与体相硫化镉材料进行比较的结果表明,纳米硫化镉体现出了更高的光催化活性,紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱表明,其高活性与其量子尺寸有关.     

硅胶键合乙醇胺和二乙醇胺对Cu^2＋的吸附性能研究

研究了硅胶负载乙醇胺（SiO2-MEA）和二乙醇胺（SiO2-DEA）螯合吸附剂对Cu^2＋的静态饱和吸附量、吸附动力学、吸附热力学、动态吸附以及pH值对其吸附能力的影响．结果表明,SiO2-MEA和SiO2-DEA对Cu^2＋的静态饱和吸附量分别为0．2086,0．3082mmol／g;动力学和动态吸附过程符合Boyd方程,即为液膜扩散控制;热力学吸附过程符合Langmuir和Freundlich模型,即为单分子层吸附．     

Y型聚丙烯纤维/硅灰对混凝土强度性能的影响

用Y型聚丙烯纤维和硅灰增强水泥混凝土,研究不同掺量条件下,对混凝土抗压性能的影响,并分析聚丙烯纤维以及硅灰在阻裂增强方面的作用机理.研究表明,加入聚丙烯纤维可使混凝土的抗裂、抗收缩性能提高,但会使混凝土中的孔隙率增大,使抗压强度有一定程度的降低;加入硅灰后,水泥石的密实性提高,抗压强度增大.     

硅胶负载硅钨酸催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

以硅胶负载硅钨酸为催化剂,丁醛和乙二醇为原料合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛。探讨硅胶负载硅钨酸对缩醛反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了醛醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间等因素对产物收率的影响。实验表明:硅胶负载硅钨酸是合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛的良好催化剂,在固定丁醛为0.2mol,催化剂用量为0.3g,n(丁醛)∶n(乙二醇)=1∶1.5,带水剂环己烷6mL,反应时间45 min的适宜条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的收率可达78.3%.     

离子液体中介孔、超大微孔氧化硅整体材料的合成

采用纳米铸造方案,在盐酸介质中,以咪唑盐类离子液体为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,合成了一系列介孔或超大微孔氧化硅整体材料,详细考察了盐酸浓度、盐酸用量和前驱体用量对材料结构参数的影响.结果表明,随盐酸浓度的升高,材料孔体积和孔径呈大致减小的趋势;随TEOS用量的增加,材料孔体积和孔径依次减小.材料大都具有高的比表面积和均一的孔径.     

从苦豆子中分离纯化苦参碱和槐定碱的工艺研究

运用稀酸水法从苦豆子种子中提取生物碱,最佳提取条件为料液比1∶30,pH 1.5,提取时间5h。使用大孔树脂吸附法对提取的生物碱进行纯化,考察了SP850、SP825、SP700、SP207、AB-8等5种树脂的吸附效果,其中SP850型树脂吸附量和解析量均最大,分别为27.4mg/mL和20.4mg/mL。测定了体积分数为50%、60%、70%的乙醇洗脱效果,确定了60%乙醇为最佳洗脱浓度,洗脱体积为6倍柱体积。经氯仿萃取和旋转蒸发,得到纯度达83.5%的生物碱粗产品。运用硅胶柱层析技术从生物碱粗品中分离生物碱单体,考察了氯仿-甲醇-氨水系统,正己烷-乙醇-氨水系统,丙酮-甲醇-氨水系统在硅胶薄层色谱上对生物碱的分离效果,确定以V_正己烷∶V_乙醇∶V_氨水=8∶2∶0.1作为流动相。收集洗脱液,经过结晶和重结晶,得到苦参碱和槐定碱晶体。经检测,苦参碱纯度为98.3%,槐定碱纯度达96.8%。     

Application of mesoporous silica nanocontainers as an intelligent host of molybdate corrosion inhibitor embedded in the epoxy coated steel

In this study, mesoporous silica served as a host for corrosion inhibitor. This material could adsorb and release corrosion inhibitor in different aqueous media. However, the extent of corrosion inhibitor release in the alkaline media was higher. By dispersing 1 wt% mesoporous silica loaded with sodium molybdate in the epoxy layer, a protective composite coating was produced. The corrosion properties of the composite coatings were assessed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results showed higher corrosion resistance of epoxy/mesoporous silica loaded with inhibitor in the NaCl media for eight weeks of immersion in comparison with epoxy/mesoporous silica. Corrosion inhibitors released from nano-containers in the response to corrosion damage at the interface zone.     

One-step and high-density protein immobilization on epoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles

Silica nanoparticles are most commonly modified with amino-silanes, followed by post-modification activation for protein immobilization. In this work, epoxy-functionalized silica nanoparticles were prepared by modification with glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane （GPTMS） for direct protein immobilization. Silica nanoparticles possessed an average size of 46 nm, but increased to 63 nm after GPTMS modification. Reaction time, reaction temperature and GPTMS content had no significant effect on par- ticle size. Zeta potential of SiO2 changed from -26mV to ＋38mV after modification. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy revealed alkyl C--H bending and stretching bands at 2944 cm-1, 1343 cm-1 and 1465 cm-1, respectively, for the modified nanoparticles. Fluorescein cadaverine was found to bind to GPTMS-modified SiO2, but not to bare SiO2, indicating the chemical reactivity of epoxy groups on the modified nanoparticle with amines. Finally, fluorescenUy labeled bovine serum albumin （BSA） was used as a model protein to investigate the capacity of epoxy-SiO2 nanoparticles for protein immobilization. The results showed that more proteins were immobilized on the particle with longer reaction time, higher NaCI concentration, lower pH, and less GPTMS content. More importantly, proteins bound to epoxy-SiO2 nanoparticle were highly stable. Under optimized reaction conditions, as much as 25 mg BSA/g nanoparticle was covalentiy attached to the nanoparticle. The epoxy silane modification of silica nanoparticles offers a reactive surface for one-step and high-density protein immobilization.