不同载体和前驱体对钴基催化剂浆相费托合成性能的影响

以SiO2和γ Al2O3为载体,以硝酸钴、醋酸钴和氯化钴为前驱体,利用浸渍法制备出钴基细粒子催化剂。用X射线衍射、程序升温还原、比表面测试等技术考察了钴基催化剂的结构和还原性能,分析了不同载体和前驱体对浆相费托反应性能的影响。结果表明,SiO2载体上钴物种的分散度和还原度均高于γ Al2O3载体,因而Co/γ Al2O3催化剂的活性最差,CO转化率远低于Co/SiO2催化剂。不同钴前驱体所制备的Co/SiO2催化剂钴物种的分散度和还原度有很大的差别,其相应的Co/SiO2催化剂的浆相费托活性顺序由大到小依次为:Co(NO3)2,Co(NO3)2+Co(CH3CO2)2,Co(CH3CO2)2,CoCl2。     

Leaching Mechanism of Complicated Antimony-Lead Concentrate and Sulfur Formation in Slurry Electrolysis

Anodic reaction mechanism of complicated antimony-lead concentrate in slurry electrolysis was investigated by the anodic polarization curves determined under various conditions. The main reactions on the anode are the oxidations of FeCln^(2-n) . Though the oxidation of jamesonite particle on the anode can occur during the whole process, it is less. With the help of mineralogy studies and relevant tests, the leaching reaction mechanism of jameson[to and gudmundite during slurry electrolysis was ascertained. Because of the oxidation reaction of FeCl3 produced by antimony-lead concentrate itself, the non-oxidation complex acid dissolution of jameson[re, the oxidation complex acid dissolution of gudmundite, and the oxidation of air carried by stirring, the leaching ratio of antimony reaches about 35% when HCl-NH4Cl solution is used to leach antimony-lead concentrate directly. So when the theoretical electric quantity is given to oxidation of antimony in slurry electrolysis, all of antimony, lead and iron containing in antimony-lead concentrate, are leached. The formation of sulfur is through the directly redox reaction of Fe^3 and jameson[re. The S^2- in jamesonite is oxidized into S^0 , and forms the crystals of sulfur again on the spot. The redox reaction of Fe^3 and H2S formed by non-oxidative acid dissolution of jamesonite is less.     

Velocity Distribution of Slurry in Horizontal Pipe When Solid Particles Sliding

Based on the laws of momentum conservation and impulse in accelerating process, the distribution on speed of ununiform slurry flow in a horizontal pipe was studied. According to the momentum change of solid particles and conveying liquid of slurry flow during accelerating, and some effect factors, the relationship between the speed of solid particles and the speed of conveying liquid was obtained.When dealing with the friction between sliding solid particles and pipe, it is pivotal to reasonably distribute component of friction to each solid particle. The friction coefficient between solid particles was obtained by forces analysis and theoretic calculation, and can be used to calculate the friction force on every solid particle. The effect of friction on speed of ever), solid particle was investigated through the impulse law. The result is more accurate than that by using uniform friction on solid particles. It is completely new method to use above theory to get solid particles speed distribution, conveying liquid speed distribution and slurry speed distribution.     

改性化工污泥与煤的成浆性及燃烧性分析

选取两种方法对化工污泥进行改性并研究改性后的污泥添加量对污泥水煤浆(S-CWS)成浆性、流变性和燃烧性的影响,从而获得制备高浓度污泥水煤浆的工艺参数.结果表明:选用Na OH对污泥进行改性制备出的污泥水煤浆成浆性较好;改性污泥添加量在10%~20%,可以得到成浆性良好的污泥水煤浆;添加改性污泥的污泥水煤浆较普通水煤浆的燃烧性能增加.     

成形速度对7075半固态模锻组织均匀性的影响

在半固态模锻过程中,经常会出现液相偏析现象,使零件出现"弱点"或"弱区",这些"弱点"或"弱区"通常又是潜在的裂纹源和服役条件下失效的起因。为了分析研究半固态模锻液相偏析的影响因素,应用DEFORM-3D软件对7075铝合金半固态模锻充型过程进行了模拟,研究了成形速度对7075铝合金杯形件充型过程的影响规律。在模拟的基础上,利用压力机及杯形实验模具,进行了半固态7075铝合金流变模锻成形,研究了成形速度对7075铝合金杯形件半固态模锻组织均匀性的影响。模拟和实验结果表明:成形速度越高,充型越不平稳;在压头温度400℃、成形比压50 MPa、合金温度628℃的条件下,随着成形速度的增加,杯形件的液相偏析度增加,组织越不均匀,当成形速度为5mm/s时,杯形件的液相偏析度高达18.2%。     

粘土基防渗浆材的实验研究

针对目前常用浆材的局限性和工程应用的需要,采用正交优化的实验方法研究一种以粘土为主的粘土基防渗浆材,浆材具有良好的稳定性和可灌性,其结石体具有低渗透性和较低强度,适用于非加固型的防渗注浆工程。     

CuZnAl双功能催化剂上一步法合成二甲醚的工艺研究

探讨TC301／γ-Al2O3和C207／γ-Al2O3双功能催化剂上合成气一步法制取二甲醚的反应,考察了催化剂浓度、原料气氢碳比和搅拌转速对一氧化碳转化率和二甲醚收率的影响．结果表明：在浆态床反应器内,催化剂C301的催化效果优于C207,且催化剂最佳浓度为7．27％;在300r／min搅拌转速下,外扩散阻力的影响基本可以消除;当原料气氢碳比为1．0时,二甲醚收率最大,进而提出利用富碳合成气生产二甲醚是缓解能源问题和减少能源污染的一条新途径．     

覆岩离层注浆减沉工程有关技术问题研究

采用流体力学的理论方法结合相似材料模拟实验研究成果,对覆岩离层形成的过程、注浆时机、注浆压力、浆液在离层空间内的流动规律进行了研究。注浆液在离层空间内的流动形式与离层空间的大小、围岩的渗流特性、工作面的推进速度位置等因素有关,根据实验结果可将浆液在离层空间内的流动分为三种形式:即以钻孔为中心的径向流动;以明渠"挟质"形式流动;以密实挤压形式流动。前两种形式一般发生在离层空间未充满浆液的前提下,而后一种则是在离层空间已被充满时的继续高压注入,即饱和密实挤压注浆充填。只有达到饱和密实充填才能取得理想的注浆效果。     

半体锥及其应用

文中首先引入半体锥的概念,并研究了它的一些简单性质,从而在半体锥上推广了[1]中的主要结论。其次用这些结论研究了非线性两点边值问题的固有值与固有元,同时也说明了引入半体锥的必要性。     

粘土稳定剂在固井水泥浆中应用的研究

本文探讨了将有机阳离子聚合物（ＣＯＰ）粘土稳定剂应用于固井水泥浆中，用以减小固井水泥浆滤液对油气层的损害问题，内容包括ＣＯＰ与常用固井水泥添加剂的配伍性能，ＣＯＰ在Ｇ级油井水泥上的吸附及合ＣＯＰ的水泥浆滤液对页岩膨胀作用的抑制能力三部分实验．实验表明：可以将有机阳离子聚合物粘土稳定剂应用于不含聚阴离子添加剂的固井水泥浆中碱小固井水泥浆滤液对油气层的损害．