临近空间慢速平台SAR结合运动补偿的SCFT算法

针对临近空间慢速平台SAR轨迹运动偏差的空变性进行了分析.在二维频率域利用系统传输函数(STF)和变尺度傅里叶变换(SCFT)处理算法有效补偿了距离迁移和关于快时间波数的高阶相位,指出在运动补偿过程中,可将轨迹运动偏差分解成空不变项和空变项.在二雏频率域,结合一阶、二阶运动误差补偿的方法,提出了临近空间慢速平台SAR结合运动补偿的SCFT处理算法.最后,通过计算机仿真,验证了本算法的正确性.     

N×N星形平板介质光波导耦合器的理论模型

研究Ｎ×Ｎ星形平板介质波导耦合器的分析模型与设计问题，运用菲涅耳衍射理论，给出传输效率的一般表达式，引入拉格朗日乘法算子，给出了实现最大传输所要求的端口最佳激励函数。     

碳酸钙矿石晶粒尺寸对其受热后状态的影响

为研究不同晶粒的碳酸钙矿石用于造渣的优劣性,对6种晶粒不同的碳酸钙矿石进行了X射线衍射、压汞、扫描电镜分析等试验,研究了它们的晶粒尺寸、碎裂程度、碎裂过程和煅烧后的比孔容、体积密度、孔隙率、平均孔径、活性度等因素,分析了矿石晶粒尺寸对其热裂性和煅烧所得石灰的微观结构参数、活性的影响。结果表明,矿石晶粒度越大,煅烧所得石灰越疏松多孔,活性越高,在急速受热时会发生爆裂,化渣速度更快。     

基于超像素与Span-Pauli分解的SAR影像分类

针对高分辨率极化合成孔径雷达(SAR)影像解译中面向像素方法难以充分利用影像信息的问题,提出一种基于超像素与Span-Pauli分解的非监督分类方法.利用分水岭方法易于过分割的特点,将分水岭分割得到的特征相似、空间相邻的像素集合视为超像素,并作为分类算法的基本处理单元.利用极化参数Span及Pauli基对极化SAR数据进行迭代分类,以实现适用于高分辨率SAR影像的非监督分类.采用X波段高分辨率SAR数据进行实验,结果表明:基于超像素的分类方法能有效抑制分类结果中的椒盐现象,将总体精度提高到了73.81%;在准确区分水体、道路的基础上,提高了复杂的农作物类别的分类精度.     

基于热核特征的SAR图像地物识别方法

采用了一种空间敏感度特征包(spatially sensitive bags of feature, SS BOF)来实现合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）图像的地物识别。首先采用推广的核模糊C 均值方法分割SAR图像,提取SAR图像目标图形;采用Harris角点检测子提取角点,接着对目标图形进行Delaunay三角剖分;采用cotangent weight方法对三角剖分图赋值,进而求得离散化Laplace Beltrami算子的特征值、特征向量,并计算SS BOF,进而对地物目标进行识别,其识别方法采用比L1相似准则效果更好的相关系数法;最后与热核迹等热核不变量特征以及Hu不变矩特征进行对比。实验表明：空间敏感度热核特征的识别率高于热核不变量的识别率,并与经典的Hu不变矩特征比较,识别率有所提高。     

Azimuth resolution improvement for spaceborne SAR images with quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth

The azimuth resolution improvement problem is solved via a coherent combination of synthetic aperture radar （SAR） ima-ges with the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler bandwidth. Prior to the spectra combination, SAR images should be coregistered, while phase biases induced by topography, atmospheric propagation delays and baseline measurement errors should be calibrated. However, the coregistration accuracy suffers from large Doppler decorrelation caused by the quasi-non-overlapped Doppler band-width. Furthermore, the method used to estimate phase biases from interferogram of azimuth prefiltered SAR image pairs wil fail when there is no overlapped spectrum. The fringe simulation and maximum sharpness optimization are adopted to deal with the problems. Accordingly, a novel algorithm to coherently synthesize SAR images is presented. The experiment with the Terra SAR X-band （TerraSAR-X） satel ite data validates the performance of the presented method.     

基于压缩感知的多角度合成孔径雷达成像

多角度合成孔径雷达（syntheticapertureradar，SAR）成像是实现多SAR信息融合的重要方式．对提高成像分辨率．重构目标轮廓进而提高雷达目标检测或分类性能具有基础性价值．由于各传感器发射信号和测量位置的多样性，实现多角度SAR成像具有挑战性．如何在噪声干扰情况下快速实现多角度SAR成像是一个新问题．本文建立了基于压缩感知的多角度SAR测量模型．通过对测量矩阵的分析，证明多角度SAR测量角度范围、发射信号载频和空间采样位置是影响成像性能的关键因素，研究了目标空间离散间隔对成像质量和分辨率的影响．以上述分析为基础，本文对多角度SAR发射信号载频和测量位置进行设计，构建满足约束等距性的测量矩阵．针对测量矩阵阶次较高的问题，文章提出用分段正交匹配追踪（stagewiseorthogonalmatchingpursuit，STOMP）进行模型求解，在测量矩阵欠定严重的情况下，该算法可以迅速求得模型最优稀疏解．在实验环节．通过分析多角度SAR参数对成像性能的影响，进一步验证了本文结论．实验验证了模型和相应求解算法的有效性和鲁棒性．     

适于大斜视角星载SAR系统的改进距离┐多普勒算法

分析了当天线斜视角增大时，导致传统距离－多普勒成像算法性能下降的主要误差来源。提出了一种适合大斜视角星载ＳＡＲ系统的改进距离－多普勒算法，并给出了处理仿真点目标数据得到图像质量的比较。结果表明，在大斜视角情况下，改进算法的性能远大于传统的距离－多普勒成像算法。     

Optimum linear array of an optical aperture synthesis telescope

Measuring out successively the degree of coherence of the source produced by any couple of the small apertures via rotating an array composed of the small aperture telescopes, and synthesizing them into the (u, v) coverage of the source, the brightness distribution of the source can be obtained by the inverse Fourier transform of the degree of coherence with much higher resolution than from a single telescope. This article discusses the arrangements of the small apertures in the linear array, and found a method to decide the quality of the arrangements. the judgment factor ε is introduced to calculate the arrangements in quantity. There are 1.5×10¹¹ possibilities for 11 apertures. Therefore, the computer procedures are programmed to select the optimum arrangements. The effect of the simulation of the aperture synthesis is given for the linear array. The simulation method can also be used in the nonlinear arrays.     

Cauchy pdf modelling and its application to SAR image despeckling

Synthetic aperture radar （SAR） imagery is a kind of coherent system that produces a random pattern, named speckle, which degrades the merit of SAR images and affects their further application seriously. Therefore, how to restore SAR image from the speckle has become a necessary step in post-processing of image. A new despeckling method is putforth on the basis of wavelet. First, a new approach on the basis of ＂second kind statistics＂ is used to estimate the dispersion parameter of the Cauchy distribution. Then, this Cauchy prior is applied to model the distribution of the wavelet coefficients for the log-transformed reflectance of SAR image. Based on the above ideas, a new homomorphic wavelet-based maximum a posterior （MAP） despeckling method is proposed. Finally, the simulated speckled image and the real SAR image are used to verify our proposed method and the results show that it outperforms the other methods in terms of the speckle reduction and the feature retention.