Transmembrane structure and function of dctPQM encoding C4－dicarboxylate transport proteins from nitrogen－fixing P. stutzeri A1501

C4-dicarboxylate transport proteins of diazotroph Pseudomonas stutzeri were encoded by dctPQM genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that dctP, dctQ,and dctM grouped together. Its nucleotide and amino acid sequence shared high homology with that of dctP gene encoding periplasmic C4-dicarboxylate-binding protein and dctQM genes encoding C4-dicarboxylate transport proteins from the free-living nitrogen-fixing Aotobacter vinelandii.Structural analysis showed that DctP of P. stutzeri did not include membrane-spanning regions, and DctQ and DctM contained 5 and 12 transmembrane segments, respectively.The fragment containing the complete dctPQM genes was cloned into the Tn5 transposon region of suicide mobilization plasmid pSZ2L The resultant plasmid was named pSZY6.By triparental mating, Tn5 transposon carrying the dctPQM genes inserted into the genome of the wild type strain A1501,randomly. The recombinant strain A-142 which harboured an extra copy of dctPQM genes was constructed and identified by PCR amplification of npt II gene. When A-142 was grown in minimal medium with different concentrations (20,10 and 5mmol/L) of C4-dicarboxylates succinate, malate, or fumarate as the sole carbon source, the rate of nitrogen fixation assayed by acetylene reduction was significantly higher than that of the wild-type strain A150L This result was established that an extra copy of dctPQM genes could increase the activity of nitrogen fixation of P. stutzeri strain A1501.     

Sphingosine 1-phosphate signal survival and mitogenesis are mediated by lipid-stereospecific binding of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins

Proof for the role of triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in the development of cardiovascular events is accumulating. We recently reported that postprandial TRLs bind to and internalize into human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) by a lipid-dependent mechanism. We now show that postprandial TRLs triggered hydrolysis of sphingomyelin and stimulation of the sphingosine kinase producing sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). In addition, postprandial TRLs exhibited survival and mitogenic effects. Interestingly, the signals were modulated by the nature of the fatty acids located at the sn-2 position in the triacylglycerol molecules of TRL. This lipid-stereospecific regulation of S1P cellular levels in HA-VSMCs provides a novel insight into the intrinsic role of dietary fatty acids and the mechanism mediated by triacylglycerol-containing postprandial lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.Received 14 August 2003; received after revision 8 October 2003; accepted 15 October 2003     

Covariance analysis of the Coulomb explosion of ammonia induced by intense nanosecond laser at 532 nm

The Coulomb explosion of ammonia clusters induced by nanosecond laser at 532 nm with an intensity of ～1012 Wcm^-2 has been studied by time of flight mass spectrometry. The dominant multiply charged ions are N^3＋ and N^2＋ with kinetic energies of 110 and 50 eV respectively. The electrons generated from the multiphoton ionization are heated through inverse bremsstrablung by tbe laser field when colliding with neutral or ionic particles. When their energies surpass the corresponding ionization potentials of the molecules or ions, the subsequent electron impact ionization may take place thus resulting in multi-charged nitrogen ions. Covariance analysis is made to study the possible pathways of the Coulomb explosion.     

注汽井氮气隔热效果数学物理模拟研究

为评价注汽井油套环空充填氮气的隔热效果和确定环空注氮气隔热工艺的技术条件,建立了隔热油管、油套环空充氮气隔热井筒传热物理模型和数学模型,通过物理模拟现场不同注汽参数,监测井筒模型不同半径处径向温度场分布,结合井筒传热数值模拟计算,从不同侧面评价现场注蒸汽井油套环空充氮气的隔热效果、影响因素和适用范围。研究结果表明,在油套环空不发生窜流的前提下,环空注氮气会导致井筒径向总传热系数增加,不利于井筒隔热。当油套环空发生窜流时,只要保证注氮气压力不低于注汽压力,注汽井油套环空注氮气隔热技术就是有效和值得推广的。     

不同比例硝态氮和尿素氮对苦草的生理影响

通过实验室静态模拟试验，研究了富营养状态下（N：4mg／L；P：0．2mg／L）不同比例硝态氮（NO3ˉ-N）和尿素氮（Urea—N）（1：0，2：1，1：1，1：2）对苦草（Vallisneria atans）的生理影响．结果表明，硝态氮和尿素氮比例为1：0，即以硝酸盐为唯一氮源时，苦草的生物量、可溶性总糖含量和硝酸还原酶（Nitrate Reductase，NR）活性明显高于其他处理组和无氮对照组，过氧化物酶（Peroxidase，POD）活性低于其他处理组和无氮对照组．随着培养液中尿素含量逐渐升高、N0OˉN：Urea—N比例降低，苦草的生物量、NR活性以及POD活性依次降低，苦草脲酶（Urease）活性逐渐升高，但当NO3ˉN：Urea—N为1：2时，苦草Urease活性受到抑制，明显低于其他比例组和无氮对照组．研究表明，添加一定量的硝态氮（硝态氮和尿素氮比例为1：0，NO3ˉ-N浓度为4mg／L）可以促进苦草的生长，但当尿素含量逐渐增加时会对苦草产生一定的胁迫作用，硝态氮（NO3ˉN）和尿素氮（Urea—N）对苦草产生胁迫影响的阈值比为1：1，此时TN为4mg／L，NCh—N和Urea—N均为2mg／L．     

Hydroxyl Radical Induced Apoptosis Is Closely Related to Changes in Cellular Energy／Redox Metabolism

IntroductionApoptosis,programmed cell death,is acomplicated process.In recent years,thebiochemical and molecular mechanisms ofapoptosis have been under intense scientificinvestigation[1] .Particularly,research has revealedthe execution pathways of apoptosis and its keycomponents,caspases,as well as a series ofregulators and cofactors.However,furtherresearch is needed on the initiation of apoptosis,namely how a cell is induced to die.This reporthighlights the energy redox metabolic aspects ofa…     

上海滨岸潮滩水和沉积物中无机氮的分布及扩散特征

对长江口南翼上海滨岸带三个站点潮滩上覆水、沉积物和间隙水中的三态无机氮的含量分布的年度季节性监测研究表明：潮滩上覆水中溶解无机氮以NO3—N为主；表层沉积物中可交换态无机氮以NH4—N为主，约占70％-85％；沉积物间隙水中主要无机氮为NH4—N和NO3—N．在冬季潮滩上覆水中硝态氮含量明显降低，而沉积物和间隙水中氨氮和硝态氮的浓度则有较大增加．初步探讨了潮滩水和沉积物中无机氮分布季节性变化的主要影响因素，估算了潮滩表层沉积物—水界面无机氮的扩散通量，指出NIL—N的扩散释放对滨岸水环境质量影响较大．     

氮肥运筹对小麦倒伏影响的研究

氮肥运筹对小麦茎秆节间长度、茎秆充实度和茎秆氮残留量有明显的影响，从而影响了小麦的倒伏．施氮187.5kg／hm^2的处理与拔节后施肥的处理，倒伏率较低，产量最高．控制施氮量。确定适宜的施肥时期，可以降低倒伏率，提高产量．本还对其他防倒措施进行了探讨．     

体育运动对中老年人骨代谢的影响

中老年在饮食中增加补钙食品的同时，若能经常在户外参加适量的体育活动，对其骨代谢产生良好的刺激作用，促进骨形成，减少骨钙流失，是预防骨质疏松的一种好方法。     

宜宾煤中氮的形态及其变迁规律研究

利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)，研究了宜宾煤及其煤焦中氮的官能团结构，分析了氮官能团在热解过程中的迁移。所有煤焦在马弗炉上制取，制焦温度分别为700、900、1100℃。研究结果表明，宜宾煤中氮的官能团有4种，即吡啶(N—6)、吡咯(N—5)、质子化吡啶(N—Q)和氮氧化物(N—X)，其中吡咯含量最大，煤中的N—X就是N—O，是煤中吡啶结构氮与氧直接结合的结果。在700℃热解时，由于煤的脱氧脱氢，吡啶酮和N—O均向吡啶转化，N—Q基本不变。当热解温度升高到1100℃时，N—Q完全分解，残留在煤焦中的氮为吡啶结构，当有氧气存在时被氧化成吡啶酮和N—O。