微波促进下3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物的有效合成及其抗菌活性

利用微波促进的方法,通过Biginelli反应,以脂肪醛和杂环醛为原料、三氟醋酸(或冰醋酸)为催化剂,简便、高效地合成了一系列含脂肪烃基或杂环基的3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮衍生物,并首次对化合物抗植物病菌活性进行了初步测试.     

Preparation of β-SiC by combustion synthesis in a large-scale reactor

The feasibility of 5 kg β-SiC synthesized in one batch was demonstrated through igniting the mixture of Si, C-black and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) under different nitrogen pressures. The effect of experimental parameters, including the contents of PTFE, nitrogen pressure, preheating, and raw materials distribution forms were investigated. The results show that the products are β-SiC with equiaxed grains. The average grain size is less than 200 nm. The powders loaded loosely promote reaction heat dispersing, resulting in small grains. High purity β-SiC powders are obtained when the PTFE content is as low as 5wt%, which simplifies the process and decreases the cost effectively. The ceramic sintered from the obtained β-SiC powders presents the hardness of 22.20 GPa, the bending strength as high as 715.15 MPa and the fracture toughness of 8.179 MPa·m1/2, which are higher than those of ceramics fabricated with α-SiC produced by combustion synthesis.     

Reduction of 1-3 mm iron ore by H2 in a fluidized bed

The reduction of 1-3 mm fine powder of iron ore by H₂ was conducted in a lab-fabricated kg class high temperature fluidized bed. The results show that the differential pressure in the fluidized bed, which has small fluctuation with time, increases with the increase of gas flowing velocity. The utilization ratio of gas decreases when the reaction lasts longer time indicating that the reaction is faster at the beginning of reduction and becomes slower in the latter process. The higher the reaction temperature is, the higher the utilization ratio of gas is, but the difference of utilization ratio among the different temperatures becomes smaller with time. The utilization ratio of gas and the metallization ratio can reach 9% and 84% respectively at 750℃ for 20 min, which shows the reduction reaction by H₂ is very fast. The increase of metallization ratio with gas velocity performs quite good linearity, which shows that a higher velocity of reducing gas can be used to improve the productivity of the reactor when H₂ is used as reducing gas. With the increase of charge height, the metallization ratio decreases, but the utilization ratio of gas increases. The reaction temperature can be reduced to 700-750℃ from 800-850℃ when H₂ is used as reducing gas.     

[Mn(phen)_2(H_2O)Cl]Cl·4H_2O的合成、结构、性质和理论研究(Phen=1,10-邻菲啰啉)

通过水热反应合成了一种新的含锰化合物[Mn(phen)2(H2O)Cl]Cl·4H2O(phen=1,10-邻菲啰啉)(1),并对该化合物进行了X-射线单晶结构表征。该化合物具有孤立结构特征,在分子中含有新颖椅式构型的八聚体水团簇。光致发光研究发现该化合物发射强的绿光。通过分子轨道计算,我们认为该化合物的光致发光来自配体到金属中心的电荷跃迁(LMCT)以及配体到配体的电荷跃迁(LLCT)。     

从[MoS4]^2-制备一个[MoOS3]^2-型簇合物的低热固相反应机理

首次以含[MoS4]^2-离子的（NH4）2MoS4为原料,与Cu（AC）2.H2O和PPh3在空气中研磨使其发生固相反应得到红色的固体.将此固体经CH3CN萃取,放置几天后可得到红黑色单晶[MoCu3OS3（PPh3）3（CH3COO）].测试了其晶体结构,并对该低热固相反应的机理进行了研究.     

三维网络SiC_n/20Cr钢复合材料的界面固相反应及显微组织

采用真空-气铸法制备了SiCn/20Cr钢复合材料,并对SiC/20Cr钢复合材料的界面进行了研究.结果表明:SiC和20Cr在复合材料的界面产生较强固相反应,SiC分解出的Si与Fe结合生成Fe-Si化合物,SiC分解出的C以石墨态沉积下来.固相反应的区域由碳化硅反应区、金属反应区和碳沉积区组成.碳元素在碳沉积区的沉积形态与沉积点到SiC的距离有关.TEM证实了金属反应区的产物为(Cr,Fe)23C6及Fe3Si,其中Fe3Si的形成为SiC的分解提供了热力学驱动力.     

丹皮酚单硝化与二硝化衍生物的合成

文章以浓硝酸/浓硫酸作为硝化剂,对丹皮酚的硝化反应进行研究.在丹皮酚与硝酸的摩尔比为1:1、1:3的情况下,分别合成了丹皮酚的单硝基取代、二硝基取代产物,其中单硝基取代产物经过硅胶柱层析分离得到5-硝基丹皮酚、3-硝基丹皮酚单一产物.所得产物经FTIR、1H-NMR、MS测试确认结构,收率分别为58.1%、29.3%和90.0%.文章在成功合成了3种硝化产物的基础上,对硝基引入产生的理化性质变化进行了阐述.     

红枣多糖的提取及其美拉德反应型香料的研究

以红枣为原料,对微波辅助法提取红枣多糖的工艺条件参数进行了研究,通过正交试验确定了红枣多糖的最佳提取工艺条件：料液比（g：mL）=1：20,温度80℃,微波提取时间1h,红枣多糖提取率最高可达3．1％．同时,将提取出来的红枣粗多糖用2％的盐酸水解后,直接与氨基酸进行美拉德反应,制备出棕色的具有芝麻酱香味的反应型香料物质．研究了反应温度、反应时间、pH值以及氨基酸和多糖的质量比等条件对制备出来的香味物质的影响,得出其最佳反应条件为：反应温度110℃,pH值8．5,反应时间2．5h,多糖与氨基酸的质量比=1：2．在该条件下制备出来的香味物质产量高、香气浓郁．     

虾夷扇贝体内尼氏单孢子虫检测方法

为了解中国近海贝类受原生动物寄生虫--尼氏单孢子虫(Haplosporidium nelsoni)污染状况,利用显微镜观察、原位杂交方法(ISH)和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法对2007年采集于大连大窑湾和长海县养殖区的虾夷扇贝样品进行尼氏单孢子虫检测,并比较了浮筏式和底播式养殖的虾夷扇贝中尼氏单孢子虫的检测结果.结果表明,在2007年2月大窑湾浮筏式养殖的成体虾夷扇贝体内检出尼氏单孢子虫;在2007年5～8月长海县浮筏式养殖的成体扇贝体内普遍检测出尼氏单孢子虫,而在其他月份的成体扇贝体内以及全年浮筏式养殖的扇贝幼苗和底播养殖的扇贝体内未检出尼氏单孢子虫.     

CP自由基与C6H6反应机理的理论研究

在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平下研究了CP自由基与C6H6反应体系的产物分布和反应机理.得到了详细标注反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的势能面示意图.计算结果表明CP+C6H6体系的主要产物是C6H5CP+H,次要产物是HCP+C6H5.与深入研究的CN+C6H6反应体系相比,CP和CN反应体系的机理完全相似.本理论计算可以为将来实验室分离和研究一些含有不饱和CP基团的物种提供非常有价值的信息.