热轧Nb微合金化TRIP钢高温区变形过程中Nb的析出行为

通过Gleeble热模拟实验研究了含0.038% Nb (质量分数)的热轧TRIP钢在高温奥氏体区的热加工工艺,借助光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了组织演变和Nb的析出行为,并利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪定量分析了Nb的固溶/析出程度.在1250℃奥氏体化5 min后添加Nb有70%固溶于奥氏体.在1000℃以上的奥氏体再结晶区变形过程中Nb的析出量仅占总固溶量的3%,不能有效抑制静态再结晶,奥氏体晶粒得到明显细化.在900℃的奥氏体未再结晶区变形前析出Nb量已达到总固溶量的9%,再结晶被抑制而获得拉长状奥氏体.奥氏体未再结晶区变形可促进铁素体转变并细化铁素体晶粒.再结晶奥氏体或形变奥氏体状态下冷却至650℃时分别有占总添加量的48%和40%的Nb仍以固溶态存在.     

光度分析法测定包头铁矿及其冶炼渣中铌

系统研究了铌（Ｖ）与氯代磺酚Ｓ的显色反应，优化了反应条件，考察了该显色体系的分析性能，研究了样品的分解方法，拟定了用光度法分析包头铁矿及其冶炼渣中铌的方案。     

再结晶对沉淀粒子尺寸及其分布的影响

本文通过碳萃取复型样品的电镜观察,研究了再结晶对沉淀粒子尺寸及其分布的影响。当10MnNb钢在1073—1373K温度范围内热压缩后等温停留时,NbC沉淀粒子随等温时间延长而粗化。在未再结晶期间,粒子尺寸分布曲线呈单峰;在再结晶期间,粒子粗化速率加快,改变了原来的粒子尺寸分布,使尺寸分布曲线呈双峰。再结晶时形变基体、再结晶前沿界面和再结晶晶粒三个区域中的粒子粗化机制不同,其平均尺寸和尺寸分布也不同,它们的叠加使尺寸分布曲线呈双峰。     

氨解法制备立方相氮化铌纳米粉体

以沉淀法制备的高比表面积无定形Nb2O5为原料，采用氨解法在600-800℃、氮化3～8h制备了氮化铌纳米粉体。对不同氨解温度、氨解时间合成的NbN粉体用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、氮吸附比表面积(BET)、热分析(TG／DTA)、氮分析等方法进行了表征，研究了氨解温度、氨解时间对NbN粉体性能的影响。结果表明：该方法所需设备简单，氮化温度低，反应时间短，产品纯度高。在650-800℃氮化3～8h可得到粒径为15-40nm的X射线衍射纯立方相NbN纳米粉体。     

用化学平衡法研究Fe—Nb—C熔体的热力学

CO—CO_2混合气与Fe—Nb—C熔体和NbO_2(s)的平衡实验是在Al_2O_3或ZrO_2坩埚中进行的。实验表明,在1073～1273K间的低温下产生碳沉积是不可避免的。熔体上方的气相氧分压用固体电解质电池测定。与熔体中Nb成平衡的氧化物被确定为NbO_2(s)。测得1823K时反应[Nb]+O_2=NbO_2(s)的平衡常数K=6.31×10~(10),因此,可得反应的标准自由能: ΔG°=-377150(J/mol)求出了碳对Nb和Nb对碳的活度相互作用系数为: e~C_(Nb)=-0.74;e~(Nb)_C=-0.092     

ABS塑料无氰仿金电镀工艺条件研究

在ABS塑料基体上化学沉积铜 ,然后在 5 0℃、电流密度为 0 9A/dm2 、沉积 35min的条件下得到光亮镍镀层的基础上 ,进行Cu -Zn二元合金的焦磷酸体系仿金镀 .重点对镀液性能和工艺条件进行探讨 ,得到了焦磷酸钾浓度为 36 0g/L ,电流密度为 1 2 5A/dm2 的最佳工艺条件 .     

On Niobium Reduction in Blast Furnace

The Baotou Iron Ore of China contains very high niobium. This paper reported the results through laboratory and practical experiments on niobium enrichment in blast furnace. The effect of temperature, constituents of slag and silicon content in hot metal on niobium recovery was studied and the results had been verified by blast furnace operation. According to the reaserch, a comprehensive extraction process that extraction combines with ore dressing and with pyro--hydro-metallurgy should be adopted for Baotou niobium resource which is difficult to concentrating. The methods of increase in niobium recovey were also suggested in this paper.     

Nb对Fe3Al基合金力学性能的改善作用

Ｎｂ对改善Ｆｅ２Ａｌ的高温力学性能有十分重要的作用。在Ｆｅ－２８Ａｌ－５Ｃｒ－０．５Ｍｏ－０．０５Ｚｒ－０．０５Ｂ－０．１Ｃｅ合金中，Ｎｂ的溶解度在０．５ａｔ％左右，Ｎｂ含量超过０．５％时，基体中有富Ｎｂ的第二相颗粒形成。Ｎｂ的加入提高了合金的室温和高温强度，改善了抗蠕变性能，但在一定程度上降低了室温塑性。     

熔分过程中铌、磷在渣铁两相间的分配比

以白云鄂博铌精矿经预还原后在电炉内熔分所形成的渣铁体系为研究对象,通过实验考察了熔分过程中铌、磷在渣铁两相间分配比的变化规律.结果表明,在本实验条件下,铌、磷的分配比随铁液中碳质量分数的增加而减小,当碳达到饱和时,铌氧化物会在渣铁界面处被还原为碳化铌,熔分终点w［C］应控制在342%以下;铌、磷的分配比随温度升高而减小,熔分温度可控制在1450℃左右;铌、磷的分配比随渣中FeO质量分数的增加而增大,熔分终点w(FeO)应控制在585%左右;铌、磷的分配比随熔渣光学碱度的升高而增大,添加MgO可明显降低磷的分配比.     

Microstructure and magnetostrictive performance of NbC-doped<100>oriented Fe-Ga alloys

The <100> oriented Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy rods with various NbC contents less than 1at% were prepared by the directional solidification method at a growth rate of 720 mm·h-1. Low NbC-content was found to affect the oriented grain growth and slightly improve the <100> orientation. Flat grain boundaries in the alloys with low NbC contents less than 0.2at% became greatly curved at higher NbC contents, and a large amount of Nb-rich precipitates were observed in the alloys with high NbC contents. Small amounts of NbC, less than 0.2at%, resulted in an increase in magnetostrictive strain due to the improvement of the <100> orientation, and a high magnetostrictive strain value of 335×10-6 under a pre-stress of 15 MPa was obtained in the 0.1at% NbC-doped alloys. The magnetostrictive performance obviously decreased with the NbC addition higher than 0.5at%, and the strain sensitivity under no pre-stress was lower than that in the binary Fe-Ga alloy.