龙门山造山带地质和地球物理资料的综合解释

通过对航磁、重力、深部地壳测深、大地电磁测深及地热流值估算等多种地球物理资料和地质资料的综合研究，提出了龙门山造山带地壳、上地幔结构模式，并通过平衡剖面恢复结合地史资料对龙门山造山带的演化进行了探讨。     

育珠细胞小片擦片方式对有核珍珠影响的试验

报导了海绵块擦细胞小片条、棉球擦细胞小片条和不擦3种处理细胞小片的方法,对三角帆蚌内脏团培育圆形有核珍珠质量影响的试验结果。试验表明,成珠率海绵块组96.3%>脱脂棉球组88.0%>不擦组79.2%;优珠率脱脂棉球组13.6%>海绵块组11.5%>不擦组0。这些差异,从统计学角度看没有明显区别,但从表观数据可见,无论是成珠率还是优珠率,育珠细胞小片用海绵块擦和脱脂棉球擦比不擦明显要高,表明小片不擦不利于有核珍珠的培育。     

Effects of sub-lithospheric small-scale convection with a Newtonian rheology on the seafloor topography and heat flux

Scafloor topography and heat flux show clear dependence on the age of seafloor. A half-space cooling (HSC)model can reproduce seafloor topography and heat flux data for younger seafloor, but for older seafloor the observations show reduced variations with the age in comparison with the HSC model predictions. The deviation was attributed to the sub-lithospheric small-scale (SSC) convection first by Parsons and McKenzie (1978). While there is little doubt that the SSC can enhance heat flux at relatively old seafloor, questions were raised as to whether or not the SSC can actually lead to a reduced topography. In this study, the effects of SSC on scafloor topography and heat flux are investigated by formulating a 2-D thermal convection model that is parallel to plate motion. Instead of using closed boundary conditions,which will bring large pressure effects because of return flow,a flow through boundary condition is adopted. The results show that although the SSC enhances the surface heat flux, it has little effects on topography for the fluids with a more realistic rheology. The reason for this is that the SSC transports the heat from the bottom to the top and cools down the whole fluids, and with the existence of a stagnant lid, the whole effects on topography are negligible.     

西太平洋洋底高原内部结构与形成演化

洋底高原是在深海盆地中最显著的大火成岩省,记录着海洋大规模的岩浆活动,对研究地壳结构、板块构造、地幔动力学乃至地球演化历史都具有重要意义。西太平洋是洋底高原分布最密集的区域,是研究洋底高原内部结构与形成演化的最佳场所。选取西太平洋中最具代表性的6座洋底高原——沙茨基海隆、赫斯海隆、麦哲伦海隆、翁通爪哇高原、马尼希基高原以及希古朗基高原,通过对这6座洋底高原地质概况的简要描述,归纳近年来获得的地球物理与地球化学重要观测结果,揭示其内部结构的共性,包括大面积地形隆起、异常厚的地壳、异常负的地幔重力异常以及形成于洋中脊之上或者附近的位置特征;探索了其形成机制,即地幔柱与洋中脊的相互作用可能是洋底高原的主要成因。     

Os isotopic composition of the earth’s primitive upper mantle

The osmium isotopic ratio of¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os ranging from 0.126 to 0.127 for the primitive upper mantle (PUM) is obtained according to the correlation between¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os and Al₂O₃ of mantle-derived xenoliths and orogenic peridotites, which consists with Allegre and Luck’s ALM value and similar to Yin’s nuggets uniform reservoir (NUR) value. It shows that the Os isotope ratio is lower than enstatite or ondinary chondrites, similar to carbonaceous chondrites (CV3).     

Ch4-rich fluid inclusions in the Yushigou mantle peridotite and their implications, North Qilian Mountains, China

Studies were carried out on the early phase of fluid inclusions which occur in residual olivines in harzburgite from the Yushigou ophiolitic mantle peridotite, the North Qilian Mountains. Components of these inclusions, analyzed by micro laser Raman spectroscopy, are dominantly CH, (70%–95%) with minor H₂, N₂, H₂S, CO₂,C₂H₄, C₂H₆, and C₃H₆ but there are no H₂O,CO and SO₂. The highly CH₄-rich fluid was probably derived from an ancient deep mantle. This discovery plays an important role in all-round understanding of the fluid property of the upper mantle, especially the ancient oceanic upper mantle.     

Laserprobe oxygen isotope analysis of minerals from mantle-derived rocks in eastern China

Oxygen isotope analyses were carried out by the laserprobe technique for mineral separates from mantle xenolith and megacryst in Cenozoic basalts, East China. The results not only give the δ I8O range consistent with that reported for peridotites in the world, but also yield oxygen isotope equilibrium between coexisting minerals.     

马氏珠母贝外套膜组织培养

用本实验室已建立的贝类组织培养技术对马氏珠母贝外套膜组织成功地进行了体外培养,在外套膜组织中最先迁出的是颗粒细胞,紧随其后为透明细胞,在培养到２０ｈ时,圆形的上皮细胞开始迁出,上皮细胞很快在组织块圆形形成生长晕,继而铺满整个培养瓶底面,培养４ｄ以后,上皮细胞开始分泌颗粒状的物质,这时的上皮细胞从形态上发为Ａ型和Ｂ型两类,Ｂ型上皮细胞含有许多颗粒物质,而Ａ型上皮细胞不含或含少量颗粒物质,反映了其合成